Kladno Formation
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Geologic formation in the Czech Republic
| Kladno Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Westphalian | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Underlies | Týnec Formation |
| Location | |
| Region | Pilsen |
| Country | Czech Republic |
The Kladno Formation is a Carboniferous formation in the Czech Republic which preserves a wide array of temnospondyls, lepospondyls and fish,[1] among other fauna.
Invertebrates
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
| Invertebrates | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Higher taxon | Notes | Images | |
| Necymylacris | N. scudderi | Blattodea | Formerly included within Phylloblatta[2] | ||
| Bohemiatupus | B. elegans | Meganeuridae[3] | One of the larger meganisopterans | ||
| Bojophlebia | B. prokopi | Palaeoptera | Largest insect by wingspan other than palaeodictyopterans or griffinflies.[4] | ||
| Carbotriplura | C. kukalovae | Dicondylia | Sister group to Pterygota, formerly classed as a Bojophlebia nymph.[5] | ||
| Pronaidites | P. carbonarius, P. arenivorus | Tubificidae | "P. crenulatus" actually an ichnofossil[6] | ||
| Microconchus | M. vorax, M. minimus | Tentaculita | Formerly classed as a spirorbid[6] | ||
| Prolimulus | P. woodwardi | Bellinuridae | Likely clades with other genera like Alanops.[7] | ||
| Eolycosa[8] | E. lorenzii | Mesothelae incertae sedis[9] | Spider affinities doubted in a 1996 paper[10] | ||
| Geralycosa[8] | G. fricii | Arthromygalidae | May not be a spider[10] | ||
| Rakovnicia[8] | R. antiqua | Tetrapulmonata incertae sedis[9] | |||
| Pyritaranea | P. tubifera | Araneae incertae sedis[9] | Synonymised with Eopholcus | ||
| Nyranytarbus[9][11] | N. hofmanni, N. longipes | Trigonotarbida | Formerly placed within Hemiphrynus | ||
| Doubravatarbus | D. krafti | Aphantomartidae | Likely arboreal, due to being found on a liana-like plant and having relatively gracile legs.[12] | ||
| Tynecotarbus | T. tichaveki | Trigonotarbida | Collected alongside two more fragmentary indeterminate fossils[13] | ||
| Palaranea | P. borassifolia | Araneae incertae sedis | Known from a different locality to other Kladno fauna[9] | ||
| Anthracomartus[9] | A. carcinoides, A. bohemica, A. elegans | Trigonotarbida |  | ||
| Isobuthus | I. nyranensis[14] | Scorpiones | |||
| Prothelyphonus | P. bohemicus[15] | Uropygi | Synonymous with Geralinura[16] |  | |
| Dinopilio | D. gigas | Arachnida incertae sedis[9] | Very large fossil, hence the name | ||
| Geratarbus[8] | G. bohemicus | Phalangiotarbida | |||
| Orthotarbus[8] | O. nyranensis | Phalangiotarbida | |||
| Pleurolycosa | P. prolifera | Arthropoda incertae sedis[9] | |||
| Nyranius | N. costulatus, N. tabulatus | Xyloiuloidea | Formerly within Xylobius[17] |  | |
| Pleurojulus | P. biornatus, P. levis | Pleurojulida | Also known from Mazon Creek[18] |  | |
| Isojulus | I. constans | Pleurojulida | Synonymised with two Pleurojulus species[18] | ||
| Purkynia | P. lata | Zosterogrammida | Very poorly preserved[19] | .jpg) | |
Vertebrates
| Vertebrates | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Higher taxon | Notes | Images | |
| Archaeothyris | A. sp | Ophiacodontidae | Only known from a jaw fragment[20] |  | |
| Brouffia | B. orientalis | Eureptilia | Formerly placed within Gephyrostegus[21] |  | |
| Coelostegus | C. prothales[21] | Eureptilia | Recovered as the basalmost eureptile[22] |  | |
| Gephyrostegus | G. bohemicus[23] | Gephyrostegidae | Formerly included another species, G. watsoni[24] |  | |
| Solenodonsaurus | S. janenschi | Reptiliomorpha? | Resembles diadectomorphs, yet likely not closely related to amniotes[25] |  | |
