John D. Henderson

Henderson was born in Pennsylvania but moved to the Kansas Territory, where he became a leading advocate of slavery. The proprietor and editor of the Leavenworth Journal, he was elected chairman of the central committee of the pro-slavery National Democratic Party of Kansas but was later accused of vote fraud.^[2]

In 1859, Henderson built a ranch, trading post and hotel on Henderson Island in the South Platte River in Arapaho County, Kansas Territory, from which he sold meat and provisions to gold seekers on their way up the South Platte River Trail to the gold fields during the Pike's Peak Gold Rush. Henderson Island was the first permanent settlement in the South Platte River Valley between Fort Saint Vrain in the Nebraska Territory and the Cherry Creek Diggings in the Kansas Territory. He returned to eastern Kansas and fought for the Union in the American Civil War.^[1]

In Colorado, Henderson bought a chain of gold mines; on a visit to Colorado, he and some eighteen others were killed during an encounter with a group of Osage Indians for crossing the Osage territory with loaded weapons.^[1]

The Adams County Fairgrounds are now located on Henderson Island. The community of Henderson, Colorado, has been largely absorbed by Commerce City, Colorado.

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