This gene encodes a high-affinity dickkopf homolog 1 (DKK1) transmembrane receptor that functionally cooperates with DKK1 to block wingless (WNT)/beta-catenin signaling. The encoded protein is a component of a membrane complex that modulates canonical WNT signaling through lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6). It contains extracellular Kringle, WSC, and CUB domains. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed for this gene.[6]
Kremen1 also has a function in the induction of cell death by apoptosis.[8] This proapoptotic activity is conditional and depends on the absence of ligand Dickkopf1.[8] These observations led to the classification of this protein as a Dependence Receptor.
A mouse knock out of Kremen1 and its paralog Kremen2 is viable and fertile.[11]