| Urocordylus | U. angularis[26] | Urocordylinae | Also known from Ireland |  | |
| Sauropleura | S. scalaris | Sauropleurinae | Formerly included in Urocordylus[27] |  | |
| Scincosaurus | S. crassus | Scincosauridae | Formerly synonymised with Keraterpeton,[26] related to diplocaulids[28] |  | |
| Keraterpeton | K. galvani[26] | Diplocaulidae | Bore an unusually long tail |  | |
| Hyloplesion | H. longicostatum | "Microsauria" | Synonymous with "Orthocosta" and "Seeleya"[26][29] |  | |
| Microbrachis | M. pelikani | Recumbirostra | Synonymised with three other species in the same genus[29] |  | |
| Ricnodon | R. copei | Recumbirostra? | May be related to Saxonerpeton[29] | ||
| Crinodon | C. limnophyes | Tuditanidae | Name derives from an anagram of Ricnodon[29] | ||
| Sparodus | S. validus | Gymnarthridae? | Resembles Hylerpeton[29] | ||
| Diplovertebron | D. punctatum | Embolomeri | Synonymous with "Nummulosaurus"[26] |  | |
| Capetus | C. palustris[26] | Temnospondyli | One of the most basal temnospondyls[30] |  | |
| Cochleosaurus | C. bohemicus | Cochleosauridae | Adult specimens only found in 2003[31] |  | |
| Mordex | M. calliprepes[26] | Trematopidae | Unclear position within the family[32] | ||
| Mattauschia | M. laticeps | Trematopidae | Formerly included in Mordex,[32] includes "Potamochoston" and several "Limnerpeton" species[33] | ||
| Nyranerpeton[34] | N. amilneri | Micromelerpetontidae | Also known from the Montceau-les-Mines lagerstätte[35] | ||
| Limnogyrinus | L. elegans | Micromelerpetontidae | Formerly included within "Limnerpeton"[33] | ||
| Oestocephalus[36] | O. granulosum, O. nanum | Aistopoda | Formerly included within Ophiderpeton[26] |  | |
| Phlegethontia | P. longissima, "Dolichosoma scutiferum" | Aistopoda | Formerly included within the nomen nudum "Dolichosoma"[37][26] |  | |
| Baphetes | B. orientalis | Baphetidae | Formerly known as "Loxomma bohemicum"[38] | ||
| Stambergichthys | S. macrodens | Actinopterygii | Likely a high-level predator in its ecosystem[1] | ||
| Sceletophorus | S. biserialis, S. verrucosus | Trissolepididae[39] | |||
| Pyritocephalus | P. sculptus | Haplolepiformes[39] | Synonymous with other Pyritocephalus species | ||
Plants
Non-seed plants
| Non-seed plants | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Higher taxon | Notes | Images | |
| Kladnostrobus | K. clealii, K. psendae | Lycopsida | Within the monotypic family Kladnostrobaceae due to differing sporangia structure[40] | ||
| Lepidophloios | L. acerosus | Lepidodendrales | Mistakenly spelled "Lepidofloios" in the paper reporting its presence[41] |  | |
| Lepidodendron | L. acutum, L. simile,[41] L. aculeatum, L. ophiurum,[42] L. lycopodioides[43] | Lepidodendrales | One of the most abundant Carboniferous plants |  | |
| Flemingites | F. sp | Lepidodendrales | Cone taxon[41] | ||
| Lepidocarpon | L. majus[42] | Lepidodendrales | Sporangium taxon[41] | ||
| Sigillaria | S. rugosa, S. diploderma | Lepidodendrales | S. diploderma only known from a small fragment[41] |  | |
| Syringodendron | S. sp | Lepidodendrales | Stem taxon[41] | ||
| Omphalophloios | O. feistmantelli[42] | Isoetales | Questionable specimen known from a fragment of a fertile axis[41] |  | |
| Stigmaria | S. ficoides[41] | Lepidodendrales | Form taxon representing roots |  | |
| Calamites | C. carinatus, C. distachya?, C. cistii?[42] | Calamitaceae | Second species is closest to C. distachya, but poor preservation means its affinity is unclear[41] |  | |
| Annularia | A. radiata[41] | Calamitaceae | Leaf taxon of Calamites stems |  | |
