Lin Dui

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Lin Dui (Chinese:林兑，Pinyin：lín duì，born 1906) was a native of Longjingzhuang, Dajia County (Chinese:台中州大甲郡龙井庄,pinyin:tái zhōng zhōu dà jiǎ jùn lóng jǐng zhuāng), Taichung Prefecture during the Japanese colonial period. A Taiwanese young man living in Japan with a radical political stance. During his stay in Japan, he was actively engaged in the Socialism movement with strong anti-colonial overtones at the time. He once participated in the 27 Brigade. Later, he was arrested and imprisoned by the Kuomintang authorities many times and fell into despair. His whereabouts after being released from prison are unknown (one theory is that his position had changed and he would no longer participate in politics or social movements after his release. Another said: After torture and imprisonment, Lin Dui finally suffered a mental breakdown).

Lin Dui once studied at Taipei Normal School, but was expelled from the school because of his participation in the student unrest triggered by the travel incident. After dropping out of school, Lin Dui received the help of Chiang Wei-shui, an alumnus of Beijing Normal University, and went to Tokyo to study in March 1925. He transferred to the third grade of the five-year Japanese university junior high school and graduated in March 1928. During his stay in Japan, he actively participated in political and social movements. He once participated in a Petition Movement for the Establishment of a Taiwanese Parliament. He also successively participated in the Taiwan Cultural Movement Reform Association, the Social Science Research Association (later renamed: "Taiwan Academic Research Association"), the Taiwan Youth Association in Tokyo, and Japanese Communist Party and other groups.^[1]^[2]

During his stay in Japan, Lin Dui lived with left-wing figures such as Chen Zhiqi, Wang Liansheng, Lin Tianjin, Wang Minchuan, Lin Chaozong, He Huoyan, and Zhuang Shou, and his thoughts became increasingly left-leaning. After his arrest in the April 16th Incident, Lin Dui once confessed to the Japanese side his past left-leaning and the reasons for joining the Communist Party.^[3] He mentioned that while he was studying at the Junior High School of Nihon University in 1926, he had been influenced by his fellow residents Lin Chaozong and Lin Tianjin, and he began to Become interested in socialism, worship Lenin, long for communist society, discuss socialist issues together, read the works of Japanese socialists Hitoshi Yamakawa, Sakai Toshihiko and others, as well as "Historical Materialism" and "Proletarian News" (the organ of the Japanese Communist Party) and other left-wing publications.^[4]

Short-lived action

Lin Dui was not the founder of the Taiwanese Communist Party, nor did he actively join the Communist Party. Instead, he joined the party through the recommendation of his friend Chen Laiwang. On September 23, 1928, four people including Lin Dui, Chen Laiwang, Lin Mushun, and Lin Tianjin organized the Tokyo Special Branch of the Communist Party of Japan. During the meeting, it was decided that this organization would achieve two goals. First, establish a strong relationship between the Taiwan Academic Research Association and the Tokyo Taiwan Branch. The Youth Association established the party's guiding position in order to recruit Taiwanese students as party members; second, establish a relationship with the Japanese Communist Party and Taiwan party organizations. At the end of 1928, Lin Dui, Xiao Laifu, Huang Zongyao, He Huoyan, Chen Quansheng, Lin Sang, Su Xin and Chen Laiwang met three times at the site of the "Taiwan Popular Times" under the Tokyo Cultural Association to discuss the organization's guiding line and activity content, and made a Several important decisions were made. Lu Xiuyi, a scholar who wrote the history of the Communist Party of Taiwan, listed six points in his book: 1. Organize Taiwanese people in schools. 2. Reform the Taiwan Youth Association in Tokyo and make it a mass organization under the guidance of the Tokyo Special Branch. 3. Publish a newspaper. 4. Organize a Taiwanese alliance to support "Proletarian News". 5. Organize a support committee to rescue victims of the Taiwan liberation movement. 6. Issue a letter of support for the Taiwan Farmers’ Association Congress to be held at the end of 1928. On January 2 of the following year, he held a meeting with the branch members. During the meeting, a decision was made to reorganize the seven local groups into ten school groups and assign each person's tasks. He decided to strengthen the recruitment of party members and take on the responsibility of selling "Proletarian News" "work. The important decisions made at these meetings became the content of Lin Dui's future actions. In February 1929, he received the Communist Party membership card by mail, and began to circulate "Red Flag" from Chen Laiwang and others. Before being replaced in April, Lin Dui and other members of the Tokyo ^[5] Special Branch of the Communist Party of Taiwan held successive meetings Several secret meetings.^[6]

