Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria
Queen of Prussia from 1840 to 1861
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Princess Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria (13 November 1801 – 14 December 1873) was queen of Prussia as the wife of King Frederick William IV. By birth, she was a Bavarian princess from the House of Wittelsbach; she was related to the ruling houses of Austria and Saxony through the marriages of her sisters. She supported her husband's interests in art and made charitable donations.
Munich, Electorate of Bavaria, Holy Roman Empire
Dresden, Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire
| Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria | |
|---|---|
Elisabeth Ludovika c. 1861 | |
| Queen consort of Prussia | |
| Tenure | 7 June 1840 – 2 January 1861 |
| Born | 13 November 1801 Munich, Electorate of Bavaria, Holy Roman Empire |
| Died | 14 December 1873 (aged 72) Dresden, Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire |
| Burial | Crypt of the Church of Peace, Potsdam[1] |
| Spouse | |
| House | Wittelsbach |
| Father | Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria |
| Mother | Caroline of Baden |
Biography
Early life
Elisabeth was born in Munich, the daughter of King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and his Queen Friederike Karoline Wilhelmine Margravine of Baden.[2] She was the identical twin sister of Queen Amalie of Saxony, consort of King John I of Saxony, and sister of Archduchess Sophie of Austria, mother of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico; as well as Ludovika, Duchess in Bavaria, mother of Franz Josef's consort, Empress Elisabeth of Austria (Sisi), who was Elisabeth's godchild and namesake. She was known within her family as Elise.
Crown Princess
On 29 November 1823, she married the future King Frederick William IV of Prussia[2] and supported his intellectual interests, namely his attempts at artwork, which he held dear to his heart. She refused to become a Protestant as a condition of her marriage, to ascend the throne of Prussia next to the future king, insisting that she would only convert if she was convinced on the merits of the reformed faith after studying it for herself.[3] It was on 5 May 1830, seven years after her marriage, that Elisabeth formally converted to Protestantism.[4] Her union was reportedly happy, but remained childless: after a single miscarriage in 1828, Elisabeth was unable to have any offspring.[5]
Queen
Becoming Queen consort of Prussia in 1840, she was never without influence in Prussian politics, where she was active in preserving the close friendship between Prussia and the Austrian Empire.
To Frederick William IV, she was an exemplary wife and, during his long illness, a dedicated nurse. She was initially hostile to her nephew's British wife, Victoria, Princess Royal, known within the family as Vicky, but their relationship thawed when Vicky took care of Elisabeth and comforted her during the early painful days of her widowhood. Elisabeth never forgot Vicky's kindness and in her will broke with tradition by leaving Vicky her jewels. According to tradition, these jewels were normally meant to have been bequeathed to the current Queen, (Augusta of Saxe-Weimar, Elisabeth's sister-in-law, who was by then Prussian Queen and German Empress); Augusta felt insulted by this, and never forgave Vicky.
Queen Dowager
After her husband's death on 2 January 1861, Elisabeth lived quietly at her seats at Sanssouci, Charlottenburg, and Stolzenfels and dedicated herself to charity work in memory of her late husband. Her brother-in-law, William I, German Emperor, held her in high regard as a true friend.
In 1865, Princess Elisabeth would cross paths with the future Field Marshal and President Paul von Hindenburg, who served as her page. For his service, the Princess gifted the young man a pocket watch, a cherished possession he would carry with him for the rest of his life. According to von Hindenburg's memoirs, it served as his "companion" throughout his service in the Austro-Prussian War, the Franco-Prussian War, and World War I.[6]
Elisabeth died in 1873 in Dresden during a visit to her sister, Queen Amalie of Saxony.[2] She was buried next to her husband on 21 December at the Friedenskirche in Potsdam.[1]
