Jorge Córdova

Jorge Córdova was born on April 23, 1822, in the city of La Paz, which at that time still belonged to the Viceroyalty of Peru. Of unknown parents, unfortunately Córdova had been born into a family of very humble origin belonging to the lower class of Bolivia, which led to days after his birth, and while he was still a baby, his parents deciding to abandon him, leaving him at the door of a house belonging to the Asín family, which during that time was a distinguished upper-middle class charitable family from the city of La Paz.^[2]

Said family from La Paz decided to adopt him and raise him in their home, giving him the name of Jorge and later, when the boy had grown up, he himself decided to take the surname of Córdova voluntarily. He began his primary studies in 1827 at the San Francisco School, which at that time oversaw the Franciscan father José Rivero.^[3] While studying at the Franciscan school, Córdova was not a distinguished student because he had never excelled in any subject for any aptitude and according to the Bolivian historian Alcides Arguedas, Córdova also did not have a moral education during his childhood, which later would bring him many problems.

Reaching almost adolescence, Córdova already had a soft and somewhat lazy character but a passionate and sensual temperament. He was expelled from his school for being lazy and undisciplined and then for being a rebellious boy he would also be expelled from the Asín home. During his early years, Córdova was very attracted to a life of laziness and adventure.^[4]

Already on the street and looking for a safe haven, Córdova decided to enlist in the Bolivian Army in March 1834 when he was only 12 years old at the time, just as many youngsters did (his own contemporaries) during that time, adopting the arms career.^[5] But due to his too young age, which prevented him from being a line soldier and in order not to expel him from the ranks, the officers then decide to send the young Córdova to an army music band where he started as a player of the Triangle (musical instrument).

In 1841, the Peruvian Army under the command of its president Agustín Gamarra decides to invade Bolivia to annex Bolivian territories. In defense, under the command of the President of Bolivia at the time, Marshal José Ballivián, who decided to unite all Bolivians (who were fighting at the time).^[5] The armies met at the Battle of Ingavi and Peru was decisively defeated. Córdova would also participate in this battle and at the end of it he would be promoted to the rank of captain (at 20 years of age) in 1842 for his courage and heroic behavior.

A couple of years later, in 1844, already as an army captain, Jorge Córdova married Edelmira Belzú Gorriti (daughter of then Colonel Manuel Isidoro Belzu). From that moment, Córdova would be very attached to his father-in-law both in the family sphere as well as in the political-party sphere. At this point, the prominent Bolivian historian Alcides Arguedas would affirm many years later (in 1929), that both men (Belzú and Córdova) understood each other very well because they had the same origin since both had been born and came from the lower and poor classes. from Bolivia.^[3] The young Córdova continued with his military career, rising quickly due to his connection with Belzu. In 1845, he was promoted to the rank of major and in 1848 to the rank of lieutenant colonel. It is worth mentioning that that year his father-in-law reached the Presidency of Bolivia through a coup against President José Miguel de Velasco, Córdova played a crucial role in the Battle of Yamparáez of 1848.^[6]