List of national independence days

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

An Independence Day is an annual event commemorating the anniversary of a nation's independence or statehood, usually after ceasing to be a group or part of another nation or state, or after the end of a military occupation, or after a major change in government. Many countries commemorate their independence from a colonial empire.

  Independence-related National Day
  Unification- or revolution-related national day
  Other reasons for national day
  No official National Day

Not all countries mark independence as a national holiday. Many, such as Australia, Canada, China, Denmark, France,[1] Japan, New Zealand, Ireland, Luxembourg, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Taiwan, and Turkey mark other dates of significance.

List

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List of independence days of countries around the world
Country Event commemorated Date of holiday Year of event Independence Gained From Notes
Afghanistan Independence Day 19 August (De jure) 1919 United Kingdom Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919 or Treaty of Rawalpindi, an armistice between the United Kingdom and Afghanistan during the Third Anglo-Afghan War.[2]
Liberation Day 15 February 1989  Soviet Union Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan.
Albania Independence Day 28 November 1912 Ottoman Empire Albanian Declaration of Independence. During the First Balkan War, risked by separation after war, Ismail Qemali, the first Albanian leader, declared independence in a speech only 5 minutes long. This became the Second November, after the First November, when Skanderbeg raised the Albanian flag in Krujë.
Algeria Independence Day 5 July 1962 France Algeria gained independence following the Algerian War and the Algerian independence referendum. France officially recognized independent Algeria on 3 July, but the Independence Day is celebrated on 5 July, the day of the fall of Algiers in 1830 and the beginning of French Algeria.[3][4]
Angola Independence Day 11 November 1975 Portugal The Alvor Agreement, signed on 15 January 1975, granted Angola independence from Portugal on 11 November, ending the Angolan War of Independence.[5]
Antigua and Barbuda Independence Day 1 November 1981 United Kingdom The effective date of the Antigua Termination of Association Order passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in July.[6][7]
Argentina Independence Day 9 July 1816[8] Spain Argentine Declaration of Independence.
Armenia Republic Day (Hanrapetut’yan or) 28 May 1918[9] Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Declaration of Independence of Armenia (1918).
Independence Day 21 September 1991 Soviet Union 1991 Armenian independence referendum.
Azerbaijan Independence Day (Müstəqillik Günü) 28 May 1918 Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Declaration of Independence of Azerbaijan.
Day of Restoration of Independence 18 October 1991[10] Soviet Union Adoption of the constitutional act "On the State Independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan".[10]
The Bahamas Independence Day 10 July 1973 United Kingdom Effective date of The Bahamas Independence Order 1973.[11]
Bahrain Independence Day 16 December 1971 United Kingdom Ascension of Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa to the throne.[12]
Bangladesh Independence and National Day (Sbādhīnôtā Ō Jātīẏô Dibôs) 26 March 1971 Pakistan Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence.
Victory Day 16 December 1971 Victory over Pakistan Armed Forces in the Bangladesh Liberation War.
Barbados Independence Day 30 November 1966 United Kingdom Effective date of the Barbados Independence Act 1966. Also the anniversary of the formal proclamation of Barbados as a Republic in the Commonwealth in 2021.
Belarus Independence Day (Dzien Niezaliežnasci) 3 July 1944 Germany The liberation of Minsk after several years of German occupation in 1944. Two other independence days – 25 March (proclamation of the Belarusian People's Republic in 1918) and 27 July (independence from the Soviet Union in 1990) – are commemorated unofficially, mainly by the Belarusian diaspora and the anti-Lukashenko opposition.[13]
Belgium National Day 21 July 1831 Netherlands Netherlands Ascension of Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld to the throne.[14]
Belize Independence Day 21 September 1981 United Kingdom Effective day of the Belize Act 1981.[15]
Benin Independence Day 1 August 1960 France Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 11 July creating the independent Republic of Dahomey.[16]
Bolivia Independence Day 6 August 1825 Spain Bolivian Declaration of Independence.
Bosnia and Herzegovina Independence Day 1 March 1992 Yugoslavia 1992 Bosnian independence referendum.
