Grahame Vivian

John Edgar Grahame Vivian was born in Camborne, Cornwall on 28 October 1919. His father managed mining companies and the family moved to Burma and Siam to take up work there. He went to school at Repton in Derbyshire and would go on to attend Camborne School of Mines. However, the outbreak of the Second World War curtailed his studies at the mining school.^[1]

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Vivian entered the British Army in the Duke of Cornwall’s Light Infantry but was disappointed to be posted close to home. After volunteering for service with the Indian Army, in December 1942 he joined the 4th battalion of the 8th Gurkha Rifles in India. His battalion deployed to Ranchi and to Arakan area of Burma towards the end of 1943.^[1]

On 9 January 1944 Vivian was ordered to infiltrate Dhobi Hill which intelligence suggested was lightly defended. However, when Vivian closed on the position he found it to be defended by the Japanese Army in strength. In spite of the enemy strength being greater than anticipated Vivian decided to attack. Once battle had been joined Vivian was knocked over by a mortar shell and received wounds to his chest, stomach and arm. He refused medical treatment and ordered his men to dig in and hold their position in the face of strengthening Japanese resistance. Vivian continued to arrange the defence of the position until he was overcome by his wounds. Two of his men improvised a stretcher from their rifles and carried Vivian for three days back to the regimental base.^[1]

His actions saw him awarded the Military Cross, the citation for which read -^[1]

His actions throughout the operation were outstanding for resolution, leadership, conspicuous bravery and total disregard for his personal safety.

After the battle Vivian was sent to military hospitals in Ranchi and Poona before being evacuated in 1945 to Princess Elizabeth Orthopaedic Hospital in Exeter. In Exeter he underwent several operations, especially on his right hand. For the rest of his life a piece of shrapnel remained in his shoulder and another in his throat (the removal of which was thought too dangerous).^[2] Vivian was finally able to leave hospital in February 1946 when he rejoined the Gurkha Rifles at Quetta.^[1]

After transferring to the 2nd Ghorkhas in 1947, Vivian served in Malaya and Hong Kong before returning in 1956 to Malaya. There he commanded troops in anti-bandit operations in the Kuala Pilah District of Negri Sembilan.^[1]

Vivian accompanied a police officer on 28 September 1956 to one of three meetings with a terrorist informant as part of Operation Googly. These meetings yielded intelligence of a meeting between high ranking terrorists. On 2 October, Vivian lead an assault which saw the capture of four leading terrorists.^[1]

On 6 October Vivian lead a second assault. Along with two police officers he waited within 60 yards of a terrorist camp for eight hours before making a 40 minute march in darkness to get into position for their attack. The terrorists opened fire with shotguns and automatic weapons but Vivian and the police officers silenced them with two terrorists killed. This actions lead to Vivian being awarded a bar to his Military Cross.^[1]

The citation for the award stated -^[3]

For courage, determination and successful leadership during a number of actions against Communist terrorists in Malaya. He constantly exposed himself to the greatest risks to ensure success.

— The London Gazette