| Asterophylites | A. longifolius, A. equisetiformis, A. grandis[43] | Calamitaceae | One specimen preserves the tip of a branch with dense leaves[41] | ||
| Sphenophyllum | S. cuneifolium, S. pseudoaquense, S. ?majus,[43] S. priveticense[44] | Sphenophyllales | Very common, but often poorly preserved[41] |  | |
| Bowmanites | B. priveticensis, B. myriophyllus, B. pseudoaquensis, B. brasensis[45] | Sphenophyllales | Cones of Sphenophyllum[44] | ||
| Lobatopteris | L. aspidioides | Marattiales | Only one small fragment preserved[41] |  | |
| Corynepteris | C. sternbergii, C. angustissima, C. essinghii[42] | Zygopteridales | C. sternbergii may be synonymous with C. angustissima[41] |  | |
| Senftenbergia | S. plumosa | Tedeleaceae (Filicales) | Common elsewhere, yet rare in Kladno[41] |  | |
| Zeilleria | Z. delicatula | Filicales incertae sedis[41] | Shares its name with a Jurassic brachiopod | ||
| Renaultia | R. crepinii | Filicales incertae sedis | Only known from a fragment[41] |  | |
| Sphenopteris | S. rotundifolia, S. mixta, S. delicatula, S. acutiloba, S. ujezdensis, S. pulcherrima,[42] S. cirrhifolia,[46] S. spinosa[43] | Filicales incertae sedis (rotundifolia), Lyginopteridales (others) | Includes seed plants and a fern[41] |  | |
| Aphlebia | A. sp | Indeterminate | Artificial taxon; may belong to another species preserved.[41] |  | |
| Noeggerathia | N. foliosa, N. intermedia[47] | Noeggerathiales | Most common plant in the sampled fossils[42] |  | |
| Archaeonoeggerathia | A. schatzlarensis[47] | Noeggerathiales | |||
| Discosoropteris | D. zlatkokvacekii, D. chlupatum | Filicales incertae sedis | Likely a short, upright plant[48] | ||
| Spencerites | S. leismanii, S. havlenae[43] | Lycopsida incertae sedis | A member of the "sub-arborescent" lycophytes[49][46] | ||
| Dendraena | D. pinnatilobata | Anachoropteridaceae (Filicales) | Likely grew near river margins,[50] a very common plant[46] | ||
| Kidstonia | K. heracleensis | Filicales | Likely a small understorey fern[46] | ||
| Desmopteris | D. alethopteroides, D. longifolia[43] | Filicales | Likely bore procumbent (growing along the ground) rhizomes[46] | ||
| Selaginella | S. gutbieri,[43] S. labutae[51] | Selaginellaceae | Extant genus |  | |
| Palaeostachya | P. distachya, P. gracilima | Calamitaceae | Cone taxon,[43] although with a complete plant known from the early Permian of China[52] |  | |
| Pecopteris | P. aspidioides, P. tuffitica[53] | Psaroniaceae | Likely a mid-sized tree fern[43] | _(Mazon_Creek_Lagerstätte,_Francis_Creek_Shale,_Middle_Pennsylvanian;_Mazon_Creek_area,_Illinois,_USA)_1.jpg) | |
| Sonapteris | S. pilsensis, S. barthelii, S. bekii[43] | Botryopteridaceae (Filicales) | Possibly a liana-like plant?[53] | ||
| Oligocarpia | O. lindsaeoides | Gleicheniales? | Probably a liana-like plant[43] |  | |
| Adiantites | A. sp | Progymnospermopsida | Likely a low-lying plant[43] | ||
| Echinosporangites | E. libertite | Filicopsida? | Sporangium taxon, parent plant unknown[54] | ||
| Polysporia | P. drabekii, P. rothwelii, P. radvanicensis, P. robusta | Isoetales | A sub-arborescent lycophyte[55] | ||
| Huttonia | H. spicata | Equisetales | Cone taxon[56] | ||
| Thomasites | T. serrata, T. elongatus | Lycopsida | T. elongatus formerly placed in Selaginellites[57] | ||
Seed plants
| Seed plants | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Higher taxon | Notes | Images | |
| Alethopteris | A. lonchitica, A. distantinervosa, A. pseudograndinioides, A. kettneri, A. serlii | Medullosales | A. pseudograndinioides is a replacement name for the illegitimate "A. grandinioides"[58] |  | |
