Henry Charles Fehr

Fehr was born in Forest Hill in south-east London into a Swiss family, who had settled in England.^[1] Fehr attended the City of London School and is thought to have trained as an apprentice in the studio of the sculptor and stonemason Horace Montford, who supported his application to the Royal Academy Schools in 1885.^[1][2] Although Fehr won several prizes at the Academy, he was narrowly beaten to the 1889 gold medal in sculpture and a travelling scholarship by his fellow student Goscombe John.^[2]

When he graduated from the Royal Academy, Fehr worked as an assistant in the studio of Thomas Brock.^[2] There, Fehr created a monumental bronze sculpture, The Rescue of Andromeda, which is considered his first significant work and was subsequently purchased by the Chantrey Bequest for the Tate Gallery.^[3] Fehr was greatly upset, and protested repeatedly, when the Tate moved the sculpture from an internal gallery to the position outside the building where it remains.^[3] The success, and naturalistic style of The Rescue of Andromeda led to Fehr being, briefly, regarded as part of the New Sculpture movement.^[2] Although the association didn't last, like the New Sculpture artists, Fehr's did receive several commissions from firms of architects keen to include decorative sculptures into the designs of their new buildings.^[2] For the architect Charles Fitzroy Doll Fehr produced four life-size terracotta sculptures of British queens for the Hotel Russell in London's Bloomsbury.^[2] For the firm of Lanchester, Stewart & Rickards, he created architectural decorations for the dome of the Methodist Central Hall in Westminster and also the Welsh dragon that sits above Cardiff City Hall.^[2][4] J.S Gibson & Partners commissioned Fehr for decorative works on several buildings including the West Ham Technical Institute in London, for a school in Scarborough, for Walsall Central Library and, most notably, for the Middlesex Guildhall in Parliament Square.^[2][5] For the same company, Fehr made a coloured plaster relief frieze of scenes from the Wars of the Roses for the interior of Wakefield County Hall in 1898.^[6][7]

In October 1919, as World War I was drawing to a close, the Royal Academy in London held an exhibition of war memorial designs.^[8] At the exhibition Fehr displayed statuettes of three figures, Peace holding a dove, a winged Victory and Saint George with a sword and shield.^[8] Bronze statues of these figures appeared on several of the war memorials that Fehr created throughout the 1920s for British towns and cities. All three figures positioned on, or around, a stone obelisk, featured on the memorials Fehr created at Colchester, at Burton-upon-Trent, and, in different versions, on the Leeds War Memorial.^[9][10] Several other memorials, including those at Lockerbie and Langholm in Scotland, at Eastbourne and at Grangetown in Cardiff, only featured the figure of Victory, holding a laurel wreath and an inverted sword, on a pedestal or obelisk.^[8][9] The memorial at Keighley has a version of Peace with bronze statues of an infantryman in battle dress and a sailor holding a telescope.^[10][11] The memorial on the Bund in Shanghai (destroyed on the orders of the Japanese army in 1943) featured Peace guarding a mother and child.^[12]

Fehr first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1887.^[7] He exhibited at the La Libre Esthétique in Brussels and was a founding member of the Royal British Society of Sculptors in 1904, and was later elected a Fellow of the Society.^[13][1] Throughout his career, Fehr sculpted a number of portrait busts. These included several of William Morris, versions of which are in the Royal Academy collection, the William Morris Gallery and the Art Workers Guild collection while Fehr's marble busts of John Ruskin and Robert Browning are held by the South London Gallery. ^[1][2][14]

• A set of carved relief panels at the former Westwood School, built 1897-1900, in Scarborough, North Yorkshire.^[43]
• 1903 Boer War memorial, a stone tablet and a figure of Justice, on the facade of the Old Library, Dulwich College, London.^[44][45]
• The identity of the sculptor of the war memorial at Coggeshall in Essex is unknown but has been attributed to Fehr due to its similarity to his nearby Colchester memorial.^[46]
• Statue of Benjamin Disraeli in the Market Square at Aylesbury.^[47]
• Marble, seated statue of Edmund Cartwright in Cartwright Hall, Bradford.^[15]