Singh began shooting in 2014 and in 2015, she became the Telangana state champion in 10m air pistol category. She then defeated the Commonwealth Games and Youth Olympics gold-medalist Manu Bhaker and multi-medalist Heena Sidhu in 62nd National Shooting Championships at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala by winning gold in 10m Air Pistol event becoming the youngest champion in the senior category as a 13-year-old. She also won gold medals in youth and junior categories.[1][2][3] At the second edition of Khelo India Youth Games in January 2019, Singh won gold medal in the 10m air pistol event in the under-17 category.
She won silver medal at the ISSF Junior World Cup at Suhl, Germany in 2019 and two gold medals at the Asian Junior championships in 10m air pistol women (AP60W) and 10m air pistol mixed team (APMIX).[4]
Singh won gold at the Asian Airgun Championships in Taoyuan, Taiwan in March–April, 2019 in the junior category of 10m air pistol event.[5] In November 2019, Singh went on to win individual and mixed team gold medals at Asian Shooting Championship in Doha in 10m air pistol (junior) event.[6]
Singh was also selected for India's core training team for the 2020 Summer Olympics,[7] but failed to finish among the top two to qualify for the Olympics in the qualification event held in February 2020.[7]
At the age of 18, she won four medals at the 2022 Asian Games, including the gold medal in the 25m pistol team event for India and an individual silver medal in the 25m pistol event.[8] She became the 25m junior world champion at the 2022 ISSF World Shooting Championships in Cairo.
She clinched an Olympic quota berth in the 10m air pistol category for the 2024 Summer Olympics at the Asian Qualifier at Jakarta on 8 January 2024.[9] She represented India in the women's 25 m pistol event at the 2024 Paris Olympics, finishing 18th in the qualification round.
On 4 February 2026, Esha won the gold medal in the 10m air pistol event at the Asian Shooting Championships, held at the Dr. Karni Singh Shooting Range. She secured the title with a final score of 239.8 points, winning her second individual gold medal in the event, having also won in 2024. Additionally, Esha led the Indian team to a gold medal in 10m air pistol team event as well alongside teammates Manu Bhaker and Suruchi Singh.[10]
