Halonoproctidae

Species in the family Halonoproctidae have been recorded from western and eastern North and Central America and the Caribbean, with one species, Ummidia asperula, found in Venezuela in South America; on either side of the Mediterranean in southern Europe and northwestern Africa; in eastern Asia; and in Australasia.^[2]

Spiders of the family Halonoproctidae are of a medium to large size for spiders. They construct burrows with some kind of trapdoor, either wafer-like or cork-like. They range in colour from light brown to black, usually without any strongly distinctive body markings. The carapace is usually without hairs and has only a few spines. The sternum is longer than it is wide, and has sigillae at least in the posterior part. The eyes are arranged in two or three rows. Females do not have scopulae on their legs, but do have unique curved, thornlike spines on the sides of legs I and II. Males have scopulae on the tarsi of at least some legs, often all. Their anterior legs have prominent spines and projections on the distal segments; their posterior legs have larger spines. Two pairs of spinnerets are present: the posterior median pair being short and unsegmented, the posterior lateral pair are longer, but still short, and have three segments, the apical one being the shortest. The female spermathecae have a single lobe. The male palpal bulb has a thin embolus, and is borne on a spineless cymbium.^[2]