Expression of concern
Publisher's note regarding concerns raised about a publication
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In academic publishing, an expression of concern is a notice issued by a publisher against a particular publication, warning that it may contain errors or be otherwise untrustworthy.[1]
Definitions
Expressions of concern are part of the post-publication process used to maintain the integrity of the scientific record. They are typically issued when credible allegations regarding the validity or ethics of a study arise, but conclusive evidence is not yet available to justify a retraction or correction. In such cases, journal editors may publish a statement indicating that concerns have been raised and that the article is under investigation.[2]
Guidelines and editorial practices
Publishing practices around expressions of concern vary between journals and publishers. The Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) recommends their use when:[2]
- There is inconclusive evidence of research or publication misconduct.
- There is evidence that the findings are unreliable, but the authors' institution has not investigated or refused to investigate.
- An investigation is ongoing and a judgment is not yet available.
The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors also acknowledges the role of expressions of concern in its 2019 recommendations that a publisher may choose to issue an expression of concern while an investigation of alleged scientific misconduct is ongoing, and pending its outcome.[3]
COPE further advises that expressions of concern should be clearly labeled, linked to the original article, and should explain the reasons for the concern without making definitive conclusions.
