Liberal Democratic Party–Komeito coalition
Political party in Japan
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The Liberal Democratic Party–Komeito coalition was an alliance in Japan between the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and Komeito. A coalition government between the parties has been established twice: the first from 5 October 1999 to 16 September 2009, and the second from 26 December 2012 to 10 October 2025, when Komeito announced their exit from the coalition.
Takenori Kanzaki (Komeito)
Tetsuo Saito (Komeito)
Liberal Democratic Party–Komeito coalition 自公連立政権 Jikō Renritsu Seiken | |
|---|---|
| First leaders | Keizō Obuchi (LDP) Takenori Kanzaki (Komeito) |
| Last leaders | Sanae Takaichi (LDP) Tetsuo Saito (Komeito) |
| Founded | 5 October 1999 |
| Dissolved | 10 October 2025 |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Big tent[A] |
| Alliance parties | |
^ A: Komeito is a centrist party, but the right-wing LDP held a much larger number of seats. | |
History
The two parties formed a coalition in October 1999 during the premiership of Keizō Obuchi.[1]
The coalition was roundly defeated and lost power in the 2009 general election. In the general election on 16 December 2012, the LDP/Komeito coalition secured a supermajority and came back into government.[2][3]
In the 2024 general election, the LDP–Komeito coalition lost its majority for the first time since 2009. Although the LDP still remained the largest party, the coalition fell short of the 233 seats needed for a majority, securing only 215 and they formed the minority government.[4][5][6]
On 10 October 2025, Komeito chief representative Tetsuo Saito announced that it would leave the ruling coalition, over disagreements with new LDP president Sanae Takaichi.[7][8] Following Komeito's withdrawal, the LDP formed a coalition agreement with the Japan Innovation Party.[9]
Electoral results
House of Representatives
| Election | Leaders | Seats | Constituency | PR Block | Position | Status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDP | Komeito | Number | +/- | Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
| 2000 | Yoshiro Mori | Takenori Kanzaki | 264 / 480 |
New | 26,177,560 | 42.99 | 24,705,457 | 41.28 | 1st | Majority |
| 2003 | Junichiro Koizumi | 271 / 480 |
 7 |
26,975,834 | 45.34 | 29,393,629 | 49.74 |  1st |
Majority | |
| 2005 | 327 / 480 |
56 |
33,499,495 | 49.21 | 34,875,418 | 51.43 | 1st |
Majority | ||
| 2009 | Tarō Asō | Akihiro Ota | 140 / 480 |
 187 |
28,084,966 | 37.57 | 26,864,224 | 38.18 | 2nd |
Opposition |
| 2012 | Shinzo Abe | Natsuo Yamaguchi | 325 / 480 |
185 |
26,529,190 | 44.5 | 23,740,931 | 39.69 | 1st |
Majority |
| 2014 | 326 / 475 |
1 |
26,226,839 | 49.55 | 24,973,152 | 46.82 | 1st |
Majority | ||
| 2017 | 313 / 465 |
13 |
27,333,230 | 49.32 | 25,533,429 | 45.79 | 1st |
Majority | ||
| 2021 | Fumio Kishida | 291 / 465 |
22 |
28,499,166 | 49.6 | 27,029,165 | 47.04 | 1st |
Majority | |
| 2024 | Shigeru Ishiba | Keiichi Ishii | 215 / 465 |
76 |
21,598,163 | 39.81 | 20,547,105 | 37.66 | 1st |
Minority |
House of Councillors
| Election | Leaders | Seats | Constituency | PR Block | Position | Status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDP | Komeito | Total | Contested | Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
| 2001 | Junichiro Koizumi | Takenori Kanzaki | 134 / 247 |
77 / 121 |
25,768,489 | 47.42 | 29,302,531 | 53.53 | 1st | Majority |
| 2004 | 139 / 242 |
60 / 121 |
21,849,718 | 38.93 | 25,418,951 | 45.44 | 1st |
Majority | ||
| 2007 | Shinzo Abe | Akihiro Ota | 103 / 242 |
46 / 121 |
22,140,865 | 37.31 | 24,310,000 | 41.26 | 2nd |
Minority (until 2009) |
| Opposition (since 2009) | ||||||||||
| 2010 | Sadakazu Tanigaki | Natsuo Yamaguchi | 103 / 242 |
60 / 121 |
21,761,901 | 37.26 | 21,711,103 | 37.14 | 2nd |
Opposition (until 2012) |
| Minority (since 2012) | ||||||||||
| 2013 | Shinzo Abe | 135 / 242 |
76 / 121 |
25,405,639 | 47.87 | 26,028,417 | 48.9 | 1st |
Majority | |
| 2016 | 146 / 242 |
70 / 121 |
26,854,215 | 47.48 | 27,687,748 | 49.43 | 1st |
Majority | ||
| 2019 | 141 / 245 |
71 / 124 |
23,943,689 | 47.54 | 24,248,709 | 48.42 | 1st |
Majority | ||
| 2022 | Fumio Kishida | 146 / 248 |
76 / 125 |
24,203,788 | 45.51 | 24,437,677 | 46.09 | 1st |
Majority | |
| 2025 | Shigeru Ishiba | Tetsuo Saito | 122 / 248 |
47 / 125 |
17,645,807 | 29.83 | 18,018,876 | 30.44 | 1st |
Minority |