John Keith, 1st Earl of Kintore

A Royalist during the Civil War, Keith and his brother William Keith, 7th Earl Marischal held Dunnottar Castle against Oliver Cromwell's forces in 1651. The Honours of Scotland had been placed at Dunnottar for safety during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, and Robert Overton, commanding a force of the New Model Army besieged the Castle hoping to recover them.

While the regalia was smuggled out of the castle to be hidden at Kinneff Parish church, Keith boarded ship for France, and was captured on his return by the parliamentarians. Keith insisted that he had delivered them to Charles II. The regalia remained at Kinneff until the Restoration.

In 1676, he was made Councillor to the Privy Council of Scotland and a commissioner of the Council for Public Affairs in 1677.^[3] He was created Knight Marischal of Scotland upon Charles II return, and in 1677 was created Earl of Kintore along with the subsidiary title of Lord Keith of Inverurie and Keith Hall, a reward for his part in preserving the Honours of Scotland in various hiding-places during the British Interregnum.^[5] and Between 1684 and 1687 Kintore was Treasurer-Depute of Scotland. He was Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland in 1689. Lord Kintore was a supporter of both the Glorious Revolution and the 1707 Acts of Union.^[6]

On 22 February 1694, Lord Kintore "had a regrant, after resignation, of his titles extending the remainder to his elder brother" George Keith, 7th Earl Marischal, "and the heirs male of his body, whom failing to the heirs general of his own body."^[3]

On 24 April 1662, Kintore was married to Lady Margaret Hamilton (b. 1641), the only child, born posthumously, of Thomas Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Haddington by his second wife Lady Jean Gordon (the third daughter of George Gordon, 2nd Marquess of Huntly and Lady Anne Campbell, herself a daughter of Archibald Campbell, 7th Earl of Argyll).^[3] Together, they were the parents of:^[7]

• Lady Jean Keith (b. 1678), who married Sir William Forbes, 4th Baronet of Monymusk^[8]
• Lady Margaret Keith, who married Maj. Gavin Hamilton of Raploch, a son of William Hamilton of Raploch and Jean (née Kennedy) Hamilton.^[9]
• William Keith, 2nd Earl of Kintore (1695–1718), who married Hon. Catherine Murray, the eldest daughter of David Murray, 4th Viscount of Stormont and Lady Jean Murray (a widow of James Murray, 2nd Earl of Annandale and the eldest daughter of James Carnegie, 2nd Earl of Southesk).^[3]

Lord Kintore died on 12 April 1715. He was succeeded by his only son, William.^[3]