Harakat 23 Mars
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Harakat 23 Mars حركة 23 مارس |
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Harakat 23 Mars (Arabic: حركة 23 مارس March 23 Movement) was a Marxist Leninist movement founded in Morocco on March 23, 1970.
The group is named after the Uprisings of March 23, 1965, which broke out the day after a violently repressed peaceful student protest.[1] Many young people could not forgive the state for the killings, particularly with the absence of any investigation or questioning, as well as with the permanence of those responsible in their respective positions. Among these was General Mohamed Oufkir, the second most powerful figure in the country behind King Hassan II, who on March 23, 1965 allegedly fired on the crowds from a helicopter.[2][3]
In this context, there was serious thought given to starting an organization that adopted violence and radical change as means to achieve political goals, distant from political parties that were restricted by the law. This was influenced by the Arab defeat against Israel in the war of 1967, as well as the spread of communist thought among Moroccan youth.
This gave way to the establishment of groups of politically-engaged youth, such as the National Union of Moroccan Students, the Moroccan Communist Party, and the Moroccan Workers' Union. Additionally, from within the National Union of Popular Forces, a nucleus that would have a major role in forming the March 23 Movement was formed, including Ahmed Herzni, al-Barduzi, Buabid Hamama, Sion Assidon, and Mohamed Lahbib Taleb.
