Foreign relations of Equatorial Guinea

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The government's official policy is one of nonalignment. In its search for assistance to meet the goal of national reconstruction, the government of Equatorial Guinea has established diplomatic relations with numerous European and Third World countries. Having achieved independence under UN sponsorship, Equatorial Guinea feels a special kinship with that organization. It became the 126th UN member on November 12, 1968. Equatorial Guinea served as a non-permanent member on the United Nations Security Council from 2017 to 2019.

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Equatorial Guinea maintains diplomatic relations with:

More information #, Country ...
# Country Date[1]
1 Spain 12 October 1968[2]
2 Cameroon 27 October 1968[3]
3  Switzerland 4 November 1968[4]
4 Japan 12 November 1968[5]
5 United States 21 November 1968[6]
6 Philippines 28 November 1968[7]
7 Russia 7 December 1968[8]
8 Gabon 1968[9]
9 India 1968[10]
10 Israel 1968[11]
11 Nigeria 25 January 1969[12]
12 North Korea 30 January 1969[13]
13 Egypt 15 April 1969[14]
14 United Kingdom 23 June 1969[15]
15 France 10 July 1969[16]
16 Netherlands 1969[17]
17 Sweden 1969[18]
18 Hungary 18 February 1970[19]
19 Serbia 18 May 1970[20]
20 Czech Republic 22 July 1970[21]
21 China 15 October 1970[22]
22 Ethiopia 1970[23]
23 Ghana 4 June 1971[24]
24 Republic of the Congo 12 July 1971[25]
25 Bulgaria 15 September 1971[26]
26 Chile 8 November 1971[27]
27 Romania 9 March 1972[28]
28 Vietnam 1 September 1972[29]
29 Albania 30 November 1972[30][31]
30 Cuba 27 December 1972[32]
31 Tunisia 1972[33]
32 Belgium 12 December 1973[34]
33 Argentina 26 April 1974[35]
34 Central African Republic 24 January 1975[36]
35 Brazil 26 May 1975[37]
36 Mexico 26 September 1975[38]
37 Cape Verde 1975[39]
38 Austria 1 March 1976[40]
39 Portugal 9 May 1977
40 Guinea 1977[41]
41 Algeria 9 November 1978[42]
42 Poland 29 May 1979[43]
43 South Korea 14 September 1979[44]
44 Morocco 17 April 1980[45]
45 Canada 20 August 1980[46]
46 Ecuador 8 September 1980[47]
47 Turkey 16 September 1980[48][49]
48 Liberia 1980[50]
49 Benin 10 April 1981[51]
50 Peru 28 April 1981[52]
51 Costa Rica April 1981[53]
52 Colombia 6 May 1981[54]
53 Venezuela 7 May 1981[55]
54 Panama 13 May 1981[56]
55 Uruguay 15 September 1981[57]
— Holy See 24 December 1981[58]
56 São Tomé and Príncipe 1981[59]
57 Angola 1982[60]
58 Sierra Leone March 1983[61]
59 Nicaragua 20 September 1984
60 Italy 8 March 1985[62]
61 Bolivia 21 October 1987
62 Kuwait 1988[63]
63 Pakistan 9 October 1990[64]
64 Thailand 15 February 1991[65]
65 Ukraine 18 May 1992[66]
66 Armenia 19 May 1992[67]
67 Belarus 25 May 1992[68]
68 Turkmenistan 8 December 1992[69]
69 Seychelles 14 April 1993
70 South Africa 5 May 1993[70]
71 Mali 4 November 1993[71]
72 Burkina Faso 1993[72]
— Sovereign Military Order of Malta 16 July 1996[73]
73 Luxembourg 17 April 1997[74]
74 Slovakia 7 December 1997[75]
75 Iran 20 July 1998[76]
76 Dominican Republic 24 November 1999[77]
77 Libya 11 February 2001[78]
78 Malaysia November 2001[79]
79 North Macedonia 9 July 2002
80 Mauritius 26 May 2004
81 Zimbabwe 2 June 2004[80]
82 Iceland 10 September 2004
83 Azerbaijan 11 November 2004
84 Paraguay 3 November 2005
85 Guatemala 8 December 2006
86 Botswana 13 December 2006[81]
87 Norway 30 March 2007[82]
88 Croatia 18 October 2007
89 Estonia 18 December 2007
90 Cyprus 29 February 2008
91 Finland 30 April 2008
92 Haiti 24 June 2008[83]
— State of Palestine 11 July 2008[84]
93 Latvia 13 November 2008
94 Lebanon 21 November 2008
95 Monaco 16 June 2009[85]
96 Australia 23 July 2009
97 Bosnia and Herzegovina 24 February 2010
98 Slovenia 26 May 2010
99 Georgia 23 June 2010
100 Cambodia 30 June 2010
101 Rwanda 29 July 2010[86]
102 Ivory Coast 12 August 2010[87]
103 Germany 6 September 2010[88]
104 Mozambique 13 July 2011[89]
105 Namibia 3 August 2011[90]
106 Fiji 6 October 2011
107 Saudi Arabia 12 October 2011[91]
108 Suriname 12 January 2012
109 Burundi 23 May 2012[92]
110 Comoros 29 August 2012[93]
111 Mauritania 6 October 2012[94]
112 Mongolia 20 February 2014
113 Denmark 7 November 2014[95]
114 Timor-Leste 2014[96]
115 Senegal 19 February 2015[97]
116 Eswatini 19 February 2015[97]
117 Jamaica 18 May 2015
118 South Sudan 8 October 2015[98]
119 Indonesia 22 September 2016[99]
120 Togo 7 October 2016[100]
121 Sudan 19 December 2016[101]
122 Kazakhstan 24 May 2017
123 Uganda 19 February 2018[102]
124 Singapore 11 April 2018
125 Zambia 19 April 2018[103]
126 Maldives 21 May 2018
127 Tajikistan 21 May 2018
128 Kyrgyzstan 7 June 2018[104]
129 Djibouti 9 October 2018[105]
130 Guinea-Bissau 22 November 2018[106]
131 Liechtenstein 2018[107]
132   Nepal 30 April 2019
133 United Arab Emirates 13 July 2019[108]
134 Greece 13 February 2020[109]
135 Honduras 31 July 2020[110]
136 Qatar 7 April 2021
137 Bangladesh 7 April 2022[111]
138 Gambia 29 May 2022[112]
139 El Salvador 18 September 2023[113]
140 Saint Kitts and Nevis 22 September 2023[114]
141 Oman 1 April 2024
142 Bahrain 24 September 2024
143 Jordan 17 January 2025
144 Tanzania 28 March 2025[115]
145 Madagascar 31 March 2026[116]
146 Chad Unknown
147 Democratic Republic of the Congo Unknown
148 Iraq Unknown
149 Kenya Unknown
150 Niger Unknown
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Bilateral relations