Botswana Independence Day 30 September 1966 United Kingdom Effective date of the Botswana Independence Act 1966.[17]
Brazil Independence Day (Dia da Independência) 7 July 1822 Portugal Declaration of independence by Pedro I of Brazil (see Independence of Brazil).[18]
Brunei National Day (Hari Kemerdekaan or Hari Kebangsaan) 23 February 1984 United Kingdom Brunei gained full independence effective 1 January 1984 under the Treaty of Friendship and Co-operation of 7 January 1979 between United Kingdom and Brunei.[19] However, the celebrations of the first National Day were delayed until 23 February and that day continues to be celebrated since.[20]
Bulgaria Liberation Day 3 March 1878 Ottoman Empire Treaty of San Stefano which created the autonomous Principality of Bulgaria.[21]
Independence Day 22 September 1908[22] Bulgarian Declaration of Independence.[22]
Burkina Faso Proclamation of Independence Day 11 December 1958 France Effective date when French Upper Volta became an autonomous republic in the French Community.
Independence Day 5 August 1960[23] Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 11 July and creation of the independent Republic of Upper Volta.[16]
Burundi Independence Day 1 July 1962 Belgium Effective date of the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1746 terminating the Ruanda-Urundi Trusteeship.[24][25]
Cambodia Independence Day (Bony Ekreachychate) 9 November 1953 France Ceremony transferring military from French to Cambodian officials based on a military hand-over agreement reached on 17 October 1953.[26][27]
Cameroon National Day 20 May 1972  United Kingdom
France		 Cameroon gained independence on 1 January 1960, but does not celebrate that date. Instead, it celebrates the National Day on 20 May commemorating the 1972 Cameroonian constitutional referendum.[28]
Canada Canada Day 1 July 1867 United Kingdom Canada Day on 1 July commemorates the establishment of the Dominion of Canada in 1867.[29]
Cape Verde Independence Day 5 July 1975 Portugal Effective date of the Agreement Between Portugal and Partido Africano para a Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde (PAIGC) signed on 18 December 1974.[30]
Central African Republic National Day 1 December 1958 France Effective date when Central African Republic became an autonomous republic of the French Community.[31]
Independence Day 13 August 1960[32] Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 12 July.[16]
Chad Republic Day 28 November 1958[33] Effective date when Chad became an autonomous republic in the French Community.[34]
Independence Day 11 August 1960 Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 12 July.[16]
Chile Independence Day (part of Fiestas Patrias) 18 September 1810 Spain Establishment of the Government Junta of Chile.[35] The following day, 19 September, is celebrated as the Army Day.[36] The two holidays collectively are known as Fiestas Patrias.[37]
Colombia Independence Day 20 July 1810 Spain Colombian Declaration of Independence.
Comoros Independence Day 6 July 1975 France Unilateral declaration of independence by the Chamber of Deputies of Comoros following the 1974 Comorian independence referendum.[38]
Congo, Democratic Republic of the Independence Day 30 June 1960 Belgium Effective date of the Treaty of Friendship, Assistance and Co-operation between Belgium and the Congo concluded on 29 June 1960.[39]
Congo, Republic of the Republic Day 28 November 1958[40] France Effective date when Congo became an autonomous republic in the French Community.[40]
Independence Day 15 August 1960 Congo gains full independence from France.[41]
Costa Rica Independence Day 15 September 1821 Spain Act of Independence of Central America.[citation needed]
Croatia National Day 30 May[42] 1990[43] Yugoslavia First session of the Croatian Parliament following the 1990 Croatian parliamentary election.[43] 8 October (when the parliament adopted a decision to sever constitutional relations with Yugoslavia in 1991) and 25 June (when the parliament voted for independence in 1991) were also celebrated as independence days. After the 2019 changes to the law on public holidays, 8 October is the Parliament Day and 25 June is the Independence Day, but they are memorial days and not public holidays.[42]
Cuba Independence Day[44] 10 October 1868[45] Spain Call to rebellion (known as Grito de Yara) by sugar planter Carlos Manuel de Cespedes that led to the Ten Years' War for independence.[46]
10 December 1898 Spain cedes Cuba to the United States as a result of the Treaty of Paris in 1898, which marked the end of the Spanish–American War.
20 May 1902 United States Independence of Cuba from the United States. However, Cuba remained under direct U.S. influence until 1934 as a result of the Platt Amendment.
