Aydoğan made his international debut in 2019, competing in the cadet −37 kg class at the World Cadet Championships in Tashkent.[2]
He continued to medal regularly in youth categories, earning bronze at the 2020 and 2021 Turkish Open events, and winning the gold medal at the 2021 WT Presidents Cup Europe in Istanbul (−45 kg). He later moved to the −63 kg division, securing podium finishes at major youth tournaments.
In 2023, Aydoğan won the silver medal at the European Youth Championships in Tallinn, Estonia, and competed at the European U21 Championships in Bucharest. He later appeared again at the 2024 European U21 Championships in Sarajevo.
At senior level, he earned bronze at the 2024 Multi European Games in Ankara and finished as silver medallist at both the 2025 Serbia Open and the 2025 WT Presidents Cup Europe in Sofia.
Aydoğan claimed his first world title at the 2025 World U21 Taekwondo Championships in Nairobi, Kenya, winning the men's −63 kg event. He defeated South Korea's Jinho Mun in the final to secure the gold medal.[3][4]