Hebeloma cylindrosporum
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| Hebeloma cylindrosporum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Hymenogastraceae |
| Genus: | Hebeloma |
| Species: | H. cylindrosporum |
| Binomial name | |
| Hebeloma cylindrosporum Romagn. (1965) | |
Hebeloma cylindrosporum is a species of mushroom-forming fungus in the genus Hebeloma and the family Hymenogastraceae. The mushroom is a Basidiomycota, which has many of the mushroom-forming fungi species. It was described as new to science in 1965 by French mycologist Henri Romagnesi.[1]
Cylindr- is derived from Greek and means cylindrical,[2] and -sporum is derived from Latin and means it has a spore.[3] Cylindrosporum then means "cylindrical and sporus".[4]
The mushroom was first described by the mycologist Henri Romagnesi,[1] who found the mushroom in France in 1961.[5] However, the mycologist A.A. Pearson had found the mushroom in South Africa in 1948.[6]
The genetic material of H. cylindrosporum has been sequenced.[7][8] It has been found that the Hebeloma genus phylogenetic data may be "related to saprotrophic species in the genera Agrocybe or Pholiota".[9] The species H. cylindrosporum is "phylogenetically distantly related to H. crustuliniforme, and other Hebeloma species".[9]
Morphology
The cap of the mushroom is usually convex,[4] and the color of the mushroom is usually a "yellowish brown, occasionally dark brick, rarely cinnamon".[4] H. cylindrosporum has gills that are usually notched before attaching to the stem of the fungi,[4] but the gills are sometimes not notched before attaching to the stem.[4]
H. cylindrosporum spores are cylindrically shaped,[4] which is also where the fungus gets its name.[4] The spores are "often brown, occasionally yellow brown, rarely beige or yellow".[4] The fugus does have a basidia.[4]
Ecology
H. cylindrosporum is an ectomycorrhizal species of fungi.[11] The fungus is "associated with Pinus pinaster".[11] The H. cylindrosporum forms a Hartig net with the roots of the pine tree,[12] and helps the pine tree to take up phosphorus[13] and nitrogen.[9] H. cylindrosporum can also associate with other hosts such as Larix laricina, Dryas integrifolia, and Quercus acutissima in a laboratory.[9]
The fungus has mainly been found in Europe.[9] However, the fungus has been found in Africa and Temperate Asia.[4] H. cylindrosporum has been found in "sandy soils with no or very little organic matter",[9] mostly being found in "costal sand dune ecosystems along the Atlantic south-west coast of France".[11]