Cyprus Independence Day 1 October 1960 United Kingdom Effective date of the London-Zürich Agreements was 16 August 1960, but the public holiday was moved to 1 October to avoid summer heat and tourist season.[47]
Czech Republic Independence Day 28 October 1918 Austria-Hungary Independence declaration by the Czechoslovak National Council.[48] Official day of independence of the Czech Republic
Restoration Day 1 January 1993[49] Czechoslovakia Effective date of the Peaceful Dissolution of Czechoslovakia into Czech Republic and Slovakia.[50] Establishment of the first Czech state since the Jagiellonian Kingdom of Bohemia.
Djibouti Independence Day 27 June 1977 France Independence from France following a successful independence referendum held in May 1977.[51]
Dominica Independence Day 3 November 1978 United Kingdom Independence from the United Kingdom following the creation of the Dominican constitution.[52]
Dominican Republic Independence Day 1 December 1821 Spain Independence from Spain in December 1821.[53]
27 February 1844  Haiti Independence re-declared from Haiti in 1844, after a 22-year occupation. Start of the Dominican War of Independence.
Restoration Day 16 August 1863 Spain Day of Grito del Capotillo on 16 August 1863. Independence officially restored from Spain on 11 July 1865, after victory in the Dominican Restoration War.
Ecuador Independence Day 10 August 1809 Spain Proclaimed independence on 10 August 1809, but failed with the execution of all the conspirators of the movement on 2 August 1810.
Egypt Revolution Day 23 July 1952  United Kingdom The Egyptian Revolution of 1952 abolished the Kingdom of Egypt, ended British influence in the country, and established an independent republic.[54]
El Salvador Independence Day 15 September 1821 Spain Act of Independence of Central America.[citation needed]
Equatorial Guinea Independence Day 12 October 1968 Spain Independence from Spain following the country's only free and fair election to date in September 1968.[55]
Eritrea Independence Day 24 May 1991 Ethiopia Eritrean War of Independence.
Estonia Independence Day (Iseseisvuspäev) 24 February 1918 Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
Germany		 Estonian Declaration of Independence.
Day of Restoration of Independence[56] 20 August 1991 Soviet Union[56] Estonian Restoration of Independence.
Eswatini Independence Day (Somhlolo Day) 6 September 1968 United Kingdom Commemorates independence.[57] Also called Somhlolo Day or Subhuza Day, after the 19th-century leader Sobhuza I.[58]
Fiji Fiji Day 10 October 1970 United Kingdom Instruments of Independence
Finland Independence Day (Itsenäisyyspäivä) 6 December 1917 Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Finnish Declaration of Independence
Gabon Independence Day 16–17 August 1960 France Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 15 July.[16]
The Gambia Independence Day 18 February 1965 United Kingdom Effective date of the Gambia Independence Act 1964.
Georgia Independence Day (Damouk'ideblobis dghe) 26 May 1918 Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Day of the proclamation of the Democratic Republic of Georgia in 1918.
National Unity Day 9 April 1991 Soviet Union Commemoration of both the April 9 tragedy 1989 (also known as Tbilisi Massacre, Tbilisi tragedy) when on Rustaveli Avenue, in Tbilisi an anti-Soviet demonstration was dispersed by the Soviet Army, resulting in 20 deaths and hundreds of injuries, as well as the declaration of independence by Zviad Gamsakhurdia following an independence referendum in March 1991.[59]
Germany German Unity Day 3 October 1990 West Germany
East Germany		 It commemorates German reunification in 1990 when the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) were unified.
Ghana Independence Day 6 March 1957 United Kingdom On Wednesday, 6 March 1957, when Kwame Nkrumah, the inaugural Prime Minister of Ghana, declared to the people of Ghana about their freedom, he added that, "the African People are capable of managing their own affairs and Ghana our beloved country is free forever." Ghana was the first country in Sub-Saharan Africa to achieve its independence from European colonial rule.[60][61]
Greece Independence Day 25 March 1821 Ottoman Empire Declaration of independence 1821. Start of the Greek War of Independence.
