Glutathione peroxidase 2

Glutathione peroxidase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GPX2 gene.^[5][6][7]

AliasesGPX2, GI-GPx, GPRP, GPRP-2, GPx-2, GPx-GI, GSHPX-GI, GSHPx-2, glutathione peroxidase 2

External IDsOMIM: 138319; MGI: 106609; GeneCards: GPX2

PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB

Chr.Chromosome 14 (human)^[1]

Quick facts GPX2, Identifiers ...

GPX2
Identifiers
Aliases	GPX2, GI-GPx, GPRP, GPRP-2, GPx-2, GPx-GI, GSHPX-GI, GSHPx-2, glutathione peroxidase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 138319; MGI: 106609; GeneCards: GPX2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2HE3
Enzyme activity EC # BRENDA ExPASy KEGG MetaCyc 1.11.1.9 ↗ ↗ ↗ ↗ 1.11.1.12 ↗ ↗ ↗ ↗
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 14 (human)[1] Band 14q23.3 Start 64,939,152 bp[1] End 64,942,746 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 12 (mouse)[2] Band 12 C3|12 33.73 cM Start 76,839,107 bp[2] End 76,842,273 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in gallbladder rectum mucosa of sigmoid colon mucosa of transverse colon pancreatic ductal cell islet of Langerhans mucosa of ileum nasal epithelium right lobe of liver olfactory zone of nasal mucosa Top expressed in crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine esophagus large intestine colon duodenum jejunum left colon mucous cell of stomach epithelium of bronchus epithelium of stomach More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function electron transfer activity oxidoreductase activity glutathione peroxidase activity peroxidase activity Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol Biological process response to oxidative stress cellular oxidant detoxification cellular response to oxidative stress electron transport chain Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Databases NCBI: entry; OMA: entry Species Human Mouse Entrez 2877 14776 Ensembl ENSG00000176153 ENSMUSG00000042808 UniProt P18283 Q9JHC0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002083 NM_030677 RefSeq (protein) NP_002074 NP_109602 Location (UCSC) Chr 14: 64.94 – 64.94 Mb Chr 12: 76.84 – 76.84 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
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This gene is a member of the glutathione peroxidase family encoding a selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase that is one of two isoenzymes responsible for the majority of the glutathione-dependent hydrogen peroxide-reducing activity in the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Studies in knockout mice indicate that mRNA expression levels respond to luminal microflora, suggesting a role of the ileal glutathione peroxidases in preventing inflammation in the GI tract.^[7]

The antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 2 (Gpx2) is one out of eight known glutathione peroxidases (Gpx1-8) in humans. Mammalian Gpx1, GPx2 (this protein), Gpx3, and Gpx4 have been shown to be selenium-containing enzymes, whereas Gpx6 is a selenoprotein in humans with cysteine-containing homologues in rodents. In selenoproteins, the 21st amino acid selenocysteine is inserted in the nascent polypeptide chain during the process of translational recoding of the UGA stop codon.