| Neuromariopteris | N. scandens | Callistophytales | Likely a creeping plant growing on ridge slopes[59] | ||
| Eusphenopteris | E. nummularia | Lyginopteridales | While a large (>1 m) frond was found, it could not be transported from the site.[41] |  | |
| Lonchopteris | L. rugosa | Medullosales | Possible record of L. chandesrisii (although based on a poorly preserved specimen) also known[58] |  | |
| Macroneuropteris | M. scheuchzeri | Medullosales | Formerly placed within Neuropteris[58] |  | |
| Neuropteris | N. plicata | Medullosales | Placement of this species is unclear in relation to N. ovata.[58] |  | |
| Odontopteris | O. reichiana | Medullosales | May be synonymous with O. brardii[58] | .JPG) | |
| Callipteridium | C. rubescens, C. armasii | Medullosales | May be synonymous with C. jongmansii[58] |  | |
| Laveineopteris | L. loshii, L. tenuifolia, L. bohemica, L. lubnensis, L. hollandica | Medullosales | L. loshii is abundant elsewhere, while some other species are endemic to the Kladno Formation[58] |  | |
| Palaeoweichselia | P. defrancei | Medullosales | Described from Kladno in a 2020 overview paper despite specimens being already known prior[58] | ||
| Linopteris | L. neuropteroides, L. obliqua, L. weigelii | Medullosales | L. neuropteroides is split into two forms, neuropteroides and minor.[58] |  | |
| Paripteris | P. linguaefolia | Medullosales | Included alleged records of P. gigantea[58] | ||
| Havlenaea[60] | H. coriacea, H. stradonitzensis | Medullosales | Formerly placed within Neuropteris[58] | ||
|
M. muensterifolia |
Too poorly preserved to place within a new genus, yet does not belong to Mixoneura either[58] |
||||
| Rhacopteris | R. elegans | Pteridospermatophyta | Only known from one isolated pinnule (leaf cluster)[42] |  | |
| Cordaites | C. theodorii, C. wartmannii, C. kladnoensis,[61] C. borassifolius[43] | Cordaitales | C. theodorii is only known from this formation[42] |  | |
| Palmatopteris | P. furcata | Lyginopteridales | Probably a liana-like plant[43] |  | |
| Mariopteris | M. muricata | Lyginopteridales | Likely a vining plant, as its fossils are all associated with Lepidodendron.[43] |  | |
| Fortopteris | F. radnicensis | Medullosales | Not given a type specimen in its original description within Mariopteris.[62] | ||
| Rhodeites | R. gutbieri | Lyginopteridales | Likely a canopy-dwelling climber[63] | ||
References
- 1 2 Barták, Pavel; Ivanov, Martin; Tihlaříková, Eva; Olbert, Martin; Neděla, Vilém (2024). "New, large actinopterygian fishes from the upper Carboniferous of Nýřany, Czech Republic". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 69. doi:10.4202/app.01162.2024.
- ↑ Lucas, Spencer G.; DiMichele, William A.; Schneider, Joerg W. (2022). "THE LATE PENNSYLVANIAN NEARSHORE INSECT FAUNA OF THE KINNEY BRICK QUARRY INVERTEBRATE AND VERTEBRATE FOSSIL LAGERSTÄTTE, NEW MEXICO". Newsletter on Carboniferous Stratigraphy. 36 (17–21). hdl:10088/113008. ISSN 2772-8625.
- ↑ Prokop, Jakub; Nel, André (January 2010). "New griffenfly, Bohemiatupus elegans from the Late Carboniferous of western Bohemia in the Czech Republic (Odonatoptera: Meganisoptera: Meganeuridae)". Annales de la Société entomologique de France. New Series. 46 (1–2): 183–188. doi:10.1080/00379271.2010.10697655.
- ↑ Sroka, Pavel; Staniczek, Arnold H.; Bechly, Günter (2 November 2015). "Revision of the giant pterygote insect Bojophlebia prokopi Kukalová-Peck, 1985 (Hydropalaeoptera: Bojophlebiidae) from the Carboniferous of the Czech Republic, with the first cladistic analysis of fossil palaeopterous insects". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 13 (11): 963–982. Bibcode:2015JSPal..13..963S. doi:10.1080/14772019.2014.987958.
