John Finlator

Finlator was born in 1911 in Louisburg, North Carolina.^[4] He earned a bachelor's degree in history and economics from North Carolina State University, and a master's degree in management from American University.^[5] He was a member of the Cosmos Club and the Sons of the American Revolution.^[5]

In 1937, Finlator became a postal clerk for the United States Post Office Department in North Carolina.^[5] At some point, Finlator worked as an investigator for the Civil Service Commission.^[5] At some point, Finlator was appointed to be the Director of the Office of Manpower Administration for the General Services Administration.^[5]

In 1941, Finlator moved to Washington, D.C. and joined the State Department, where he worked administrative jobs.^[5] By 1954, Finlator was the Executive Officer for the State Department's Office of Security, and the Acting Chief of that office's Division of Investigations.^[6]

On March 7, 1966, Finlator was appointed the first Director of the BDAC by Dr. James L. Goddard.^[7] Finlator served as the first and only director of the bureau.^[7] Officially, Finlator spoke against marijuana, and in favor of convictions while in this office.^[8]

There was a differentiation between the Federal Bureau of Narcotics (FBN) and the BDAC here: FBN had jurisdiction over narcotics such as marijuana, cocaine, opium, and their derivatives.^[2] BDAC had jurisdiction over those other drugs that were considered "dangerous drugs", including LSD and hallucinogenics. Marijuana was not in Finlator's remit or vested enumerated power to pursue, and vice-versa, the FBN did not pursue LSD. However, charges in LSD arrests made by BDAC incidentally sometimes included charges of possession of marijuana.^[9] Finlator also wrote that marijuana would often be laced with LSD, confusing the jurisdictional pursuit of LSD.^[10] Under Finlator's leadership, the BDAC seized millions of units of hallucinogenic drugs, most of it LSD.^[7]

Finlator's BDAC clashed against the culture of the FBN, because his approach was a nontraditional law enforcement approach which he called the "statistical-psychological-educational" approach.^[11] This model defined the structure of BDAC and its three branches, and the modus of the basic BDAC operations.^[11] Finlator wanted an agency that stood apart from the FBN here, in that he wanted to treat drug addiction as a medical issue, and direct his agency to study and work with doctors and the medical community to address the roots of the problems that result in addiction. In sum, BDAC treated addicts like people - while the FBN treated addicts as deviants who should be prosecuted with the full force of the law.^[11]

Finlator came to BDAC with a different approach than most other cops was because he was not a cop, and he did not have a background in law enforcement.^[11] Finlator was a "soft spoken" administrator, but he originally gained the respect of the policing community because he looked the part and was able to secure convictions.^[11] BDAC was also not a traditional law enforcement unit - it belonged to the FDA, which came with a medical approach to drugs and not a police approach.^[11]

On April 8, 1968, Finlator was re-delegated by Attorney General Ramsey Clark to the position of assistant director of the newly established Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (BNDD), where he would keep his pay and grade.^[12] He was transferred on the same day as Henry Giordano, the Commissioner of the FBN.^[12] Finlator was later promoted to deputy director of the agency.

On January 1, 1972, Finlator tendered his resignation.^[13] He resigned at 60 years of age, and 57 was the mandatory retirement age for most federal law enforcement employees.^[14] However, the press of the day reported that he quit the job over his disagreements with marijuana legislation.^[15]