Foreign relations of Djibouti

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Foreign relations of Djibouti are managed by the Djiboutian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. Djibouti maintains close ties with the governments of Somalia, Ethiopia, France and the United States. It is likewise an active participant in African Union, United Nations, Non-Aligned Movement, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and Arab League affairs.

Djibouti has been a member of The Forum of Small States (FOSS) since the group's founding in 1992.[1]

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Djibouti maintains diplomatic relations with:

More information #, Country ...
# Country Date
1 France 27 June 1977[2]
2 Pakistan 27 June 1977[3]
3 United States 27 June 1977[4]
4 Hungary 28 June 1977[5]
5 Syria June 1977[6]
6 Egypt 22 July 1977[7]
7 Oman 16 November 1977[8]
8 Saudi Arabia 7 December 1977[9]
9 South Korea 7 December 1977[10]
10 Czech Republic 8 December 1977[11]
11 Tunisia 1977[12]
12 Cameroon 22 January 1978[13]
13 Germany 23 January 1978[14]
14 Sudan 25 January 1978[15]
15 United Kingdom 25 January 1978[16]
16 Iraq 11 March 1978[17]
17 Morocco 14 March 1978[18]
18 Senegal 24 March 1978[19]
19 Russia 3 April 1978[20]
20 Iran 4 April 1978[21]
21 Canada 13 June 1978[22]
— State of Palestine 13 June 1978[23]
22 Romania 18 June 1978[24]
23 Belgium 19 June 1978[25]
24 Serbia 11 July 1978[26]
25 Libya 24 July 1978[2]
26 Guinea 7 August 1978[27]
27 Japan 24 August 1978[28]
28 Algeria 10 October 1978[29]
29 China 8 January 1979[30]
30 Somalia 4 June 1979[2]
31 Spain 25 June 1979[31]
32 Turkey 25 June 1979[32]
33 Indonesia 6 September 1979[33]
34 Ethiopia 15 December 1979[2]
35 India 24 December 1979[34]
36 Sweden 20 February 1980[35]
37 Poland 24 February 1980[36]
38 Yemen 13 March 1980[37]
39 Albania 2 April 1980[38]
40 Rwanda 3 April 1980[2]
41 Italy 19 June 1980[39]
42 Tanzania 3 December 1980[40]
43 Netherlands 10 February 1981[41]
44 Lebanon 11 March 1981[42]
45 United Arab Emirates 26 December 1981[43]
46 Kuwait 31 October 1982[44]
47  Switzerland 23 December 1982[45]
48 Austria 18 January 1983[46]
49 Bahrain 6 February 1983[47]
50 Singapore 15 September 1983[48]
51 Bangladesh 25 September 1983[49]
52 Kenya 13 March 1984[2]
53 Comoros 29 March 1984[2]
54 Jordan 3 April 1984[2]
55 Burundi 13 December 1984[2]
56 Republic of the Congo February 1985[50]
57 Greece 21 October 1985[51]
58 Thailand 1 April 1986[52]
59 Uganda 20 January 1988[2]
60 Mexico 22 June 1989[53]
61 Nigeria 12 July 1989[2]
62 Vietnam 30 April 1991[54]
63 Seychelles 3 February 1993[2]
64 North Korea 13 June 1993[55]
65 Eritrea 11 July 1993[56]
66 Argentina 27 August 1993[57]
67 Norway 20 January 1995[58]
68 South Africa 7 February 1996[59]
69 Portugal 29 March 1996[57]
70 Azerbaijan 22 October 1996[57]
71 Brazil 22 October 1996[57]
72 North Macedonia 12 June 1997[57]
73 Philippines 16 February 1998[60]
74 Malaysia 3 August 1998[2]
75 Colombia 30 September 1998[57]
76 Cuba 20 November 1998[57]
77 Lithuania 9 June 1999[57]
78 Madagascar 13 August 1999[2]
— Holy See 20 May 2000[61]
79 Georgia 22 November 2000[57]
80 Slovakia 22 November 2000[57]
81 Luxembourg 14 June 2001[62]
82 Ireland 6 July 2001[57]
83 Denmark 10 December 2002[63]
84 Estonia 16 June 2005[64]
85 Iceland 19 July 2005[57]
86 Venezuela 8 October 2005[65]
87 Zambia 11 December 2006[66]
88 Slovenia 14 December 2006[57]
89 Chad 8 January 2007[67]
90 Bulgaria 13 February 2007[68]
91 Botswana 14 March 2007[2]
92 Finland 14 March 2007[57]
93 Democratic Republic of the Congo 26 March 2007[69]
94 Uruguay 12 February 2008[57]
95 Maldives 7 April 2008[70]
96 Benin 16 June 2008[2]
97 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 7 August 2008[57]
98 Andorra 17 March 2009[57]
99 Bosnia and Herzegovina 17 March 2009[57]
100 Ukraine 17 March 2009[57]
101 Niger 20 April 2009[71]
102 Australia 23 April 2009[72]
103 Panama 15 December 2009[73]
104 Kazakhstan 5 May 2010[74]
105 Paraguay 22 July 2010[57]
106 Fiji 16 September 2010[57]
107 Chile 22 January 2011[75]
108 Dominican Republic 8 March 2011[57]
109 Montenegro 6 October 2011[57]
110 Monaco 1 December 2011[76]
111 South Sudan 11 February 2012[77]
112 Ghana 12 March 2012[78]
113 Latvia 30 March 2012[79]
114 Brunei 9 November 2012[80]
115 Mali 12 November 2012[81]
— Kosovo 19 May 2013[82]
116 Belarus 26 August 2013[83]
117 Burkina Faso 16 December 2013[84]
118 Kyrgyzstan 3 June 2015[85]
119 Sri Lanka 16 November 2015[86]
120 Ecuador 20 November 2015[57]
121 Mongolia 20 January 2016[57]
122 Togo 14 February 2016[87]
123 Cambodia 28 April 2016[57]
124 Ivory Coast 28 April 2016[57]
125 New Zealand 1 October 2016[88]
126 Mauritius 12 December 2016[57]
127 Mauritania 15 February 2017[89]
128 Tajikistan 17 March 2017[57]
129 Namibia 15 May 2017[90]
130 Croatia 22 May 2017[57]
131 Turkmenistan 4 July 2017[91]
132   Nepal 14 July 2017[57]
133 Dominica 9 January 2018[92]
134 Guatemala 28 February 2018[93]
135 Peru 28 February 2018[94]
136 Malta 26 June 2018[57]
137 Equatorial Guinea 9 October 2018[95]
138 Armenia 22 May 2019[96]
139 Nicaragua 9 September 2019[57]
140 Saint Kitts and Nevis 20 February 2020[57]
141 Suriname 21 February 2020[57]
142 Moldova 9 October 2020[57]
143 Gambia 1 July 2021[97]
144 Angola 24 January 2022[98]
145 Uzbekistan 2 May 2024[99]
146 El Salvador 6 December 2024[57]
147 Zimbabwe 20 January 2025[100]
148 Central African Republic 18 March 2025[101][102]
149 Bahamas 23 September 2025[103]
150 Trinidad and Tobago 25 March 2026[104]
151 Eswatini 17 June 2026[105]
152 Gabon 24 June 2026[106]
153 Malawi Unknown[107]
154 Qatar Unknown
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Bilateral relations