Lin Dui and other branch members successfully seized the leadership of the Tokyo Youth Association. At the meeting on February 3, 1929, they tried to get the conference to pass a resolution to reform the Youth Association and establish the "Japanese Taiwan Students Association"; later, they The Tokyo Youth Association was further transformed into a left-wing organization of Taiwanese in Tokyo, and a decision made at the previous secret meeting was implemented: "Reform the Tokyo Taiwan Youth Association so that it becomes a mass organization under the guidance of the Tokyo Special Branch." In addition to transforming the Tokyo Youth Association, Lin Dui and other branch members also obtained leadership of the Taiwan Academic Research Association, a left-wing organization, and actively recruited party members. In addition to infiltrating student organizations, Lin Dui and his branch members also actively participated in Taiwan's peasant movement, trying to turn Taiwan's peasant associations into an organization under the control of the Taiwan Communist Party. In the summer of 1928, Lin Dui returned to Taiwan during his vacation and got in touch with Jian Ji, a leader of the farmers' association, and Xie Xuehong, a member of the Taiwan Communist Party. At the end of November of the same year, Lin Dui returned to Taiwan with the instructions of the branch and the countermeasures for farmers' issues prepared by Lin Mushun. Later, he jointly guided the second conference of the Taiwan Farmers' Association with Jian Ji, Xie Xuehong and others to strengthen the influence of the Taiwan Communist Party on Taiwan's farmers' activities. . However, Lin Dui refused to serve as secretary of the Central Committee of the Peasants' Union and returned to Tokyo in January 1929.

Not long after Lin Dui returned to Tokyo, on April 15, 1929, the Japanese police found a list of Japanese Communist Party members from the leader of the Japanese Communist Party organization, Sueyoshi Mataba. There were three Taiwanese on the list; in order to know the identities of these three Taiwanese Names, Tokyo police arrested forty-three leading members of the Taiwan Academic Research Association in one go. After investigation, the Japanese police discovered that the three Taiwanese were Chen Laiwang, Lin Dui, and Lin Tianjin. The three became the targets of the Japanese police's arrest. The Tokyo branch also collapsed due to this incident and disappeared from the stage of history.

After being released from prison

Moved into the left-wing literary and artistic movement

In June 1931, Wang Baiyuan's collection of poems and essays "The Road of Thorns" was published. After Lin Dui read this collection of poems and essays, he didn't know whether he was moved by the Socialism ideas contained in the collection of poems or essays, or out of the usual rational calculations of political and business figures - he felt that the author's political ideology was similar to his own, so he began to correspond with Wang Baiyuan, and then exchanged opinions on the proletarian art movement, and finally proposed a plan to organize the Taiwan Proletarian Cultural Alliance.^[8]

On March 25, 1932, Lin Dui, Wang Baiyuan, Wu Kunhuang and others established the "Taiwanese Communist Party" as the first step to organize the Taiwan Proletarian Stage Cultural Alliance, and tried to use this legal method to cover up the illegal, so that some Taiwan Communists Members of the Japanese Communist Party and the Japanese Communist Party were mixed in, secretly exchanging messages with the Communist Party of Taiwan, the Chinese Communist Party, the Japanese Communist Party, the Japanese Communist Party, and left-wing groups in Japan and North Korea to establish a united front to fight against imperialism and feudalism.^[9] On July 31 of the same year, he met with ^[10] Wang Baiyuan, Wu Kunhuang and others to discuss the issue of the association's publication NEWS and fund raising issues; but on September 1 of the same year, Ye Qiu Mu, a member of the association, was reported for participating in an anti-imperialist demonstration. The Taiwanese Information about the establishment and operation of the Cultural Association was discovered by the Japanese authorities. Later, Lin Dui, Zhang Wenhuan, Wang Baiyuan, Zhang Lixu and others were arrested by the Japanese police, and the association collapsed and disappeared. Although Wang Baiyuan, Lin Dui, Zhang Wenhuan and others organized a literary and art association, it was continued through the efforts of others. After Zhang Wenhuan, Wu Kunhuang and others were released, they jointly established a legal and moderate literary and art association with other young people in Japan. However, Lin Dui was unable to participate in the group "Taiwan Art Research Association" due to his arrest; he was imprisoned again on November 4, 1932, and then disappeared.^[11]