Grenada Independence Day 7 February 1974 United Kingdom Accession of Sir Eric Gairy as the inaugural Prime Minister of Grenada.[62]
Guatemala Independence Day 15 September 1821 Spain Act of Independence of Central America.[citation needed]
Guinea Independence Day 2 October 1958 France Withdrawal of French authority after the collapse of the Fourth Republic and establishment of the Fifth Republic that led to an overwhelming vote for independence in a referendum in September 1958.[63]
Guinea-Bissau Independence Day 24 September 1973 Portugal Declaration of independence in September 1973 during the country's war of liberation, although it wouldn't be formally recognized by Portugal until a year later on 10 September 1974.[64][65]
Guyana Independence Day 26 May 1966 United Kingdom The Guyana Independence Act came into effect.[66]
Haiti Independence Day 1 January 1804  France
Spain		 Haitian Declaration of Independence.
Honduras Independence Day 15 September 1821 Spain Act of Independence of Central America.[citation needed]
Iceland National Day 17 June 1944 Denmark Effective date of the dissolution of the Danish–Icelandic Act of Union following the 1944 Icelandic constitutional referendum.[67]
India Independence Day (Swatantrata Diwas) 15 August 1947 United Kingdom Effective date of the Indian Independence Act 1947.[a]
Indonesia Independence Day (Hari Kemerdekaan) 17 August 1945 Japan
Netherlands		 Proclamation of Indonesian Independence.
Iraq Independence Day 3 October 1932 United Kingdom Iraq joined the League of Nations after gaining formal independence.[68]
Israel Independence Day (Yom Ha'atzmaut) Iyar 5 (On or between 15 April and 15 May, depending on the Hebrew calendar). 1948 United Kingdom
League of Nations British Mandate for Palestine		 Israeli Declaration of Independence on 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708 in the Hebrew calendar). Yom Ha'atzmaut is celebrated on the Tuesday, Wednesday or Thursday nearest to 5 Iyar, so it occurs between 3 and 6 Iyar each year; this means that the holiday can fall any time between and including 15 April and 15 May, according to the Gregorian calendar.
Italy Anniversary of the Unification 17 March 1861 Austrian Empire The political and social movement that on 17 March 1861 ended in the annexation of various states of the Italian peninsula and its outlying isles to the Kingdom of Sardinia, resulting in the creation of the Kingdom of Italy.

It celebrates the birth of Italy as a modern nation state, which took place following the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy on 17 March 1861. However, the complete unification of Italy took place only in the following years.

Ivory Coast Independence Day 7 August 1960 France Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 11 July.[16]
Jamaica Independence Day 6 August 1962 United Kingdom Independence of Jamaica.
Jordan Independence Day 25 May 1946 United Kingdom
Emirate of Transjordan
Mandate for Palestine		 Ascension of Abdullah I of Jordan to the throne.[67]
Kazakhstan Independence Day 16 December 1991 Soviet Union The Supreme Soviet of Kazakhstan passed the Constitutional Independence Law of Republic of Kazakhstan, and was the last country to declare independence from the Soviet Union.
Kenya Madaraka Day 1 June 1963 United Kingdom Kenya attained internal self rule after being a British colony since 1920.[69]
Jamhuri Day 12 December 1963 Jomo Kenyatta was inaugurated as the first President of Kenya.[70]
Kiribati National Day[citation needed] 12 July 1979 United Kingdom Kiribati gained its independence from the United Kingdom, becoming a sovereign state in 1979.
North Korea National Liberation Day of Korea (Chogukhaebangŭi nal) 15 August 1945 Japan Liberation from the Empire of Japan in 1945. See Japanese Occupation of Korea. The Democratic People's Republic of Korea was founded in 1948.
South Korea March 1st Movement (Samiljeol) 1 March 1919 Korean Declaration of Independence in 1919. This day is celebrated as Samiljeol, or Independence Proclamation Day.
National Liberation Day of Korea (Gwangbokjeol) 15 August 1945 Liberation from the Empire of Japan in 1945. See Japanese Occupation of Korea. The Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was founded in 1919.
Kosovo Independence Day 17 February 2008 Serbia 17 February is celebrated as Independence Day in Kosovo, commemorating the declaration of independence from Serbia in 2008, marking a significant milestone in the nation's history.
Kuwait National Day 25 February 1961 United Kingdom Independence actually occurred on 19 June 1961, but celebrate on 25 February each year to honor Sheikh Abdullah Al-Salim, who is credited with ending the treaties with Britain and instigating democratic life in Kuwait.
