Guo was born in June 1963 in Xingtang County, Hebei Province. He joined the Chinese Communist Party in June 1984 and began working in August 1985. He holds a doctoral degree in engineering and is a professor-level senior engineer. From 1981 to 1985, Guo studied physics at Shanxi Normal University. He then worked at the personnel department of Shanxi Radio and Television University, where he rose from staff member to section chief. Between 1991 and 1993, he studied ideological and political education at Shanghai Jiao Tong University.[1]
From 1993 to 1998, he served as deputy director and later director of the Party Affairs Department at Shanxi Radio and Television University, concurrently serving as director of the personnel department. During this period, he also served as vice county magistrate of Kelan County, Shanxi, on secondment. In 1998, he became vice president of Shanxi Radio and Television University and president of Shanxi Radio and Television Secondary School.[2]
Between 2001 and 2004, Guo was president and deputy Party secretary of the Shanxi Coal Management Cadre Institute, and later served as director and deputy Party secretary of the Shanxi Coalfield Geology Bureau. While in this role, he earned a doctorate in engineering mechanics from the China University of Mining and Technology. He subsequently headed the preparatory group for the China (Taiyuan) Coal Trading Center, later serving as its first director and Party secretary.[3]
From 2010 to 2016, Guo held senior positions in the State Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, and the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA), including Director-General of the Food Production Supervision Department, Director-General of the Personnel Department, and Chief Food Safety Supervisor.[4]
In December 2016, he became Deputy Commissioner of the CFDA and a member of its Party Leadership Group. In May 2017, Guo was appointed head of the Organization Department of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, concurrently serving as president of the Jiangsu Party School (and later the Jiangsu Provincial School of Administration).[5] From December 2020 to March 2022, Guo served as a member of the Party Leadership Group and Director of the Political Department of the Ministry of Justice, and as Deputy Secretary of the CCCPC Working Committee for Central and State Organs. In April 2023, he became Executive Deputy Secretary of the committee in charge of daily work, and President of its Party School.[6][7]
He has also served as head of the Discipline Inspection and Supervision Group of the CCCPC Organization Department, representing the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission.[8]
Guo has been a delegate to the 19th and 20th National Congresses of the Chinese Communist Party and is a member of the 20th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. He was a member of the 13th Jiangsu Provincial Committee, and a deputy to the 12th and 13th Jiangsu Provincial People's Congresses.[9]