Formate-nitrite transporter
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| Form_Nir_trans | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | Form_Nir_trans | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF01226 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR000292 | ||||||||
| PROSITE | PDOC00769 | ||||||||
| TCDB | 2.A.44 | ||||||||
| OPM superfamily | 7 | ||||||||
| OPM protein | 3tdp | ||||||||
| |||||||||
The Formate-Nitrite Transporter (FNT) Family belongs to the Major Intrinsic Protein (MIP) Superfamily.[1][2] FNT family members have been sequenced from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, archaea, yeast, plants and lower eukaryotes. The prokaryotic proteins of the FNT family probably function in the transport of the structurally related compounds, formate and nitrite.[3]
With the exception of the yeast protein (627 amino acyl residues), all characterized members of the family are of 256-285 residues in length and exhibit 6-8 putative transmembrane α-helical spanners (TMSs). In one case, that of the E. coli FocA (TC# 1.A.16.1.1) protein, a 6 TMS topology has been established.[4] The yeast protein has a similar apparent topology but has a large C-terminal hydrophilic extension of about 400 residues.
FocA of E. coli is a symmetric pentamer, with each subunit consisting of six TMSs.[4]
Phylogeny
The phylogenetic tree shows clustering according to function and organismal phylogeny. The putative formate efflux transporters (FocA; TC#s 1.A.16.1.1 and 1.A.16.1.3) of bacteria associated with pyruvate-formate lyase (pfl) comprise cluster I; the putative formate uptake permeases (FdhC; TC#s 1.A.16.2.1 and 1.A.16.2.3) of bacteria and archaea associated with formate dehydrogenase comprise cluster II; the nitrite uptake permeases (NirC, TC#s 1.A.16.2.5, 1.A.16.3.1, and 1.A.16.3.4) of bacteria comprise cluster III, and a yeast protein comprises cluster IV.[5]
