Federal districts of Russia

Federal subjects of Russia From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The federal districts (Russian: федеральные округа, IPA: [fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨjɪ ɐkrʊˈɡa]) are groupings of the federal subjects of Russia. Federal districts consist of a group of regions with various autonomy levels as per constitution, but the districts themselves are not mentioned by the constitution and are not autonomous, do not have administrative competences of their own, and do not manage regional affairs. They exist solely to monitor consistency between the federal and regional bodies of law, and ensure federal management of the civil service, judiciary, and federal agencies operating in the regions.[1] The federal district system was established on 13 May 2000.

The eight federal districts of Russia

List of federal districts

More information Date established, Area (km2) ...
Federal district[2][3] Date
established		 Area[4]
(km2)		 2021 census HDI (2021)[5] GRDP (2023)[6] Federal
subjects		 Administrative
centre		 Largest
city		 Map
Population per km2 Total Per capita
Central 13 May 2000 650,200 40,342,000 62 0.845 ₽54.102 trillion
($635 billion)		 ₽1,345,162
($15795)		 18 Moscow
Northwestern 13 May 2000 1,687,000 13,917,000 8 0.833 ₽19.262 trillion
($226 billion)		 ₽1,390,383
($16326)		 11 Saint Petersburg
Southern[a] 13 May 2000 427,800 16,746,000[b] 39 0.799 ₽9.816 trillion
($143 billion)		 ₽588,461
($8593)		 8 Rostov-on-Don Krasnodar
North Caucasian 19 January 2010 170,400 10,171,000 60 0.793 ₽3.569 trillion
($42 billion)		 ₽348,930
($4097)		 7 Pyatigorsk Makhachkala
Volga 13 May 2000 1,037,000 28,943,000 28 0.804 ₽22.013 trillion
($258 billion)		 ₽769,355
($9034)		 14 Nizhny Novgorod Kazan
Ural 13 May 2000 1,818,500 12,301,000 7 0.839 ₽23.044 trillion
($271 billion)		 ₽1,879,521
($22070)		 6 Yekaterinburg
Siberian 13 May 2000 4,361,800 16,793,000 4 0.794 ₽13.962 trillion
($164 billion)		 ₽840,764
($9873)		 10 Novosibirsk
Far Eastern 13 May 2000 6,952,600 7,976,000 1 0.808 ₽10.129 trillion
($119 billion)		 ₽1,284,545
($15084)		 11 Vladivostok Khabarovsk
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Source:[8]

  1. [a]
    Includes the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol, annexed by Russia in 2014, as well as Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk, and Zaporizhia oblasts annexed in 2022; recognized as parts of Ukraine by most of the international community.
  2. [b]
    Population figures from the Crimean Census in 2014.[7] Crimea was annexed by Russia in 2014, after the 2010 Russian Census.

History

The federal districts of Russia were established by a decree issued by President Vladimir Putin on 13 May 2000 to facilitate the federal government's control of the then 89 federal subjects across the country.[9][10]

On 19 January 2010, the new North Caucasian Federal District split from the Southern Federal District.[8]

In March 2014, after the annexation of Crimea, the Crimean Federal District was established.[11] The legality of this annexation is disputed by an overwhelming majority of countries.[12] On 28 July 2016 the Crimean Federal District was abolished and merged into the Southern Federal District in order to improve governance.[13]

In November 2018, Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai were moved from the Siberian Federal District to the Far Eastern Federal District in accordance with a decree issued by Putin.[14] The Administrative Centre of the Far Eastern Federal District relocated from Khabarovsk to Vladivostok in December 2018.[15]

Presidential plenipotentiary envoys

See also

References

External links

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