Foreign relations of Tanzania

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Tanzania's first president, Julius Nyerere also was one of the founding members of the Non-Aligned Movement, and, during the Cold War era, Tanzania played an important role in regional and international organisations, such as the Non-Aligned Movement, the front-line states, the G-77, and the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) (now the African Union). One of Africa's best-known elder statesmen, Nyerere was personally active in many of these organisations, and served chairman of the OAU (1984–85) and chairman of six front-line states concerned with eliminating apartheid in Southern Africa. Nyerere was also involved with peace negotiations in Burundi until his death. Nyerere's death, on 14 October 1999, is still commemorated annually.

Tanzania, officially known as the United Republic of Tanzania, enjoys good relations with its neighbours in the region and in recent years has been an active participant in efforts to promote the peaceful resolution of disputes. Tanzania is helping to broker peace talks to end conflict in Burundi and supports the Lusaka agreement concerning the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In March 1996, Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya revived discussion of economic and regional cooperation. These talks culminated with the signing of an East African Cooperation Treaty in September 1999, which should in time lead to economic integration through the development of the East African Community. Tanzania is the only country in East Africa which also is a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC).

Historically, Tanzania has played an active role in hosting refugees from neighbouring countries including Mozambique, DR Congo, Burundi, and Rwanda. This normally has been done in partnership with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Tanzania maintains diplomatic relations with:

More information #, Country ...
# Country Date
1 Nigeria 6 December 1961[1]
2 Canada 9 December 1961[2]
3 China 9 December 1961[3]
4 Germany 9 December 1961[4]
5 India 9 December 1961[5]
6 Italy 9 December 1961[6]
7 Japan 9 December 1961[7]
8 Serbia 9 December 1961[8]
9 United Kingdom 9 December 1961[9]
10 United States 9 December 1961[10]
11 Russia 10 December 1961[11]
12 Czech Republic 12 December 1961[12]
13 Philippines 15 December 1961[13]
14 Israel 20 December 1961[14]
15 France 22 December 1961[15]
16 Ghana 4 January 1962[16][17]
17 Poland 14 January 1962[18]
18 Netherlands 31 March 1962[19]
19 Cuba 6 May 1962[20]
20 Australia 12 May 1962[21]
21 Bulgaria 16 June 1962[22]
22 Belgium 21 August 1962[23]
23 Egypt 14 November 1962[24]
24 Hungary 23 November 1962[25]
25 Turkey 5 July 1963[26]
26 Somalia 16 October 1963[27]
27 Burundi 1963[28]
28 Sudan 1963[29][30]
29 Indonesia 25 January 1964[31]
30 Algeria 21 February 1964[32]
31  Switzerland 26 April 1964[33]
32 Romania 5 May 1964[34]
33 Sweden 29 May 1964[32]
34 Democratic Republic of the Congo 30 May 1964[35]
35 Ethiopia 1 June 1964[32]
36 Ivory Coast 2 July 1964[32]
37 Norway 28 September 1964[36]
38 Mali 24 November 1964[32]
39 Denmark 8 December 1964[32]
40 Rwanda 7 January 1965[32]
41 Zambia 7 January 1965[37]
42 North Korea 13 January 1965[38]
43 Vietnam 14 February 1965[39]
44 Finland 14 June 1965[40]
45 Morocco 8 October 1965[32]
46 Liberia 27 May 1966[41]
47 Albania May 1966[42]
48 Austria 31 August 1966[41]
49 Syria 13 September 1966[43]
50 Guinea 22 December 1966[41]
51 Mongolia 17 January 1967[44]
52 Pakistan 20 February 1967[45]
53 Spain 23 February 1967[46]
— Holy See 28 April 1968[47]
54 Tunisia 2 December 1968[48]
55 Senegal 22 August 1969[49]
56 Brazil 5 January 1970[50]
57 Lesotho 23 January 1970[51]
58 Trinidad and Tobago 2 July 1970[52]
59 Guyana 28 December 1970[53]
60 Barbados 8 March 1971[54]
61 Jamaica 6 April 1971[55]
62 Chile 12 June 1971[56]
63 Sierra Leone 3 November 1971[57]
64 Botswana 29 November 1971[58]
65 Greece 29 November 1971[59]
66 Yemen April 1972[60]
67 Cameroon August 1972[61]
68 United Arab Emirates 8 January 1973[62]
69 Kuwait 19 January 1973[63]
70 Mexico 19 February 1973[64]
71 Iraq 15 April 1973[65]
72 Madagascar 28 June 1973[66]
73 Sri Lanka July 1973[67]
74 Eswatini 20 February 1974[68]
75 Argentina 7 March 1974[69]
76   Nepal 10 January 1975[70]
77 Portugal 1 April 1975[71]
78 Libya 15 April 1975[72]
79 Mozambique 25 June 1975[73]
80 Peru 12 August 1975[74]
81 Comoros 1976[75]
82 Iceland 17 November 1977[76]
83 Cyprus 24 February 1978[77]
84 Laos 15 May 1978[78]
85 Suriname 30 June 1978[79]
86 Bahrain 1978[80]
87 Benin 25 May 1979[81]
88 Ireland 3 December 1979[82]
89 Cape Verde 11 March 1980[83]
90 Papua New Guinea 29 March 1980[84][85]
91 Zimbabwe 30 April 1980[86]
92 Djibouti 3 December 1980[87]
93 Singapore 12 December 1980[88]
94 Luxembourg 14 December 1980[89]
95 Thailand 30 December 1980[79]
96 Nicaragua December 1980[90]
97 Oman 9 January 1981[79]
98 Angola 25 August 1981[91]
99 Republic of the Congo 22 October 1981[92]
100 Colombia 28 October 1981[93]
101 New Zealand 7 December 1981[94]
102 Venezuela 11 December 1981[95]
103 Uganda 15 December 1981[96]
104 Malaysia 29 September 1982[97]
105 Iran 13 October 1982[98]
106 Qatar 13 December 1982[99]
107 Bangladesh 10 November 1983[100]
108 Kenya 13 December 1983[101]
109 Saudi Arabia 11 April 1984[102]
110 Togo 27 December 1984[103]
111 Guinea-Bissau 1984[104]
112 Malawi 16 May 1985[105]
113 Seychelles 11 November 1986[79]
114 Vanuatu 18 December 1986[79]
115 Uruguay 1 April 1987[79]
116 Maldives 11 August 1988[79]
117 Namibia 1990[106]
— State of Palestine 1990[107]
118 Armenia 22 April 1992[108]
119 South Korea 30 April 1992[109]
120 Ukraine 8 July 1992[110]
121 Slovakia 1 January 1993[111]
122 Slovenia 4 June 1993[112]
123 Croatia 2 July 1993[113]
124 Lithuania 11 November 1993[114]
125 South Africa 18 July 1994[115]
126 Cambodia 8 March 1995[116]
127 Belarus 23 May 1996[117]
128 Estonia 24 July 1996[118]
129 North Macedonia 22 January 1997[119]
130 Latvia 28 November 1997[120]
131 Brunei 6 October 2000[121]
132 Mauritius 22 May 2007[122]
133 Eritrea 13 July 2007[123]
— Kosovo 2 April 2014[124]
134 Jordan 3 June 2015[125]
135 Malta 11 June 2015[79]
136 Ecuador 16 June 2015[79]
137 Mauritania 1 September 2015[126]
138 South Sudan 11 April 2016[127]
139 Fiji 26 May 2016[79]
140 Niger 23 March 2017[128]
141 Georgia 20 October 2018[129]
142 Bosnia and Herzegovina 25 January 2019[79]
143 Azerbaijan 7 February 2019[79]
144 Kazakhstan 13 February 2019[79]
145 Gambia 25 April 2019[130]
146 Central African Republic 8 November 2019[131]
147 Burkina Faso 25 August 2021[132]
148 Equatorial Guinea 28 March 2025[133][134]
149 Kyrgyzstan 26 September 2025[135]
150 Chad Unknown
151 Gabon Unknown
152 Lebanon Unknown
— Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Unknown
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Bilateral relations

