Jamal al-Din Shadbakht

He was an Indian freed slave of Nur ad-Din Zengi, and played an important role in the transfer of power from Nur ud-Din to As-Salih Ismail. During the reign of Saladin, he was stripped of his position and was exiled to the fortress of Azaz in 1183.^[1][2]

Shadbakht built two madrassas in Aleppo, including the Al-Shadbakhtiyah Madrasa, as well as a khanqah in Harran.^[3]