| Consonants[1] |
|---|
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| b |
barbutlêr, lâber |
bounce |
| d |
dimónndi, quadēren |
dance |
| dz[2] |
ónngia, gêra, dṡdétta, żôbia, żåuven, żâl, żnêr |
dress |
| ð |
żôbia, żåuven, żâl, żnêr, żtêr |
then |
| f |
fidózzia, sfrîṡ |
fancy |
| ɡ |
ghêṡg, żuglén |
gas |
| k |
cardänza, alchêr, qualónc |
scald |
| l |
limalén |
less |
| ʎ |
viżégglia, al gnôc |
trillion |
| m |
mumiêr, nómm[3] |
mess |
| ɱ |
cunfêt |
circumvent |
| n |
scrâna, mândga, cróṅna[3] |
nest |
| ŋ |
pinån, ganba, cróṅna, dänt, diavlén[3][4] |
thing |
| ɲ |
Bulåggna, Germâgna |
vineyard |
| p |
pdôć, grópp |
Spencer |
| ʁ ~ ʀ ~ r |
rànnder, curtêl |
trilled r or Northumbrian burr |
| s[2] |
Sasōl, scusêr, pass, zénc, Piaṡänza, zassta, arzàvver |
between press and pressure |
| t |
tetôja, mât |
stance |
| ts[2] |
cucêr, cîṡa, dscårrer, znêr, zassta, arzàvver |
stress |
| θ |
zénc, Piaṡänza, znêr, zassta, arzàvver |
thin |
| v |
tvâja, ōv, Mântva, quarcén, ridéccuel[5] |
verse |
| z[2] |
aṡà, scuṡêr, ṡvedaiṡ, żåuven, żâl, żnêr, żtêr |
between seize and seizure |
|
| Semivowels[1] |
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| j |
supiêr, fiûr, marâja |
yet |
| w |
quarcén, ridéccuel[5] |
wet |
|
| Suprasegmentals |
| IPA | Examples | Explanation |
| ˈ |
raṡån [rɐˈzʌŋː] |
primary stress |
| ˌ |
levapiât [ˌlɛvɐˈpjaːt] |
secondary stress |
| . |
riasónt [ri.ɐˈsoŋːt] |
syllable break |
| ː |
insónni [iŋˈsonːi] |
geminated consonant[1] |
|
| Vowels[6] |
|---|
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| Short vowels |
| a ~ ɐ[7] |
maravajja, laggn, spass, dialàtt, pêder, påzz, dåǵǵ, curâǵ |
bad (Scotland) |
| æ[8][9] |
sänper |
bad |
| ʌ[8][9] |
pizån, curåṅna, månd, påzz, dåǵǵ |
bud |
| e |
pêder, brevàtt, sänper, galéṅna, pêl, lêt, rédder, artéccol |
bait (Scotland, short) |
| ɛ[8] |
maravajja, laggn, spass, dialàtt, pêl, lêt |
bet |
| ə[8][10] |
spass, dialàtt |
banana |
| i |
mistēri |
bit |
| ɔ[8] |
riṡôt, pizån, curåṅna, månd |
cloth (short) |
| o |
månd, påzz, dåǵǵ, upurtón, péccol, zóggn, brótt |
story (short) |
| u |
péccol, zóggn, brótt, zucarén, butîr, uṡêl, pruvêr |
pull |
| y[10] |
zóggn, brótt, zucarén, butîr |
beauty (short) |
| Long vowels and diphthongs[8] |
| aː ~ ɐː[7] |
curâǵ |
balm |
| ai̯ ~ ɐi̯[7][9] |
raigla, franzaiṡ, vair, pail |
bite |
| æː[10] |
burdêl, lumêga |
bad |
| ʌu̯[9] |
anvåud, såul, såura |
bone (RP) |
| eː[11] |
raigla, franzaiṡ, vair, pail, manîra, sîra, lîber |
bait (Scotland, long) |
| ɛː[11] |
pêl, lêt, burdêl, lumêga |
bear (RP) |
| ɛi̯ |
sänper, galéṅna, vair, pail |
bait |
| əi̯[10] |
sänper, galéṅna |
bite (Scotland) |
| iː |
rédder, artéccol, manîra, sîra, lîber |
beet |
| oː[11] |
pizån, curåṅna, upurtón, Żōrż, ōr, nōv, sōra, fiōl, anvåud, såul, såura |
story |
| ɔː[11] |
riṡôt, Żōrż, ōr, nōv, sōra |
cloth (long) |
| ɔu̯ |
pizån, curåṅna, anvåud, såul, såura |
bowl |
| øː[10] |
nōv, sōra, fiōl |
bird (RP) |
| øi̯[10] |
upurtón |
bite (Scotland) |
| uː |
anvåud, såul, såura, angûria, mnûd |
cool |
| yː[10] |
angûria, mnûd |
beauty (long) |
|
