Liberalism in Peru
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Introduction
Liberalism began with the Progressive Club in 1850, which was the first political party to be organised in Peru. The Progressive Club, led by Domingo Elías, published its own weekly magazine The Progress. Classical liberals of the Republic were in government very few times: 1884-1890 and 1990-1992. Social liberals have betrayed the Republic of Peru.
The timeline
Liberal Party of Peru
- 1884: José Quimper founded the Liberal Party of Peru.
- 1886: The party joined the electoral alliance in support of national conservatives.
- 1889: National conservatives kicked Liberals out of the Congress.
- 1890: The party dissolved.
National Integration Party
- 1982: Miguel Mufarech founded the National Integration Party, the first social liberal party.
- 1985: The party joined the electoral alliance of red fascists.
- 1992: The party betrayed the Republic and pledged obedience to the Fujimorian Empire.
- 1995: The electoral alliance of red fascists dissolved.
Solidarity and Democracy
- 1985: Raúl Salazar, Manuel Moreyra and Javier Silva founded Solidarity and Democracy, the second social liberal party. The party set up an electoral alliance with two clerical fascist parties.
- 1988: The party left the electoral alliance.
- 1989: The party joined the electoral alliance set up by the Liberty Movement.
- 1992: The party betrayed the Republic and pledged obedience to the Fujimorian Empire, but claimed to be the opposition to the other Fujimorians.
- 1994: The party is dissolved and its members joined a red fascist party.
- 2000: The faction who had joined a red fascist party left to join a clerical fascist party.
- 2016: The faction who had not joined other groups founded another social liberal party fully loyal to the Fujimorian Empire.
Liberty Movement
- 1987: Mario Vargas Llosa founded the Liberty Movement (Movimiento de la Libertad).[1]
- 1988: The party set up an electoral alliance with two clerical fascist parties, Solidarity and Democracy, and a progressive conservative party.
- 1990: The party split from the electoral alliance and began to defend liberalism in earnest.
- 1992: The civil war broke out against Fujimorians and the party organised the government in exile together with some extra-parliamentary parties.
- 1993: Some traitors, who had proposed the electoral alliance with some clerical fascist parties, tried to disband the Liberty Movement, but they were arrested by those members loyal to the Peruvian government in exile.
- 2025: The party claimed to have 8 million members.
- 2026: Members of the party have not taken part in the Fujimorian political elections since 1992.
Liberal leaders
- Domingo Elías
- José Quimper
- Pedro Beltrán
- Pedro Roselló
- Enrique Ghersi
Liberal thinkers
In the contributions to liberal theory the following Peruvian thinker is included:
- José Quimper
- Gonzales Prada