Economy of Haryana

Gurgaon

Gurgaon, also referred to as Gurugram, is among India's top 3 IT hubs and IT export income earners. It shares its boundary with south Delhi, and is located about 30km south of national capital New Delhi. It is also one of the four major cities of the National Capital Region, and the second largest city in Haryana. It has the third largest capital income in India after Chandigarh and Mumbai. Gurugram is also called the "Millennium City"^[who?] with its vast array of modern commercial malls, cyber parks, hi-tech offices and plush residential spaces.

The area of Gurugram city is 231 square km and it is divided into 35 municipal wards. Administratively, it comprises three subdivisions: Gurugram South, Gurugram North, Pataudi, five Tehsils - Gurgaon, Sohna, Farrukhnagar, Pataudi and Manesar, and 38 villages.

In the last two decades, Gurugram has become the industrial and financial nerve centre of Haryana. It houses over 250 Fortune 500 companies.^{[citation needed]} Gurugram is famous for its outsourcing and off-shore services that contribute most to its economy.^{[citation needed]} Major industries in Gurugram include IT, ITES, auto manufacturing and pharmaceuticals.^{[citation needed]}

Professionals from across India come to Gurugram in search of jobs in the private sector. People find the city attractive to move to as there are apartments, housing societies, residential colonies and independent homes available at affordable rates. Almost 60 per cent of Haryana’s revenue accrues from Gurugram by way of excise duty, sales tax, stamp duty and registration.^[16]

Gurgaon’s population has increased from some 870,539 in census 2001 to 1,514,085 in census 2011, an increase of 74 per cent in the decade in reference. As per official sources, the current^[when?] population of Gurgaon is estimated to be close to 2.5 million. The population is expected to grow to 4.25 million by 2031, as per Gurugram Master Plan 2031.^{[citation needed]}

Rapid growth has put substantial pressure on city’s resources. Infrastructural bottlenecks including traffic snarls, road congestions, water scarcity and pollution are on the rise.^{[citation needed]}

Moreover, the city is run by multiple authorities with somewhat superimposing roles.^{[citation needed]} Authorities who manage the city include, but are not limited to, Municipal Corporation of Gurugram, Haryana Urban Development Authority, Haryana State Industrial & Infrastructural Development Corporation, Department of Town and Country Planning and the Deputy Commissioner’s Office.^{[citation needed]}

The Gurugram Metropolitan Development Authority (GMDA) has been proposed to be set up for better governance. A draft bill for its establishment was put in public domain in November 2016. The GMDA is proposed to be established in 2017.^[17]

Agriculture

Haryana constitutes 1.5% of India's area, yet contributes 15% of its agricultural produce, which has grown 7 times^[vague] since the founding of Haryana in 1966.^[18] About 86% of the area in the state is arable, and of that 96% is cultivated.^{[citation needed]} About 75% of the area is irrigated, through tubewells and an extensive system of canals.^{[citation needed]}

Haryana contributed significantly to the Green Revolution in India^{[according to whom?]} in the 1970s that made the country self-sufficient in food production.^{[citation needed]} The state has also significantly contributed to the field of agricultural education in the country.^{[citation needed]}

Haryana's agriculture GDP contribution to the nation's agricultural GDP is 14.1% and HAU Hisar in Haryana is Asia's largest agricultural university.^[19] Maharana Pratap Horticultural University was established in 2016. In 2017-18, out of total 1,350 canal tails, 1343 tails have been fully fed.^[20]

Dairy farming

Dairy farming is an essential part of the rural economy. Haryana has a livestock population of 10  million head.^[19] Milk and milk products form an essential part of the local diet. There is a saying^{[from whom?]} "Desaan main des Haryana, jit doodh dahi ka khaana", which means "Best among all the countries in the world is Haryana, where the staple food is milk and yogurt".^{[citation needed]}

Haryana, with 1182 grams of availability of milk per capita per day, is ranked number one in the country compared to the national average of 232 grams.^[21][22]

There is a vast network of milk societies that support the dairy industry. The National Dairy Research Institute^[23] at Karnal, and the Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes at Hisar are instrumental in development of new breeds of cattle and propagation of these breeds through embryo transfer technology.

Manufacturing

There are numerous manufacturing companies in the region. These include Hindustan National Glass, Maruti Udyog Limited, Escorts Group, Hero MotoCorp, Alcatel, Sony, Whirlpool India, Bharti Telecom, Liberty Shoes and HMT.

In addition, there are more than 80,000 small-scale industrial units in the state which cumulatively bring in a substantial income for the state and its people. For example, Yamunanagar district has a paper mill BILT, ISGEC and India's one of the largest sugar mill - Saraswati Sugar Mills.^{[citation needed]}

Haryana has a large production of cars, motorcycles, tractors, sanitary ware, glass container industry, gas stoves and scientific instruments.^{[citation needed]}

Faridabad is another big industrial part of Haryana.^[24] It is home to hundreds of large scale companies like Orient fans (C.K.Birla Group), JCB India Limited, Nirigemes, Agri Machinery Group (Escorts Group), Yamaha Motor India Pvt. Ltd., Whirlpool, ABB, Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, Knorr Bremse India Pvt. Ltd. There are thousands of medium and small scale units as well, such as Amrit Enterprises, McAma Industries.

Digital economy

By November 2017, the roll out of BharatNet was already completed in Haryana by providing impetus^[how?] to Make in India and Digital India.^[25]

The total exports from district Gurgaon in Information Technology and IT-enabled services industry has touched Rs 18,000 crore at the end of FY'08.

In the year 2006-07, the software export from Gurgaon was Rs 15,000 crore whereas it was Rs 10,700 crore in 2005-06.