- ↑ Staniczek, Arnold H.; Sroka, Pavel; Bechly, Günter (October 2014). "Neither silverfish nor fowl: the enigmatic Carboniferous Carbotriplura kukalovae Kluge, 1996 (Insecta: Carbotriplurida) is the putative fossil sister group of winged insects (Insecta: Pterygota)". Systematic Entomology. 39 (4): 619–632. Bibcode:2014SysEn..39..619S. doi:10.1111/syen.12076.
- 1 2 Štamberg, Stanislav; Zajíc, Jaroslav (2008). Carboniferous and Permian faunas and their occurence [sic] in the limnic basins of the Czech Republic. Hradec Králové: Muzeum Východních Čech. ISBN 978-80-85031-77-5.
- ↑ Lustri, Lorenzo; Laibl, Lukáš; Bicknell, Russell D.C. (8 March 2021). "A revision of Prolimulus woodwardi Fritsch, 1899 with comparison to other highly paedomorphic belinurids". PeerJ. 9 e10980. doi:10.7717/peerj.10980. PMC 7950201. PMID 33732551.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Petrunkevitch, Alexander (1953). "53: PALEOZOIC AND MESOZOIC ARACHNIDA OF EUROPE". Geological Society of America. Geological Society of America Memoirs. 53. doi:10.1130/MEM53.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Lucas, Spencer G.; DiMichele, William A.; Schneider, Joerg W. (2022). "The Kinney Brick Quarry Lagerstätte, Late Pennsylvanian of New Mexico, USA". Newsletter on Carboniferous Stratigraphy. 36 (17–21). hdl:10088/113008. ISSN 2772-8625.
- 1 2 Selden, P.A. (1996), "First fossil mesothele spider from the Carboniferous of France" (PDF), Revue suisse de Zoologie, hors série: 585–596, retrieved 2016-03-18
- ↑ Harvey, Mark; Selden, Paul (January 1995). "Nyranytarbus, replacement name for Hemiphrynus Frič , 1901 (Trigonotarbida: Eophrynidae)". Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society. 10 (2).
- ↑ Hradská, I.; Opluštil, S.; Selden, P.A.; Dunlop, J.A. (5 June 2022). "A new species of trigonotarbid arachnid from the Pilsen Basin of the Czech Republic". Bulletin of Geosciences: 261–268. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1842.
- ↑ Hradská, Ivana; Dunlop, Jason A. (2013). "New records of Pennsylvanian trigonotarbid arachnids from West Bohemia, Czech Republic" (PDF). The Journal of Arachnology. 41 (3): 335–341. doi:10.1636/Ha12-41.1. ISSN 0161-8202. JSTOR 23610250.
- ↑ Frič, Antonín (1904). Palaeozoische Arachniden.
- ↑ Tetlie, O. Erik; Dunlop, Jason A. (March 2008). "Geralinura carbonaria (Arachnida; Uropygi) from Mazon Creek, Illinois, USA, and the origin of subchelate pedipalps in whip scorpions". Journal of Paleontology. 82 (2): 299–312. Bibcode:2008JPal...82..299T. doi:10.1666/06-138.1.
- ↑ Dunlop, Jason A.; Penney, David; Jekel, Denise. "A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives" (PDF). World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-10-06. Retrieved 2025-05-12.
- ↑ Hoffman, Richard L. (1963). "New Genera and Species of Upper Paleozoic Diplopoda". Journal of Paleontology. 37 (1): 167–174. ISSN 0022-3360. JSTOR 1301419.
- 1 2 Wilson, Heather M.; Hannibal, Joseph T. (2005). "Taxonomy and Trunk-Ring Architecture of Pleurojulid Millipedes (Diplopoda: Chilognatha: Pleurojulida) from the Pennsylvanian of Europe and North America" (PDF). Journal of Paleontology. 79 (6): 1105–1119. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2005)079[1105:TATAOP]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0022-3360. JSTOR 4094997.
- ↑ Wilson, Heather M. (September 2005). "Zosterogrammida, A New Order of Millipedes from the Middle Silurian of Scotland and the Upper Carboniferous of Euramerica". Palaeontology. 48 (5): 1101–1110. Bibcode:2005Palgy..48.1101W. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00498.x.
- ↑ Reisz, Robert (1975). "Pennsylvanian Pelycosaurs from Linton, Ohio and Nýřany, Czechoslovakia". Journal of Paleontology. 49 (3): 522–527. ISSN 0022-3360. JSTOR 1303422.
