Haplogroup C-B477
Human Y-chromosome haplogroup
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Haplogroup C-B477, also known as Haplogroup C1b2, is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. It is one of two primary branches of Haplogroup C1b, one of the descendants of Haplogroup C1. Previously, this haplogroup was called C4 (C-M347).
Possible place of originSahul Shelf
Ancestor(Grandparent) C1
DescendantsC1b2a-M38
C1b2b-M347
C1b2b-M347
Defining mutationsB477
| Haplogroup C-B477 | |
|---|---|
| Possible place of origin | Sahul Shelf |
| Ancestor | (Grandparent) C1 |
| Descendants | C1b2a-M38 C1b2b-M347 |
| Defining mutations | B477 |
| Highest frequencies | Papuan people, Indigenous Australians, Melanesian people, Polynesian people |
It is distributed in high frequency in Indigenous Australians, Papuan people, Melanesian people, and Polynesian people.
Subgroups
- C1b2 (C-B477)
- C1b2a (C-M38) Papuan people and other Oceanians
- C1b2b (C-M347) Indigenous Australians[1]
Frequency
C-M38
- Lani 100%,[2]
- Dani 92%,[2]
- Cook Islands 78%[3]-82%,[2]
- Samoa 62%[3]-72%,[4]
- Tahiti 64%,[4]
- Sumba 57%,[4]
- Maori 43%,[5]
- Tonga 34%,[3][4]
- Futuna 30%,[3]
- Maewo 23%,[4]
- Maluku Islands 15%[2]-28%,[4]
- Fiji 22%,[3]
- Asmat people 20%,[2]
- Coastal New Guinea 14%[4]-23%,[2]
- Flores 17%,[4]
- Tuvalu 17%,[3]
- Tolai 12.5%[2]-21%,[3]
- Lesser Sunda Islands 16%,[2]
- Admiralty Islands 16%,[3]
- West Sulawesi 12.5%[4]
C-M347
- Indigenous Australians 60.2%[6]-68.7%[7]
Migration history
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Haplogroup C-B477 took a southern route, after the Out of Africa expansion, through the Indian subcontinent to the Sahul Shelf.[8] The C-M38 lineage is estimated to have diverged around 49,600 years ago, most likely around New Guinea.[9]
