Haplogroup C-M8
Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Haplogroup C-M8 also known as Haplogroup C1a1 is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. It is one of two branches of Haplogroup C1a, one of the descendants of Haplogroup C-M130.
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| Haplogroup C-M8 (C1a1) | |
|---|---|
Migration route of haplogroup C | |
| Possible time of origin | 41,900 YBP[1] 51,800 YBP[2] |
| Coalescence age | 11,650 YBP[3] 4,900 YBP[4] |
| Possible place of origin | Unknown |
| Ancestor | (Grandparent) Haplogroup C1 |
| Defining mutations | M8, M105, M131, P122 |
| Highest frequencies | Japanese people, Ryukyuans |
It has been found in about 6% (2.3% to 16.7%) of modern males sampled in Japan and was traditionally considered to be a Y-DNA haplogroup descended from Jōmon people[6][7], though in recent years this assumption has been challenged[5], especially as all Y-DNA recovered from Jomon-period remains to date belongs to haplogroup D[8]. In academic sources, it may have been observed in one individual in a sample collected from South Korea[9] and in commercial testing in two individuals who have reported an origin in Liaoning province of China and four individuals who reported an origin in Korea.[4]
The MRCA with its sister haplogroup C-V20 dates back to 40,000[1] to 50,000[2] years ago. Diffusion of existing subtypes of C-M8 is estimated to have begun about 12,000 years ago[3], though commercial YDNA testing has given more recent estimates[4].
Frequency in Japan
Frequency in samples of Japanese from various regions:[7]
- Okinawa 9.0% (4.4%[10] - 16.7%[11])[12]
- Kagawa? 8.5%[13]
- Tokyo 7.1%[2]
- Miyazaki 6.5% (0/29 = 0% Misato to 2/8 = 25% Aya, or 28/291 = 9.6% Western Miyazaki, 22/349 = 6.3% Northern Miyazaki, 27/488 = 5.5% Central Miyazaki, 6/141 = 4.3% Southern Miyazaki)[14]
- Tokushima 6.3% (5.7%[15] - 10.0%[3])
- Osaka 6.2%[7]
- Fukuoka 5.9%[15]
- Kawasaki 5.6%[15]
- Shizuoka 4.9%[3]
- Sapporo 4.1% (3.4%[15] - 4.6%[15])
- Kanazawa 4.0% (3.4%[15] - 4.7%[15])
- Aomori 3.8% (2.5%[11] - 7.7%[3])
- Nagasaki 3.3%[15]
- Saga 2.3%[11]
History
Haplogroup C1a1 (M8) is mostly unique to the Japanese archipelago, and its migration route is enigmatic.[16]