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- ↑ Müller, Johannes; Reisz, Robert R. (1 June 2006). "The Phylogeny of Early Eureptiles: Comparing Parsimony and Bayesian Approaches in the Investigation of a Basal Fossil Clade". Systematic Biology. 55 (3): 503–511. doi:10.1080/10635150600755396. PMID 16861212.
- ↑ Jaekel, O. (1902): Gephyrostegus bohemicus, n.g. n.sp. Zeitschrift der Deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft 54: (Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft): 127–132
- ↑ Brough, Margaret C.; Brough, J. (1967). "The Genus Gephyrostegus" (PDF). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 252 (776): 147–165. Bibcode:1967RSPTB.252..147B. doi:10.1098/rstb.1967.0006. ISSN 0080-4622. JSTOR 2416682.
- ↑ Danto, Marylène; Witzmann, Florian; Müller, Johannes (August 2012). "Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of Solenodonsaurus janenschi Broili, 1924, from the Late Carboniferous of Nýřany, Czech Republic". Fossil Record. 15 (2): 45–59. doi:10.1002/mmng.201200003.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Steen, Margaret C. (July 1938). "On the Fossil Amphibia from the Gas Coal of Nýřrany and other Deposits in Czechoslovakia". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. B108 (2): 205–283. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1938.tb00027.x.
- ↑ Barták, Pavel; Ivanov, Martin (3 October 2023). "The exceptionally well-preserved Sauropleura scalaris (Nectridea: Urocordylidae) from the late Carboniferous of the Czech Republic: new information on ontogeny, lateral line and tail". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 199 (2): 392–416. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad039.
- ↑ Milner, Angela; Ruta, Marcello (January 2009). "A revision of Scincosaurus (Tetrapoda, Nectridea) from the Moscovian of Nýřany, Czech Republic, and the phylogeny and interrelationships of nectrideans". Special Papers in Palaeontology. 81: 71–89.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Carroll, Robert Lynn; Gaskill, Pamela (1978). The order Microsauria. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society. ISBN 978-0-87169-126-2.
- ↑ Sequeira, Sandra E. K.; Milner, Andrew R. (September 1993). "The temnospondyl amphibian Capetus from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic" (PDF). Palaeontology. 36 (3): 657–680.
- ↑ Sequeira, Sandra E. K. (March 2003). "The skull of Cochleosaurus bohemicus Frič, a temnospondyl from the Czech Republic (Upper Carboniferous) and cochleosaurid interrelationships". Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences. 94 (1): 21–43. doi:10.1017/S0263593300000511.
- 1 2 Milner, Andrew R. (March 2018). "Two primitive trematopid amphibians (Temnospondyli, Dissorophoidea) from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 109 (1–2): 201–223. Bibcode:2018EESTR.109..201M. doi:10.1017/S1755691018000725.
- 1 2 Sequeira, Sandra E. K.; Milner, Andrew R. (2003). "Revision of the amphibian genus Limnerpeton (Temnospondyli) from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic - Acta Palaeontologica Polonica". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 48 (1): 128–141.
- ↑ Werneburf, Ralf (2012). "Dissorophoide Amphibien aus dem Westphalian D v (Ober-Karbon) von Nýrany in Böhmen (Tschechische Republik) – der Schlüssel zum Verständnis der frühen 'Branchiosaurier'". Semana. 27: 3–50.
- ↑ Werneburg, Ralf (2019). "Dissorophoid amphibians from the Carboniferous-Permian boundary of France". Semana. 34: 11–51.
- ↑ Milner, Angela C. (1993). "The aïstopod amphibian from the Viséan of East Kirkton, West Lothian, Scotland". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 84 (3–4): 363–368. Bibcode:1993EESTR..84..363M. doi:10.1017/S0263593300006167.
- ↑ Baird, Donald. (1964). "The aïstopod amphibians surveyed". Breviora. 206: 1––17.
- ↑ Milner, Angela C.; Milner, Andrew R.; Walsh, Stig A. (May 2009). "A new specimen of Baphetes from Nýřany, Czech Republic and the intrinsic relationships of the Baphetidae". Acta Zoologica. 90 (s1): 318–334. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6395.2008.00340.x.
