Fall of Hatra
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- Sasanian victory
changes Kingdom of Hatra dissolved
| Siege of Hatra | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Second Mesopotamian campaign of Ardashir I | |||||||||
 The ruins of Hatra | |||||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
| Sasanian Empire |
Kingdom of Hatra Support: Roman Empire | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
| Ardashir I and/or Shapur I | Sanatruq II † | ||||||||
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The fall of Hatra, capital of the Kingdom of Hatra under Sanatruq II, took place in the 3rd century AD after a lengthy siege by the Sasanian king Shapur I. Hatra was plundered and abandoned, and its kingdom dissolved.
During the Roman-Persian Wars, the Kingdom of Hatra was a buffer state between the Roman Empire and the Parthian Empire, and the dynasty was mostly under influence of the latter. Its capital city Hatra was strongly fortified, and managed to repulse sieges by Roman emperors Trajan (in AD 117) and Septimius Severus (in 193 and 197). During the reign of Sanatruq II, the kingdom expanded, and as the Parthian Empire was succeeded by the Sasanian Empire, Hatra shifted its loyalty and became a vassal kingdom of the Romans. The Sasanian king Ardashir I unsuccessfully besieged the city in 220s. Latin dedications from the year 235 in Hatra's ruins suggest there was presence of Roman army in the city in that period.[1]