Ibn Nāqiyā al-Baghdādī was famed for his literary knowledge. These include an important diwān, now lost, and a résumé of the Kitāb al-Aghānī.[1] But his al-Jumān fī tashbīhāt al-Qur'ān survives, in at least two manuscripts.[3]: 250 The work comprises 36 chapters, each named after a Koranic sūra: each chapter identifies similes (tashbīhāt) found in that chapter, and often in others besides, and adduced parallels from both Arabic verse and rhyming prose (sajʿ). The work thus constitutes a kind of literary commentary on a selection of the Qur'an's sūras (beginning with sūra 2, al-Baqara, and ending with 105, al-Fīl), though in total it cites 167 individual verses of the Qur'an from 68 different sūrāt.[3]: 232 In Matthew Keegan's estimation, he 'compiles his examples from the Arabic poetic tradition to provide, on the one hand, the Jāhilī background for the Quran and, on the other, an account of the way poets responded to and developed quranic imagery. The effect is to highlight the intertextualities between the Quran and the Arabic poetic tradition ... Ibn Nāqiyā seems to delight in exploring the intertextualities between the quranic similes and the Arabic poetic tradition'.[3]: 233–34
Most noted, however, is Ibn Nāqiyā's collection of maqāmāt, a particular form of satirical rhyming prose.[1] Preserved in a single manuscript, his Maqāmāt are considered a long-neglected treasure of Arabic literature.[2] Herein the author makes fun of all conventions in an offensive and subversive way.[2] The principal character is the versatile al-Yaschkuri, who cunningly and eloquently makes his way through the world.[2] Sometimes disguised as a preacher, sometimes as a beggar, sometimes as a pious man, he travels the country and masters the challenges of life and survival in an outrageous and clever way.[2]