Kyrgyzstan Independence Day 31 August 1991 Soviet Union The Supreme Council of Kyrgyzstan adopted a law on the "Declaration on State Independence of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan".[71]
Latvia Proclamation Day of the Republic of Latvia (Proklamēšanas diena) 18 November 1918 Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
Germany		 Proclamation of independence on 18 November 1918. Latvia was part of Russian Empire prior to World War I, but its territory had been ceded to German Empire in March 1918.
Day of Restoration of Independence 4 May 1990 Soviet Union On the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia.
Lebanon Independence Day 22 November 1943  Vichy France Domestic and international pressure forced France to release the Lebanese prisoners from Rashaya Citadel.[72]
Lesotho Independence Day 4 October 1966  United Kingdom Name of the country changed from Basutoland to Lesotho.[73]
Liberia Independence Day 26 July 1847 American Colonization Society Liberian Declaration of Independence.
Libya Independence Day 24 December 1951  United Kingdom
Italy
France		 Independence from Italy on 10 February 1947, released from British and French on 24 December 1951.
Liechtenstein National Day 15 August 1866 German Confederation Separation of the country from the German Confederation following the Austro-Prussian War.[74]
Lithuania Statehood Restoration Day (Valstybės atkūrimo diena) 16 February 1918 Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
Germany		 Act of Independence of Lithuania.
Day of Restoration of Independence 11 March 1990 Soviet Union Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania.
Madagascar Independence Day 26 June 1960 France Separation of the autonomous Malagasy Republic from the French Community.[75]
Malawi Independence Day 6 July 1964  United Kingdom Name of the country changed from Nyasaland to Malawi.[76]
Malaysia Independence Day/National Day (Hari Kemerdekaan or Hari Kebangsaan) 31 August 1957 Malayan Declaration of Independence.
Malaysia Day (Hari Malaysia) 16 September 1965 Proclamation of Malaysia
Maldives National Day 1st of Rabi' al-Awwal, 3rd month of Islamic calendar 1573 Portugal Termination of Portuguese rule in the archipelago following the uprising of Mohamed Thakurufaanu in 1573.[77]
Independence Day 26 July 1965 United Kingdom Independence agreement formalized in Ceylon, signed by Prime Minister Ibrahim Nasir and High Commissioner Sir Michael Walker.[78]
Mali Independence Day 22 September 1960 France Dissolution of the Mali Federation following secession of Senegal led to the independence of the Sudanese Republic as the Republic of Mali.[79]
Malta Independence Day 21 September 1964  United Kingdom Malta Independence Act.[80]
Marshall Islands Constitution Day 1 May 1979 United States Constitution of the Marshall Islands enacted in force.[81]
Mauritania Independence Day 28 November 1960 France Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 19 October.[16]
Mauritius Independence Day 12 March 1968  United Kingdom Constitution of Mauritius enacted in force.[82]
Mexico Independence Day (Día de la independencia)
Cry of Dolores (Grito de Dolores)		 16 September 1810 Spain Start of the Mexican War of Independence.
Micronesia Independence Day 3 November 1986 United States Effective date of the Compact of Free Association.
Moldova Independence Day (Ziua Independenței) 27 August 1991 Soviet Union Moldovan Declaration of Independence.
Mongolia Independence Day 29 December[83] 1911 Qing dynasty[84][85] Independence declared in 1911 during the Xinhai Revolution. However, Mongolian independence was neither recognized by Qing China nor its successor state, the Republic of China. The newly established Bogd Khanate of Mongolia led by the Bogd Khan lasted for 8 years until it was occupied by the Republic of China in 1919, to regain independence not long after.The Imperial Edict of the Abdication of the Qing Emperor issued in 1912 provided the legal basis for the Republic of China to inherit all Qing territories, including Mongolia.[86][87][88] The Republic of China later established de facto control over Mongolia in 1919. Mongolia subsequently re-asserted its independence in 1921. During the years of socialism, the value of this historically important day was ignored, but the law of the State Greate Khural of the Republic of Mongolia on 16 August 2007, made 29 December a public holiday, and later enshrined it into law on 23 December 2011, making it a public holiday, the Day of the Restoration of National Freedom and Independence.
Montenegro Statehood Day 13 July 1878 Ottoman Empire Commemorates the day in 1878 on which the Berlin Congress recognized Montenegro as an independent state, as well as also the 1941 uprising against Italian occupation.
Independence Day 21 May 2006 Serbia and Montenegro 2006 Montenegrin independence referendum.
