Ipomopsis spicata
Plant species in the phlox family
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ipomopsis spicata, commonly known as the spiked ipomopsis,[3] is a species of plant in the phlox family. It is native to the western United States, where it is widespread from the western Great Plains to the Uintah Basin, south to New Mexico and north to Montana. It is found in a variety of habitats, from dry lowlands to above the timberline.[4]
| Ipomopsis spicata | |
|---|---|
| |
| Ipomopsis spicata subsp. spicata | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Polemoniaceae |
| Genus: | Ipomopsis |
| Species: | I. spicata |
| Binomial name | |
| Ipomopsis spicata | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
It is a perennial that produces a cream colored flowers in the spring.
Taxonomy
Ipomopsis spicata was scientifically described by Thomas Nuttall in 1848 with the name Gilia spicata, placing it in the genus Gilia. The botanist Otto Kuntze proposed moving it to Navarretia in 1891, but it was finally classified in Ipomopsis by Verne Grant in 1956. Together with it genus it is part of the Polemoniaceae family.[5] This species is highly variable through its range. Due to its occupation of many ecologically distinct and geographically isolated habitats, many subspecies and variety have been named.[4] According to Plants of the World Online it has one accepted variety and five accepted subspecies.[5]
- Ipomopsis spicata subsp. capitata[6] – Endemic to Colorado in the Collegiate Range[7]
- Ipomopsis spicata var. cephaloidea – Native to Montana and Wyoming[8]
- Ipomopsis spicata subsp. orchidacea – Native to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming[9]
- Ipomopsis spicata subsp. robruthiae[10] – endemic to the Absaroka Range of Wyoming[11]
- Ipomopsis spicata subsp. spicata – widespread in the Rocky Mountains and western Great Plains[12]
- Ipomopsis spicata subsp. tridactyla[13] – endemic to the Markagunt Plateau of Utah[14]
Ipomopsis spicata has 14 synonyms of the species, its variety, and five subspecies in total, though only six are species.[15]
| Name | Year | Rank | Synonym of: | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gilia cephaloidea Rydb. | 1897 | species | var. cephaloidea | ≡ hom. |
| Gilia congesta var. orchidacea Brand | 1913 | variety | subsp. orchidacea | ≡ hom. |
| Gilia spicata Nutt. | 1848 | species | I. spicata | ≡ hom. |
| Gilia spicata var. capitata A.Gray | 1870 | variety | subsp. capitata | ≡ hom. |
| Gilia spicata var. cephaloidea (Rydb.) Constance & Rollins | 1936 | variety | var. cephaloidea | ≡ hom. |
| Gilia spicata var. deserta A.Nelson | 1899 | variety | subsp. spicata | = het. |
| Gilia spicata var. orchidacea (Brand) Cronquist | 1959 | variety | subsp. orchidacea | ≡ hom. |
| Gilia spicata var. tridactyla (Rydb.) Constance & Rollins | 1936 | variety | subsp. tridactyla | ≡ hom. |
| Gilia tridactyla Rydb. | 1917 | species | subsp. tridactyla | ≡ hom. |
| Gilia trifida Nutt. | 1848 | species | subsp. spicata | = het. |
| Ipomopsis spicata var. orchidacea (Brand) Dorn | 1988 | variety | subsp. orchidacea | ≡ hom. |
| Ipomopsis spicata var. robruthiae (Wilken & R.L.Hartm.) Dorn | 1992 | variety | subsp. robruthiae | ≡ hom. |
| Ipomopsis tridactyla (Rydb.) S.L.Welsh | 2003 | species | subsp. tridactyla | ≡ hom. |
| Navarretia spicata (Nutt.) Kuntze | 1891 | species | I. spicata | ≡ hom. |
| Notes: ≡ homotypic synonym; = heterotypic synonym | ||||
Range
Spiked ipomopsis is native to nine western US states. Its range extends to a few western counties of South Dakota, Nebraska, and Kansas. It likewise is found in just three counties in northern New Mexico, but grows in many parts of eastern Colorado and one county west of the Great Divide. The species is only known in a few counties of Utah, but in widely separated areas. It is widespread in Wyoming, but only grows in western and southern Montana, crossing over the mountains to also grow in Butte County, Idaho.[3]
.jpeg){kind=small}