Frances Jane Scroggins Brown
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Frances Jane Scroggins Brown | |
|---|---|
| Born | April 15, 1819 Winchester, Virginia, U.S. |
| Died | April 16, 1914 (aged 95) |
| Spouse |
Thomas Arthur Brown (m. 1840) |
| Children | 6, including Hallie Quinn Brown |
Frances Jane Scroggins Brown (15 April 1819 – 16 April 1914)[1] was an African American Underground Railroad station operator.[2] Brown's daughter, Hallie Quinn Brown, co-founded the National Association of Colored Women (NACW).[3]
Frances Scroggins was born into slavery in Winchester County, Virginia,[4][2] She was freed by one of her grandfathers - a white Revolutionary War officer and plantation owner.[5] Scroggins worked as an indentured servant until her employer moved to Cincinnati, Ohio.[2]
From around 1839, she boarded in the home of James Wilkerson, a freedman who ran a safehouse in the city.[2] During this time, she witnessed enslavers attempting to capture those fleeing slavery, helping to secure their freedom.[2] In one instance, an enslaver attempted to "claim" Scroggins, furious that she had helped an enslaved woman to escape through the Cincinnati network.[2] Known for singing mournful songs by the roadside, Scroggins was called "Crazy Jane".[2]
In about 1840 or 1841, she married Thomas Arthur Brown of Frederick County, Maryland, who purchased his freedom in 1843.[4][2] Thomas Brown worked as a steward on the Mississippi River, and was said to have been the first black express agent in the nation.[6]