Africa

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Burundi1963See Burundi–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1963 when has been appointed first Ambassador of Burundi to Tanzania Mr Joseph Mahenehene.[28]

  • Burundi has an embassy in Dar es Salaam and a consulate-general in Kigoma.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Bujumbura.
Kenya13 December 1983See Kenya–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 December 1983[101]

  • Kenya has a high commission in Dar es Salaam and a consulate-general in Arusha.
  • Tanzania has a high commission in Nairobi and a consulate-general in Mombasa.
Malawi16 May 1985See Malawi–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 May 1985[105]

  • Malawi has a high commission in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has a high commission in Lilongwe.
Mozambique25 June 1975See Mozambique–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 June 1975[73]

  • Mozambique has a high commission in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has a high commission Maputo.
Rwanda7 January 1965See Rwanda–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1965 when accredited first Ambassador of Rwanda to Tanzania (resident in Kampala) Mr. Musabyimana Malachie[32]

  • Rwanda has a high commission in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has a high commission in Kigali.
Uganda13 December 1983See Tanzania–Uganda relations
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Americas

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Brazil5 January 1970See Brazil–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 January 1970[50]

  • Brazil has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Brasília.
Mexico19 February 1973See Mexico–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic elations on 19 February 1973[136]

  • Mexico is accredited to Tanzania from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya and maintains an honorary consulate in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States and maintains an honorary consulate in Mexico City.
United States9 December 1961See Tanzania–United States relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 December 1961[137]

The U.S. Government provides assistance to Tanzania to support programs in the areas of health, environment, democracy, and development of the private sector. The U.S. Agency for International Development's program in Tanzania averages about $20 million per year. The Peace Corps program, revitalised in 1979, provides assistance in education through the provision of teachers. Peace Corps also is assisting in health and environment sectors. Currently, about 147 volunteers are serving in Tanzania. First Lady Laura Bush visited Dar es Salaam and Zanzibar in mid-July 2005.

