Graveyard Seamounts
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| Graveyard Seamounts | |
|---|---|
 Graveyard Knolls | |
  | |
| Summit depth | 750 to 1,000 m (2,461 to 3,281 ft)[1] |
| Height | 100 to 400 m (328 to 1,312 ft)[1] |
| Summit area | 140 km2 (54 sq mi)[1] |
| Location | |
| Location | Chatham Rise, east of New Zealand[1] |
| Coordinates | 42°45′S 180°0′W / 42.750°S 180.000°W |
| Country | New Zealand |
| Geology | |
| Age of rock | Late Cenozoic |
The Graveyard Seamounts, officially known as the Graveyard Knolls,[2] are a series of 28 small seamounts (underwater volcanoes) and edifices located on the Chatham Rise, east of New Zealand. They cover about 140 km2 (54 sq mi) and stand out from the surrounding oceanic plateau that measures several hundred kilometers. They are named after various morose figures following the naming of the largest of the knolls as "the Graveyard" as it was a graveyard of fishing gear that became stuck on it. The most prominent among the group of knolls are Ghoul, Diabolical, Voodoo, Scroll, Hartless, Pyre, Gothic, Zombie, Mummy, Headstone, Morgue and Graveyard (ordered roughly by increasing size).[1]
While the official name for these features refers to knolls,[3] researchers in different disciplines see these features in different terms. These features are often referred to as seamounts where a seamount is described as any geographic isolated topographic feature on the seafloor taller than 100 m (328 ft), including ones whose summit regions may temporarily emerge above sea level, but not including features that are located on continental shelves or that are part of other major landmasses.[4]
The seamounts are the site of volcanism from the late Cenozoic era. The knolls are 100 to 400 m (328 to 1,312 ft) high, stand 1,050 to 1,200 m (3,445 to 3,937 ft) deep at their base and 750 to 1,000 m (2,461 to 3,281 ft) at their summit. Many of the seamounts bear marks of tidal scour from water erosion, the result of millions of years of wear by a current moving at 1 to 2 cm (0.4 to 0.8 in) per second.[1]