Hierodula membranacea

This mantis can jump around twice its body length^{[citation needed]}, and although adults are capable of flight, some females occasionally have been known to jump as adults. When cornered by predators, the mantis will adopt a threat display wherein it rears back with its wings and forelegs spread and mouth opened. Should a predator ignore the display, the mantis will strike out with its forelegs and bite. While mantises are not venomous, such a defensive attack from this large species can be painful and possibly break the skin.^{[citation needed]}

Like all arthropods, mantises have a hard shell called an exoskeleton. As they grow, they moult this exoskeleton to allow further growth until they reach their imago form, where they gain their wings and stop molting. During the molting process, H. membranacea often does not eat, and avoids exposure to predators as its new shell will initially be soft and vulnerable.^{[citation needed]}

These huge insects can tackle large and dangerous prey such as the Asian giant hornet.^[1] As with other mantis species, H. membranacea may be cannibalistic, which is thought to increase female fecundity.^{[clarification needed][2]}

Reproduction occurs sexually in Hierodula membranacea, with very limited parthenogenesis abilities.^{[citation needed]} A female can be identified from male by her six abdominal segments, whereas males have eight. She also has a much larger abdomen.^{[citation needed]}

After mating, the female may attempt to eat the male to increase fertility, which will entail a struggle.^[3] The adult female will lay several egg cases (called oothecae) over her lifespan. From each of these oothecae, up to 150 nymphs hatch after six to eight weeks.^[4]

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  male nymph L7
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  pinned specimen
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  Adult female
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  head
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  underside
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  Adult male

• List of mantis species and genera