Africa

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Eritrea11 July 1993[108] See Djibouti–Eritrea relations
  • Djibouti has an embassy in Asmara.
  • Eritrea has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Ethiopia15 December 1979 See Djibouti–Ethiopia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 December 1979.[40]

Kenya13 March 1984 See Djibouti–Kenya relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 March 1984.[40]

  • Djibouti has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Morocco14 March 1978 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 March 1978[18]
  • Djibouti has an embassy in Rabat.
  • Morocco has a consulate in Djibouti City.
Somalia4 June 1979 See Djibouti–Somalia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 June 1979.[40]

  • Djibouti has an embassy in Mogadishu.
  • Somalia has an embassy in Djibouti City.
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Americas

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Brazil22 October 1996 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 October 1996[109]
  • Brazil and Djibouti established diplomatic relations in 1996. In 2012, an Agreement on Technical Cooperation between the two countries was signed cooperation focus on areas of infrastructure, agriculture, environment, health, education, national solidarity, scientific research, and social development. A Brazilian company was building a port in the Djibouti funding from the United Arab Emirates.[110]
Canada13 June 1978
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 June 1978 when the first Ambassador of Canada to Djibouti presented his credentials.[111] Canada also has an Honorary Consul in Djibouti City. Both Montreal and Ottawa are home to organized Djiboutian diaspora communities, and there is an active community of returned Djiboutian-Canadians in Djibouti.[112]
Cuba20 November 1998 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 November 1998[113]
  • Djibouti has an embassy in Havana.
  • Cuba has a consulate in Djibouti City.[114]
Mexico22 June 1989Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 June 1989[115]
  • Djibouti is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Havana, Cuba.
  • Mexico is accredited to Djibouti from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and maintains an honorary consulate in Djibouti City.[116]
United States27 June 1977 See Djibouti-United States relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 June 1977.[117]

  • Djibouti is a strategic partner of the United States in the Global War on Terrorism.
  • Djibouti has an embassy in Washington, D.C. and a consulate-general in New York City.
  • United States has an embassy in Djibouti City.
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Asia

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Azerbaijan22 October 1996 See Azerbaijan–Djibouti relations
  • Diplomatic relations between Azerbaijan and Djibouti were established on 22 October 1996.[118]
China8 January 1979[119] See China–Djibouti relations
  • Djibouti has an embassy in Beijing.
  • China has an embassy in Djibouti City.
India7 December 1981 See Djibouti–India relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 December 1981[120]

  • Djibouti has an embassy in New Delhi.
  • India has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Indonesia1979
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1979, Djibouti is represented in Indonesia through its embassy in Tokyo, Japan. Indonesia is accredited to Djibouti through its embassy in Addis Ababa.[121]
Iran1978
  • In July 1998, Iran and Djibouti signed a letter of understanding to consolidate their political, economic, trade, and industrial ties, but in January 2016 Djibouti cut off all diplomatic relations with Iran due to tensions between Saudi Arabia and Iran. The two countries restored diplomatic ties on 22 September 2023.[122]
Japan24 August 1978 See Djibouti–Japan relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 August 1978.[123]

