Pekodian languages
Language group
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Pekodian languages are a subgroup of the Cariban language family. The languages are spoken in Mato Grosso and Pará states of Brazil and make up the southernmost branch of Cariban.[1]
distributionMato Grosso and Pará, Brazil
- Pekodian
| Pekodian | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Mato Grosso and Pará, Brazil |
| Linguistic classification | Cariban
|
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | peko1235 |
Meira and Chousou-Polydouri (2015) consider Pekodian to have descended from Cariban migrations that came from the north, as Cariban linguistic diversity is concentrated in northern South America.[2]
The term Pekodian was coined in 2005 by Sérgio Meira and Bruna Franchetto on the basis of a cognate word for ‘woman’ found in these languages, respectively Bakairi pekodo and Ikpeng petkom, but not found in any of the other Cariban languages compared against them.[3]
Languages
Internal classification
Carvalho classifies the Pekodian languages as follows.[1]
The term Kampot is coined by Carvalho (2020) from the lexical innovation *kampot ‘fire’ defining the dialect cluster.
Sound changes
A number of sound changes are shared between Bakairí and Ikpeng:[3]
- In intervocalic position, Proto-Cariban *p becomes w, *t becomes d (further developing to r in Ikpeng), and *k becomes g.
- Proto-Cariban *r becomes l in certain (as-yet undetermined) shared environments.
- Proto-Cariban *w becomes p word-initially (though there are some exceptions in Ikpeng).
- Proto-Cariban *t palatalizes to tʃ before e and i. (Bakairí further develops tʃ to ʃ, ʒ, s, or z.)
- Possibly, the Proto-Cariban sequence *nu-ru reduced to *n-ru, yielding Bakairí nu and Ikpeng ŋ-ru, although these results can also be explained in other ways.