Africa

More information Country, Formal relations established ...
Country Formal relations established Notes
Cameroon27 October 1968

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 October 1968[117]

In December 2008, Equatorial Guinea security forces killed a Cameroonian fisherman and abducted two immigrants, Cameroon closed its border in response.[118]

  • Cameroon has an embassy in Malabo and a consulate in Bata.
Congo-Brazzaville12 July 1971Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 July 1971 when first Ambassador of Equatorial Guinea to People's Republic of the Congo Mr. Clemente Aqueda presented his cedentials to President Ngouabi[119]
  • Congo-Brazzavile has an embassy in Malabo.
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Brazzaville.
Gabon1968Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1968[9]
  • Gabon has an embassy in Malabo.
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Libreville and a consulate-general in Oyem.
South Africa5 May 1993Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 May 1993[120]
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Pretoria.
  • South Africa has an embassy in Malabo.
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Americas

More information Country, Formal relations established ...
Country Formal relations established Notes
Canada20 August 1980Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 August 1980[121]
  • Canada is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its high commission in Abuja, Nigeria.[122]
  • Equatorial Guinea is accredited to Canada from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City.
Mexico26 September 1975See Equatorial Guinea–Mexico relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 1975[38]

  • Equatorial Guinea is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.[123]
  • Mexico is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its embassy in Abuja, Nigeria.[124]
United States21 November 1968See Equatorial Guinea–United States relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 November 1968, diplomatic relations suspension from 14 March 1976 to 19 December 1979.[125]

Embassy of Equatorial Guinea in Washington, D.C.