  • Djibouti has an embassy in Tokyo.
  • Japan has an embassy in Djibouti City.
  • Japan's Maritime Self-Defense Force(MSDF) maintains an overseas military base in Djibouti since 2011. Japanese forces in Djibouti is tasked to escort ships and combat piracy on the Gulf of Aden and Red Sea.
Kuwait31 October 1982 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 October 1982[124]
  • Djibouti has an embassy in Kuwait City.
  • Kuwait has a consulate in Djibouti City.
Philippines26 February 1998 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 February 1998[125]
  • Djibouti is accredited to the Philippines from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.
Qatar
  • Djibouti has an embassy in Doha.
  • Qatar has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Saudi Arabia7 December 1977 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 December 1977[126]
  • Djibouti has an embassy in Riyadh.
  • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Singapore15 September 1983
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 September 1983.[127] Djibouti is accredited to Singapore from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.[128]
South Korea7 December 1977 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 December 1977[129]
  • Bilateral trade in 2011 amounted to $47,390,000 in exports, and $9,000 in imports.[130]
Turkey25 June 1979[131]See also Djibouti–Turkey relations
  • Djibouti has an embassy in Ankara.[132]
  • Turkey has an embassy in Djibouti City.[132]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was US$252 million in 2019.[132]
Uzbekistan
  • Djibouti recognized the independence of Uzbekistan on 6 January 1992. However both countries have not yet established diplomatic relations.[133]
Vietnam30 April 1991
Yemen13 March 1980 See Djibouti - Yemen relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 March 1980.[135]

Relations between Yemen and Djibouti are good, and cooperation takes place on many levels. A causeway between the two countries has been proposed.

  • Djibouti has an embassy in Sana'a.
  • Yemen has an embassy in Djibouti City.
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Europe

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Denmark
  • Denmark is accredited to Djibouti from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.[136]
  • Djibouti is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium.[137]
Finland14 March 2007 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 March 2007[138]
  • Finland is accredited to Djibouti from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.[139]
  • Djibouti is accredited to Finland from its embassy in Moscow, Russia.[140]
France6 July 1977 See Djibouti–France relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 July 1977.[141]

  • Djibouti has an embassy in Paris.
  • France has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Germany23 January 1978 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 January 1978[142]
  • Djibouti has an embassy in Berlin.
  • Germany has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Greece1981
  • Greece has an honorary consulate in Djibouti City.
  • Greek-Djiboutian relations are particularly friendly. The Greek community in Djibouti has significantly contributed to that.[143]
Iceland19 July 2005 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 July 2005[144]
  • Iceland is accredit to Djibouti from its embassy in Kampala, Uganda.[145]
Ireland6 July 2001 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 July 2001[146]
  • Ireland is accredit to Djibouti from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.[147][148]
Kosovo22 March 2013
  • Djibouti officially recognised the independence of the Republic of Kosovo on 8 May 2010.[149] On 22 March 2013 Djibouti and Kosovo established diplomatic relations and vowed to strengthen bilateral co-operation with one another.[150]
Romania18 May 1978
Russia3 April 1978 See Djibouti–Russia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 April 1978[152]

  • Djibouti has an embassy in Moscow.
  • Russia has an embassy in Djibouti City.
Serbia11 July 1978 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 July 1978[153]
  • Serbia has an honorary consulate in Djibouti City.[154]
Spain25 June 1979[155] * Djibouti is accredited to Spain from its embassy in Paris, France.
  • Spain is accredited to Djibouti from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Sweden20 February 1980 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 February 1980, when first ambassador of Sweden to Djibouti Arne Helleryd presented his credentials to President of Djibouti Hassan Gouled Aptidon[156]
  • Djibouti is accredited to Sweden from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium.[157]
  • Sweden is accredited to Djibouti from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.[158]
 Switzerland23 December 1982 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 December 1982[159]
  • Djibouti has an embassy in Geneva.
  • Switzerland has an honorary consulate in Djibouti City.
United Kingdom25 January 1978
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 January 1978, when first Ambassador of the United Kingdom to Djibouti Mr. Benjamin Strachan presented his letters of credentials to President of Djibouti Hassan Gouled Aptidon[160]
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Oceania

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Australia
  • Djibouti is accredited to Australia through its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.[161]
New Zealand
  • Djibouti is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.[162]
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International organisations

Djibouti is a member of the African Union, Arab League, La Francophonie, Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa, and the United Nations.

In 1996, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), a developmental organisation of seven countries in East Africa, established its headquarters in Djibouti City. IGAD's mandate is for regional cooperation and economic integration.

After the terror attacks of 11 September 2001, Djibouti joined the Global War on Terror. It is now home to the Camp Lemonnier military compound.

Djibouti is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the US-military (as covered under Article 98).

See also

Notes

References

External links

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