Morocco Proclamation of Independence Day 11 January 1944 France
Spain		 Proclamation of Independence.
Independence Day 18 November 1955 Return of Mohammed V of Morocco from exile.
Mozambique Independence Day
(Dia da Independência Nacional)		 25 June 1975 Portugal In September 1964 the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO) began an armed guerilla campaign against the Portuguese. FRELIMO took control of Maputo in April 1974 in a coup. Independence for Mozambique was officially declared a year later on 25 June 1975.[89]
Myanmar Independence Day (Lwatlautrayynae) 4 January 1948 United Kingdom Burmese Declaration of Independence.
Namibia Independence Day 21 March 1990 South Africa The New York Accords signed in December 1988 guaranteed Namibian independence two years later.[90]
Nauru Independence Day 31 January 1968 Australia
New Zealand
United Kingdom		 Effective date of the Nauru Independence Act 1967. Also marks the date of the return of the Nauruans from Truk island after the Japanese occupation of Nauru during World War II.[91]
Nicaragua Independence Day 15 September 1821 Spain Act of Independence of Central America.[citation needed]
Niger Independence Day 3 August 1960 France Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 11 July.[16]
Nigeria Independence Day 1 October 1960 United Kingdom Nigeria Independence Act 1960.[92]
North Macedonia Republic Day 2 August 1903 Ottoman Empire Republic Day: Recognition of the establishment of the short-lived Kruševo Republic during the Ilinden Uprising.
Independence Day (Den na nezavisnosta) 8 September 1991 Yugoslavia 1991 Macedonian independence referendum.[93]
Norway Constitution Day 17 May 1814 Denmark National Day: Independence and the Constitution of Norway (17 May 1814).
Independence Day 7 June 1905 Sweden Union Dissolution and Independence Day (7 June 1905).
Pakistan Independence Day (Youm-e-Azadi) 14 August 1947 United Kingdom Effective date of the Indian Independence Act 1947;[b][94] see also: Pakistan Day (23 March).
Palau Independence Day 1 October 1994 United States 9 July 1980 is Palau's Constitution Day usually commemorated with formal events. Independence Day celebrations are more elaborate and last several days.
Palestine Independence Day 1 October 1948 Israel 1948 Palestinian Declaration of Independence on 1 October 1948.
15 November 1988 Palestinian Declaration of Independence on 15 November 1988.
Panama Independence Day 28 November 1821 Spain Independence Act of Panama
Separation Day 3 November 1903 Colombia Panama was member of Gran Colombia until 1903. The 1903 separation from Colombia is celebrated as an official holiday day on 3 November.
Papua New Guinea Independence Day 16 September 1975 Australia Effective date of the Papua New Guinea Independence Act 1975[95]
Paraguay Independence Day 14 and 15 May 1811 Spain[96] Revolution of May 14.[97]
Peru Independence Day 28 July 1821 Spain Peruvian independence proclaimed by General José de San Martín.[98]
Philippines Independence Day (Araw ng Kalayaan or Araw ng Kasarinlan) 12 June 1898 Philippine Declaration of Independence by Emilio Aguinaldo during the Philippine Revolution against Spain. The Philippines achieved self-rule from the United States on 4 July 1946, and celebrated 4 July as Independence Day until 1964.[101]
Republic Day 4 July 1946 United States Treaty of Manila.[102]
Poland Independence Day (Święto Niepodległości) 11 November 1918 Russia
Austria-Hungary
Germany		 Restoration of Poland's independence in 1918 after 123 years of partitions by Russia, Prussia, and Austria.