In 1995, the United States closed its embassy, ostensibly for budget reasons, though the ambassador of the time had been accused of witchcraft, and had criticised the human rights situation. In 1996, offshore oil began flowing, and, with several US oil companies present in the country, the US reopened the embassy in October 2003. The US has sought to encourage the progress of human rights to the country by addressing its concerns directly to the government, as well as holding seminars for better police conduct and judicial conferences with US judges to improve the rule of law.[126] The US State Department on relations between United States and Equatorial Guinea remarks:"Equatorial Guinea’s hydrocarbon riches dwarf all other economic activity; the country’s oil reserves are located mainly in the Gulf of Guinea. U.S. oil companies are one of Equatorial Guinea’s largest investors, and they have a lead role in oil and gas exploration and extraction. Equatorial Guinea’s exports to the U.S. are dominated by petroleum products. In an effort to attract increased U.S. investment, U.S. passport-holders are entitled to visa-free entry. Imports from the U.S. include machinery, iron and steel products, optic and medical instruments, and inorganic chemical and rare earth minerals. The U.S. is following closely Equatorial Guinea’s discussions with The International Monetary Fund on a possible program aiming to reduce the fiscal deficit, increase non-oil revenue, address public financial management weaknesses (while protecting social spending), and improve governance and transparency in public administration and the hydrocarbon sector."[127]

  • United States has an embassy in Malabo.[128]
Venezuela7 May 1981See Equatorial Guinea–Venezuela relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 May 1981[55]

  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Caracas.
  • Venezuela has an embassy in Malabo.
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Asia

More information Country, Formal relations established ...
Country Formal relations established Notes
China15 October 1970See China–Equatorial Guinea relations

The People's Republic of China and the Republic of Equatorial Guinea established diplomatic relations on October 15, 1970.[22]

  • China has an embassy in Malabo and a consulate-general in Bata.
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Beijing.
India1968See Equatorial Guinea–India relations
  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in New Delhi.
  • India has an embassy in Malabo.
North Korea30 January 1969See Equatorial Guinea–North Korea relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 January 1969[129]

  • Equatorial Guinea is accredited to North Korea from its embassy in Beijing, China.
  • North Korea has an embassy in Malabo.
South Korea14 September 1979Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 September 1979[130]
  • Equatorial Guinea is accredited to South Korea from its embassy in Beijing, China.
  • South Korea is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its embassy in Libreville, Gabon.
Turkey16 September 1980See Equatorial Guinea–Turkey relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 September 1980[48][49]

  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Ankara.[131]
  • Turkey has an embassy in Malabo.[131]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was US$23.8 million in 2019 (Guinean exports/imports: 3.6/20.2 million USD).[131]
  • There are direct flights from Istanbul to Malabo since 7 February 2020.[131]
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Europe

More information Country, Formal relations established ...
Country Formal relations established Notes
Germany7 June 1969See Equatorial Guinea–Germany relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 June 1969[132]

  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Berlin.
  • Germany has an embassy in Malabo.
Russia7 December 1968See Equatorial Guinea–Russia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 December 1968[8]

  • Equatorial Guinea has an embassy in Moscow.
  • Russia is accredited to Equatorial Guinea from its embassy in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Spain12 October 1968See Equatorial Guinea–Spain relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 October 1968[133]

A transitional agreement, signed in October 1968, implemented a Spanish preindependence decision to assist Equatorial Guinea and provided for the temporary maintenance of Spanish military forces there. A dispute with President Francisco Macías Nguema in 1969 led to a request that all Spanish troops immediately depart, and many civilians left at the same time. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were never broken but were suspended by Spain in March 1977 in the wake of renewed disputes. After Macías' fall in 1979, President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo asked for Spanish assistance, and since then, Spain has regained influence in Equatorial Guinea's diplomatic relations. The two countries signed permanent agreements for economic and technical cooperation, private concessions, and trade relations. President Obiang made an official visit to Madrid in March 2001, and senior Spanish Foreign Ministry officials visited Malabo during 2001 as well. Spain maintained a bilateral assistance program in Equatorial Guinea. Some Equato-Guinean opposition elements are based in Spain to the annoyance of the government in Malabo.

United Kingdom20 June 1969Foreign relations of the United Kingdom

The UK established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 20 June 1969.[136]

  • Equatorial Guinea does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom; the Equatoguinean government closed its embassy in London.[137]
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to Equatorial Guinea through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Yaoundé, Cameroon.[138]

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact.[139]

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See also

References

External links

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