Hugo Pesce

Pesce was born in Tarma, and studied medicine at the University of Genoa in Italy.^[1] He first practiced in rural parts of the Peruvian Andes, where he was radicalised by his experiences of the debilitating effects of poverty.^[1] He later specialised in treatment of leprosy.^[1] He and other Latin Americans disagreed with the recommendations of the 1938 World Leprosy Congress in Cairo, and agreed a different process in Três Corações, which Pesce implemented successfully at Andahuaylas in 1938 and the Apurímac Region in 1940. The 1948 World Leprosy Congress in Havana endorsed the Latin-American strategy; Pesce was later a member of the World Health Organization's expert committee on the disease.^[1] In 1945 he joined the faculty of the National University of San Marcos, where he was professor of tropical medicine from 1953 till his retirement in 1967.^[1] In 2002, Pesce was among four individuals and two groups named as "Heroes of public health in Peru".^[1]

Pesce joined the Peruvian Communist Party founded in 1928 by José Carlos Mariátegui.^[2] In 1929, Pesce and Julio Portocarrero were unsuccessful in promoting Mariátegui's ideas in Buenos Aires at a convention of Latin American communists. Che Guevara recounts in The Motorcycle Diaries that he first read Marx in 1951 while working in Pesce's leprosarium.^[3] In the film adaptation, Pesce was played by Gustavo Bueno [es]. Pesce was also a writer and polemicist, and became Vice-President of the Peruvian Association of Writers and Artists.^[1]