Portugal Restoration of Independence 1 December 1640 Spain Portugal was officially an autonomous state, but the country was in a personal union with the Spanish crown from 1580 to 1640 – date of the restoration of full Portuguese autonomy from Iberian Union with Spain.[103]
Qatar National Day 18 December 1878 Ottoman Empire On 18 December 1878, Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani succeeded his father, Mohammed bin Thani as ruler of the Qatari Peninsula. He was deemed to have unified all the local tribes by combating external forces, such as the British. He also earned a considerable degree of autonomy for the tribes of the peninsula.[104][105]
Romania National Independence Day
(Ziua Independenței Naționale)		 10 May 1877 Ottoman Empire Romania's declaration of its independence and subsequent victory in the Romanian War of Independence, part of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, against the Ottoman Empire.[106]
Great Union Day
(Ziua Unirii Mare)		 1 December 1918 Kingdom of Romania
Bukovina (Austria-Hungary)
Transylvania (Austria-Hungary)
Bessarabia (Russian Empire)		 Unification of Romania on 1 December 1918
Rwanda Independence Day 1 July 1962 Belgium Effective date of the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1746 terminating the Rwanda-Urundi Trusteeship.[24][25]
Saint Kitts and Nevis Independence Day 19 September 1983 United Kingdom Association with the United Kingdom fully terminated.[107]
Saint Lucia Independence Day 22 February 1979 Association with the United Kingdom fully terminated.[108]
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Independence Day 27 October 1979 Association with the United Kingdom fully terminated.[109]
Samoa Independence Day 1 June 1962 New Zealand Named Western Samoa until 1997, it was the first Polynesian nation to be recognized as a sovereign state in the 20th century.[110]
São Tomé and Príncipe Independence Day 12 July 1975 Portugal Effective date of the agreement with Portugal reached on 26 November 1974.[111][112]
Senegal Independence Day 4 April 1960 France Transfer of power agreement signed between the Mali Federation and France.[113]
Serbia Statehood Day 15 February 1804 and 1835 Ottoman Empire Outbreak of the First Serbian Uprising in 1804, which evolved into a Serbian Revolution; the adoption of the first modern constitution in 1835.
Seychelles Independence Day 29 June 1976 United Kingdom Sir James R. Mancham became the country's first President, with France-Albert René as Prime Minister.[114]
Sierra Leone Independence Day 27 April 1961 On 20 April 1960, Milton Margai led a 24-member Sierra Leonean delegation at constitutional conferences that were held with the Government of Queen Elizabeth II and British Colonial Secretary Iain Macleod in negotiations for independence held in London. On the conclusion of talks in London on 4 May 1960, the United Kingdom agreed to grant Sierra Leone independence on 27 April 1961.[115][116]
Singapore National Day (Hari Kebangsaan) 9 August 1965 Malaysia Proclamation of Singapore.
Slovakia Independence Day 28 October 1918 Austria-Hungary Independence declaration by the Czechoslovak National Council.[117]
Independence Day 17 July 1992 Czechoslovakia Declaration of Independence in 1992 (only a remembrance day), de jure independence came on 1 January 1993, after the division of Czechoslovakia (public holiday).
Restoration Day 1 January 1993 Czechoslovakia Effective date of the Dissolution of Czechoslovakia into Czech Republic and Slovakia.[50] Establishment of the first Slovak state since the First Slovak Republic.
Slovenia Statehood Day 25 June 1991 Yugoslavia Date of Slovenia's declaration of independence from Yugoslavia in 1991.
Independence and Unity Day 26 December 1990 Yugoslavia Date of the release of the official results of the independence plebiscite in 1990, confirming secession from Yugoslavia.
Solomon Islands Independence Day 7 July 1978 United Kingdom Solomon Islands Act 1978.[118]
Somalia Independence Day 26 June 1960 United Kingdom
Italy		 British Somaliland gained independence from the United Kingdom, although Italian Somaliland wouldn't do so from Italy until five days later.[119]
Republic Day 1 July 1960 The former Italian and British Somalilands unified as the Somali Republic on 1 July 1960.[120]
Sri Lanka Independence Day (Jātika Dinaya) 4 February 1948 United Kingdom Celebrates to commemorate the country's political independence from British rule in 1948.[121] Event celebrated annually.
Sudan Independence Day 1 January 1956  United Kingdom
Egypt		 A polling process was carried out resulting in the composition of a democratic parliament and Ismail al-Azhari was elected first Prime Minister and led the first modern Sudanese government. On 1 January 1956, in a special ceremony held at the People's Palace, the Egyptian and British flags were lowered and the new Sudanese flag, composed of green, blue and yellow stripes, was raised in their place by the prime minister Ismail al-Azhari.[122]
South Sudan Independence Day 9 July 2011 Sudan The 2011 South Sudanese independence referendum resulted in an overwhelming 98.3% vote in favor of independence, with well over 60% turnout. The predetermined date for the creation of an independent state was 9 July 2011.[123][124]
Suriname Independence Day (Srefidensi) 25 November 1975 Netherlands Under the left-wing pro-independence Den Uyl cabinet Suriname gained independence, albeit with substantial Dutch foreign aid.[125]
 Switzerland National Day 1 August 1291 Holy Roman Empire Alliance against the Holy Roman Empire in 1291.
