Kareniaceae
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Kareniaceae | |
|---|---|
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| Anatomy of Karenia brevis | |
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| Karenia brevis | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Clade: | Sar |
| Clade: | Alveolata |
| Phylum: | Dinoflagellata |
| Class: | Dinophyceae |
| Order: | Gymnodiniales |
| Family: | Kareniaceae |
Kareniaceae is an accepted marine family of relatively small, toxic, unarmored dinoflagellates belonging to the order Gymnodiniales.[1][2] Species in the Kareniaceae clade often cause harmful discolored green algal blooms (HABs) that pose a safety and health risk to humans (H. sapiens) and the surrounding regions. Such blooms also pose a risk to coastal aquaculture worldwide, especially in places like France, the Atlantic Ocean, the English Channel and the Mediterranean Sea.[3][4]
Species in this family produce neurotoxins like brevetoxins, which cause human shellfish poisoning (HSP), respiratory effects and mass fish death.[5]