Diouf holds a doctorate in law with a doctoral thesis on illegal fishing and worked at the Directorate of the Merchant Navy and between 1998 and 2004 at the Directorate of Fisheries Protection and Surveillace.[1] She also worked as a legal advisor to the Ministry of Maritime Economy and the Ministry of Environment and Nature Protection between 2005 and 2012.[1] She has also worked for UNCITRAL, the European Union, the FAO, the UEMOA and ICCAT, and is a research professor and expert in maritime and fisheries law at Cheikh Anta Diop University.[2]
Following Bassirou Diomaye Faye's inauguration as the new president of Senegal, Diouf was appointed as the first female Minister of Fisheries and Maritime Economy on 6 April 2024, succeeding Pape Sagna Mbaye [fr], with one of her main challenges being the comprehensive reform of fisheries policy, which involves renegotiating fisheries agreements with the European Union and the fight against illegal fishing.[1][3] In May 2025, she expressed the government's commitment to supporting the transformation of artisanal fishing by guaranteeing sustainability and food sovereignty.[4]
In February 2026 she was elected vicepresident of the West and Central African Maritime Organisation.[5]