Sweden National Day 6 June 1523 Kalmar Union Celebrates the election of King Gustav Vasa in 1523 and the new constitutions in 1809 and 1974. The election of King Gustav Vasa was the de facto end of the Kalmar Union.[126]
Syria Independence Day 17 April 1946  France End of the French Mandate of Syria in 1946.
Tajikistan Independence Day 9 September 1991 Soviet Union On 9 September 1991, at the session Supreme Soviet, a Resolution and Declaration "On State Independence of the Republic of Tajikistan" was adopted, being formally signed by acting president Qadriddin Aslonov.[127][128]
Tanzania Independence Day 9 December 1961 United Kingdom Independence as Tanganyika.
Timor-Leste Proclamation of Independence Day 28 November 1975 Portugal East Timor Unilateral Declaration of Independence from the Portuguese rule in 1975.
Day of Restoration of Independence 20 May 2002 Indonesia Timorese independence from Indonesian and United Nations administration in 2002.
Togo Independence Day 27 April 1960 France On 13 October 1958 the French government announced that full independence would be granted. On 14 November 1958 the United Nations’ General Assembly took note of the French government's declaration according to which Togo which was under French administration would gain independence in 1960, thus marking an end to the trusteeship period. On 5 December 1959 the United Nations’ General Assembly resolved that the UN Trusteeship Agreement with France for Cameroon would end when Togo became independent on 27 April 1960.[129][130][131]
Liberation Day 13 January 1963 A military coup on 13 January 1963 led to the assassination of President Sylvanus Olympio by a group of soldiers under the direction of Sergeant Gnassingbé Eyadéma.[132]
Tonga Emancipation Day 4 June 1970 United Kingdom Termination of protectorate status in 1970.
Trinidad and Tobago Independence Day 31 August 1962 Effective date of the Trinidad and Tobago Independence Act 1962.
Tunisia Independence Day 20 March 1956 France Termination of the Treaty of Bardo and signing of the Franco-Tunisian protocol led to the relinquishment of French authority over the country.[133]
Turkmenistan Independence Day 27 September 1991 Soviet Union[134] Saparmurat Niyazov was elected as the inaugural President of Turkmenistan.[135]
Tuvalu Independence Day 1 October 1978 United Kingdom Toaripi Lauti became the inaugural Tuvaluan prime minister.[136]
Uganda Independence Day 9 October 1962 United Kingdom Initially a Commonwealth realm, the country would become a republic one year later.[137]
Ukraine Independence Day 24 August 1991 Soviet Union Declaration of Independence of Ukraine
Day of Unity (Den Sobornosti) 22 January 1919  Russian SFSR
Austria-Hungary		 Unification of Ukraine on 22 January 1919.[138]
United Arab Emirates National Day 2 December 1971 United Kingdom Merger of six emirates in the Persian Gulf (Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Sharjah, and Umm Al Quwain) into a federal union.[139]
United States Independence Day or Fourth of July 4 July 1776 Kingdom of Great Britain United States Declaration of Independence
Uruguay Independence Day 25 August 1825 Empire of Brazil Declaration of independence and union with the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata
Uzbekistan Independence Day 1 September 1991 Soviet Union Independence was declared in the same month as the failed coup attempt in Moscow.[140]
Vanuatu Independence Day 30 July 1980 United Kingdom
France		 Name of the country changed from the New Hebrides to Vanuatu.[141]
Vatican City Lateran Treaty Day 11 February 1929 Italy Lateran Treaty establishing Vatican City as an independent state
Venezuela Independence Day 5 July 1811 Spain Venezuelan Declaration of Independence.
Vietnam National Day (Ngày Quốc Khánh) 2 September 1945 Japan
France		 Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
Yemen Independence Day 30 November 1967 United Kingdom Declaration of Independence of the South Yemen
Zambia Independence Day 24 October 1964 United Kingdom Effective date of the Zambia Independence Act 1964.
Zimbabwe Independence Day 18 April 1980 United Kingdom Granting of independence by the United Kingdom in 1980
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