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Asia

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
China9 December 1961See China–Tanzania relations

China established diplomatic relations with Tanganyika and Zanzibar on 9 December 1961 and 11 December 1963 respectively.[3] When Tanganyika and Zanzibar were united and became Tanzania on 26 April 1964, it is natural for China to extend its diplomatic ties with it.[140] Tanzania has had good relations with the People's Republic of China over the past 30 years, recently receiving the Chinese president (February 2009). This relationship is linked with bi-lateral co-operation including the TAZARA Railway project on the Tanzanian mainland.

  • China has an embassy in Dar es Salaam and a consulate-general in Zanzibar.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Beijing.
India9 December 1961See India–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 December 1961[141]

  • India has a High Commission in Dar es Salaam.[142]
  • Tanzania maintains a High Commission in New Delhi.[143]
Israel20 December 1961Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 December 1961.[144] Tanzania broke off diplomatic relations with Israel 19 October 1973.[145] Diplomatic relations were re-establish on 24 February 1995.[146]
  • Israel is accredited to Tanzania from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Tel Aviv.
Japan1961

Diplomatic relations between Japan and Tanganyika were established on Tanganyika independence of 9 December 1961. When Tanganyika and Zanzibar were united and became Tanzania on 26 April 1964, diplomatic ties were automatically extended to cover the union.

  • Japan has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Tokyo.
MalaysiaSee Malaysia–Tanzania relations
Palestine1973

Tanzania officially recognised Palestine as a sovereign state on 24 November 1988.[148] In October 2011, Tanzanian Foreign Minister Bernard Membe affirmed that his country would give everything required to support Palestine in gaining membership within the United Nations and any other international organisation.[149]

Qatar13 December 1982Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 December 1982[99]
  • Qatar has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Doha.
Saudi Arabia11 April 1984See Saudi Arabia–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 April 1984[102]

  • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate-general in Jeddah.
South Korea30 April 1992See South Korea–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 April 1992[150]

High-level Exchanges 1994 May Special Envoy of the President Han Wan-sang 1994 October Special Envoy of the President Hong Soon-young 1999 April Minister for Trade Han Duck-soo 2005 January Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Ban Ki-moon 2005 December Special Envoy oh the President Kwon Jin-ho 2006 May Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Ban Ki-moon 2009 March Chairman of Korea Foundation Lim Sung-jun 2009 August Chairman of Truth and Reconciliation Commission Ahn Byung-wook 2010 May Deputy Prime Minister Park Young-joon.[151]

  • South Korea has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Seoul.
Turkey5 July 1963See Tanzania–Turkey relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 July 1963 when accredited first Ambassador of Turkey to Tanganyika (resident in Addis Ababa) Mr. Mehmed Osman Dostel.[152]

United Arab EmiratesSee Tanzania–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • United Arab Emirates has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
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Europe

More information Country, Formal Relations Began ...
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
Denmark8 December 1964See Denmark–Tanzania relations
Germany9 December 1961See Germany–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 December 1961[4]

  • Germany has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Berlin.
Netherlands31 March 1962Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 March 1962 when first Ambassador of the Netherlands to Tanganyika (resident in Khartoum) presented his credentials[19]
  • Netherlands has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in The Hague.
Poland15 January 1962See Poland–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 January 1962[154]

  • Poland has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania is accredited to Poland from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.
Russia11 December 1961See Russia–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 December 1961[155]

United Kingdom22 April 1964See Tanzania–United Kingdom relations
British Foreign Secretary David Lammy with Tanzanian Foreign Minister Mahmoud Thabit Kombo at a Commonwealth summit in Apia, October 2024.

Tanzania established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 22 April 1964.[157]

The UK governed Tanganyika from 1916 to 1961, when Tanganyika achieved full independence; the UK governed Zanzibar from 1890 to 1963, when Zanzibar achieved full independence. Both countries unified on 26 April 1964 to become Tanzania.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership,[160] and a High Level Prosperity Partnership.[161]

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International trips made by presidents of Tanzania

Jakaya Kikwete

Further information: List of international presidential trips made by Jakaya Kikwete

John Magufuli

Further information: List of presidential trips made by John Magufuli
Countries by Magufuli visited during his presidency 2015-2021

John Magufuli made a 10 International trips to 8 countries during his presidency. Magufuli famously was the first Tanzania president to not travel outside of Africa. The president cracked down on large foreign delegations and usually sent his Vice-President Samia Suluhu Hassan to represent him. The president served six years and made the least international official visits than any of his predecessors.

All his visits were bilateral except he attended one African Union Heads of State Summit in Ethiopia and another East African Community heads of state summit in Uganda.

Samia Suluhu

Further information: List of international presidential trips made by Samia Suluhu Hassan
Countries visited by Samia Suluhu during her presidency

Samia Suluhu made her first international trip in April 2021 since she began her presidency on 19 March 2021. Once president she aimed to regain the country's former position in the international community and began to embark on foreign trips.

See also

References

Sources

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