History of Tarnovo
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Veliko Tarnovo is a city in north central Bulgaria and the administrative centre of Veliko Tarnovo Province. It is also known as Turnovo, Tsarevgrad or Turnov, and is a city with over 7000 years of history.
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The largest settlement mound from the Late Neolithic (second half of the 6th millennium BC) was discovered during rescue excavations in 1972-1979 on the territory of the town in the Western industrial zone in the Kacitsa area.[1]
The Early Byzantine period
There was a Roman settlement on the Tsarevets hill called, according to some historians, "Nikopolis i Hemum".[2] From the middle of the 4th century on the hills of Tsarevets and Momina fortress were settled Gothic-Arians led by Bishop Wolfila. Fortified settlements began to be created in the first Bulgarian state in the tenth century. The town was an important settlement from the period of the First Bulgarian State. Nobles lived in the town - called "trapeziti" there was a large military garrison.[3]
First Bulgarian Empire
On the hills on which the capital city of Turnovo extends, a number of coins, specimens, ceramics from the First Bulgarian State and specimens from Volga Bulgaria were found.[4]
Capital period (XII-XIV) century
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Turnovgrad was an administrative, military, economic, cultural and religious center.[5] During this period, the Art School of Tarnovo, the Tarnovo Literary School, the Turnovo Architecture developed. The city is ruled by several dynasties: Asenevtsi, Smilets, Terterovtsi, Shishmanovtsi. The city maintained commercial relations with major European cities and towns in the Middle East. Serbian King Saint Sava died in the city, his relics were later handed over to Serbia.[6]