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- ↑ Bek, Jiri; Libertín, Milan; Drábková, Jana (June 2009). "Spencerites leismanii sp. nov., a new sub-arborescent compression lycopsid and its spores from the Pennsylvanian of the Czech Republic". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 155 (3–4): 116–132. Bibcode:2009RPaPa.155..116B. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2007.12.007.
- ↑ Frojdova, J.; Pšenička, J.; Bek, J.; Martinek, K. (31 March 2017). "Revision of Dendraena pinnatilobata Němejc from the Pennsylvanian of the Czech Republic". Bulletin of Geosciences: 75–94. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1628.
- ↑ Bek, Jiří; Libertín, Milan; Drábková, Jana (June 2009). "Selaginella labutae sp. nov., a new compression herbaceous lycopsid and its spores from the Kladno–Rakovník Basin, Bolsovian of the Czech Republic". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 155 (3–4): 101–115. Bibcode:2009RPaPa.155..101B. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2007.12.010.
- ↑ Liu, Li; Pšenička, Josef; Bek, Jiří; Wan, Mingli; Pfefferkorn, Hermann W.; Wang, Jun (November 2021). "A whole calamitacean plant Palaeostachya guanglongii from the Asselian (Permian) Taiyuan Formation in the Wuda Coalfield, Inner Mongolia, China". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 294 104245. Bibcode:2021RPaPa.29404245L. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2020.104245.
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- ↑ Pšenička, Josef; Bek, Jiří (June 2009). "A new reproductive organ Echinosporangites libertite gen. and sp. nov. and its spores from the Pennsylvanian (Bolsovian) of the Pilsen Basin, Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 155 (3–4): 145–158. Bibcode:2009RPaPa.155..145P. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2007.12.004.
- ↑ Bek, Jiří; Drábková, Jana; Dašková, Jiřina; Libertín, Milan (December 2008). "The sub-arborescent lycopsid genus Polysporia Newberry and its spores from the Pennsylvanian (Bolsovian–Stephanian B) continental basins of the Czech Republic". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 152 (3–4): 176–199. Bibcode:2008RPaPa.152..176B. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2008.05.002.
- ↑ Libertı́n, Milan; Bek, Jiřı́ (February 2004). "Huttonia spicata (Sternberg) emend. and its spores, the Radnice Basin (Bolsovian), Carboniferous continental basins of the Czech Republic". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 128 (3–4): 247–261. Bibcode:2004RPaPa.128..247L. doi:10.1016/S0034-6667(03)00136-2.
- ↑ Bek, Jiří; Pšenička, Josef; Drábková, Jana; Zhou, Wei-Ming; Wang, Jun (March 2023). "Thomasites gen. nov. a new herbaceous lycophyte and its spores from late Duckmantian of the Radnice Basin, Czech Republic and palynological grouping of Palaeozoic herbaceous lycophytes". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 310 104842. Bibcode:2023RPaPa.31004842B. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2023.104842.
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- ↑ Šimůnek, Zbyněk; Haldovský, Jan (March 2025). "New callistophytalean species from the Duckmantian of the Kladno-Rakovník Basin, Czech Republic". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 334 105283. Bibcode:2025RPaPa.33405283S. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105283.
- ↑ Šimůnek, Zbynek; Cleal, Christopher J. (August 2011). "Imparipinnate neuropteroid foliage (Medullosales) from the middle Westphalian of the West and Central Bohemia Coal Basin, Czech Republic". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 166 (3–4): 163–201. Bibcode:2011RPaPa.166..163S. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2011.05.005.
- ↑ Šimunek, Zbynek; Haldovsky, Jan (13 July 2015). "Contribution to the knowledge of Cordaites species from the Kladno-Rakovník Basin, Middle Pennsylvanian (Bolsovian), Czech Republic". Geologia Croatica. 68 (2): 93–111. Bibcode:2015GeolC..68...93S. doi:10.4154/GC.2015.11.
- ↑ Pšenička, Josef (January 1999). "Fortopteris radnicensis (Němejc) Boersma, comb. nov. from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic". Věstnik Českého geologického ústavu. 74 (3): 243–260.
- ↑ Pšenička, J.; Schultka, S. (30 June 2009). "Revision of the Carboniferous genus Rhodeites Němejc from European and American localities". Bulletin of Geosciences: 241–256. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1105.