Former Liberation Movements of Southern Africa

The Former Liberation Movements of Southern Africa (FLMSA) is a loosely organized regional political international of seven political parties which were involved in the African nationalist movements against colonialism and white-minority rule in South Africa and Rhodesia. It has its roots in the Frontline States, a loose coalition of African countries from the 1960s to the early 1990s committed to ending apartheid and white minority rule in South Africa and Rhodesia.^[1] Its original members are the African National Congress (South Africa), Chama Cha Mapinduzi (Tanzania), FRELIMO (Mozambique), the MPLA (Angola), SWAPO (Namibia), and ZAPU and ZANU–PF (Zimbabwe).^[2] In 2019, the Botswana Democratic Party joined the FLMSA.^[2]^[3]

Party	Abbreviation	Country	Established	National legislature seats
Party	Abbreviation	Country	Established	Lower house	Upper house
African National Congress	ANC	South Africa	1912	159 / 400	43 / 90
Botswana Democratic Party	BDP	Botswana	1961	4 / 61
Chama Cha Mapinduzi	CCM	Tanzania	1977	398 / 403
Liberation Front of Mozambique	FRELIMO	Mozambique	1962	184 / 250
People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola	MPLA	Angola	1956	124 / 220
SWAPO Party of Namibia	SWAPO	Namibia	1960	63 / 104	28 / 42
Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front	ZANU–PF	Zimbabwe	1963	179 / 270	34 / 80

City	Country	Date	Ref.
Johannesburg	South Africa	October 2000	^[4]
Harare	Zimbabwe	2001	^[4]
Johannesburg	South Africa	25 November 2008	^[5]
Dar es Salaam	Tanzania	4 May 2010	^[1]^[6]
Windhoek	Namibia	11 August 2011	^[1]^[7]
Pretoria	South Africa	6–9 March 2013	^[5]^[7]
Dar es Salaam	Tanzania	October 2013	^[8]^[9]
Maputo	Mozambique	20 November 2015	^[10]
Victoria Falls	Zimbabwe	4–8 May 2016	^[11]
	Zimbabwe	December 2017	^[12]^[13]
Windhoek	Namibia	20–22 November 2018	^[14]
Victoria Falls	Zimbabwe	8–12 September 2019	^[15]
	South Africa	July 2025	^[16]

Members