Exodus of the Pied-Noirs
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The exodus of the Pied-Noirs, or Exodus of the French from Algeria, refers to the wave of migration experienced around 1962 by the Pied-Noir community from Algeria, primarily to France. The French settlements in Algeria were then the result of the French conquest of Algeria beginning in 1830.
In 1959, the Pied-Noir population numbered 1,025,000, representing 10.4% of the population living in Algeria.[1] And a population of 200,000 Jews.[2] The fear of reprisals by the Algerian Liberation Movement against their community was widespread.[3][4] In the summer of 1962, almost 800,000 French settlers fled Algeria for exile in France.[5][6][7] Including 100,000 Jews[8] and 200,000 pro French Algerians.[9]
In 2022 president Emmanuel Macron met with Algerian born French citizens that came to France, and stated that a 1962 shooting by French troops against them was “unforgivable for the republic”. It marked the beginning of the mass exodus.[10][11] He also stated "On that day, French soldiers, poorly commanded and deployed against their will, fired on French people ... That day was a massacre," and acknowledged a second massacre in Oran in the same year.[12]