Fons Americanus

The work was 13 meters tall and was a fully functional fountain. The sculpture was made of cork, metal, and wood coated in jesmonite designed to be recyclable.^[3][4] The fountain includes sculptures evocative of the Atlantic slave trade and history of slavery in British colonies. These culminate in a female figure at the top of the fountain, from whose breasts and slashed throat the fountain's water originates.^[5]

The statues on the fountain deal with the slave trade and the impact of European settlement and exploitation on Africa and in the Caribbean.^[6] Walker has indicated that the Victoria Memorial on The Mall inspired her work; like Fons Americanus, the memorial includes allegorical statues, figures, and scenes.^[5]

Many of the sculptures on the fountain allude to other artistic works and to historical events. These include paintings such as John Singleton Copley's Watson and the Shark and Winslow Homer’s The Gulf Stream.^[3]

In a review for the Financial Times, Rachel Spence praised the work for "[rising] to the challenge" of the Turbine Hall.^[7] She further praised the use of water due to the noise it provides, comparing it favorably to "sound art" reliant on audio recordings.^[7]

The 2021 music video for "Don't Judge Me" by FKA twigs, Headie One, and Fred again.. featured Fons Americanus in several scenes.^[8] Co-director^[9] Emmanuel Adjei said, "In this audio-visual document we get to witness artists FKA twigs and Headie One, amongst other Black British influentials, fighting against invisible forces of judgement and oppression. Having the enormous Victorian-inspired fountain Fons Americanus by visual artist Kara Walker—depicting the historical, sorrowful story of slavery and colonization—as our setting, and particularly as the spirit of the film, this important monument creates another layer of depth and meaning to an invisible yet shared history."^[8]