Lin Dui later ran a lumber shop in the Wuquan West Road area of Taichung City, and helped his classmate Zhou Zonghe, who had been dropped out of Taipei Normal University in his early years, arrange a residence. Participated in the 27 Brigade in the 228th Incident. During the White Terror, according to the oral memory of Zhou Zonghe's second son Zhou Haixiong (joint video interview with Chen Baiqian and Zhou Keren on December 28, 2018), Lin Dui was said to have been purged and imprisoned by the Kuomintang, and there was no news from him again.

References

↑ 一说：立场转向，出狱以后不再参与政治、社会运动。另一说：经过刑讯与坐牢的折磨，林兑最后精神崩溃。（One theory is that his position has changed and he will no longer participate in politics or social movements after being released from prison. Another said: After torture and imprisonment, Lin Dui finally suffered a mental breakdown.）
↑ Liu, Shuqin (2009). 荊棘之道：旅日青年的文學活動與文化抗爭 (Jing ji zhi dao: Taiwan lü ri qing nian de wen xue huo dong yu wen hua kang zheng) [The Path of Thorns: Literary Activities and Cultural Struggle of Young People in Japan]. Taiwan yan jiu cong kan (Chu ban ed.). Taibei Shi: Lian jing chu ban shi ye gong si. p. 175. ISBN 978-957-08-3389-8. OCLC 428607684.
↑ Lu, Xiuyi (2006). Ri ju shi dai Taiwan gong chan dang shi, 1928-1932 [《台湾共产党史1928~1932》] (in Chinese) (Chu ban ed.). Taibei Shi: Qian wei chu ban she. p. 88. ISBN 978-957-801-496-1.
↑ Liu, Shuqin (2009). Jing ji zhi dao: Taiwan lü ri qing nian de wen xue huo dong yu wen hua kang zheng [《荆棘之道 : 台湾旅日青年的文学活动与文化抗争》]. Taiwan yan jiu cong kan (in Chinese) (Chu ban ed.). Taibei Shi: Lian jing chu ban shi ye gong si. p. 176. ISBN 978-957-08-3389-8. OCLC 428607684.
↑ 虽然苏新、萧来福、林朝宗、庄守没被逮捕，一些台湾学术研究会的成员被捕后释放，这些人仍然没有办法回复这个组织原来的盛况。（Although Su Xin, Xiao Laifu, Lin Chaozong, and Zhuang Shou were not arrested, and some members of the Taiwan Academic Research Association were arrested and released, these people still have no way to restore the organization to its original glory.）
↑ Lu, Xiuyi (2006). Ri ju shi dai Taiwan gong chan dang shi, 1928-1932 [《台湾共产党史1928~1932》] (in Chinese) (Chu ban ed.). Taibei Shi: Qian wei chu ban she. p. 89. ISBN 978-957-801-496-1.
↑ Liu, Shuqin (2009). Jing ji zhi dao: Taiwan lü ri qing nian de wen xue huo dong yu wen hua kang zheng [《荆棘之道 : 台湾旅日青年的文学活动与文化抗争》]. Taiwan yan jiu cong kan (in Chinese) (Chu ban ed.). Taibei Shi: Lian jing chu ban shi ye gong si. pp. 175–180. ISBN 978-957-08-3389-8. OCLC 428607684.
↑ Liu, Shuqin (2009). Jing ji zhi dao: Taiwan lü ri qing nian de wen xue huo dong yu wen hua kang zheng [《荆棘之道 : 台湾旅日青年的文学活动与文化抗争》]. Taiwan yan jiu cong kan (in Chinese) (Chu ban ed.). Taibei Shi: Lian jing chu ban shi ye gong si. pp. 173–174. ISBN 978-957-08-3389-8. OCLC 428607684.
↑ 代表日本当局立场的《特高月报》，对林兑的记录内容：“中心人物林兑及吴坤煌，从去年(1931)10月左右起，加盟反宗教斗争同盟、赤旗读者班等团体。本年7月左右，与日本共产党资金局连络，吸收台湾留学生中比较富裕者为《赤旗》读者，奔走筹措资金属实。本件之文化同化会，也极可能是林兑及吴坤煌企图借此作为党活动舞台而组织的，因此必须继续严加调查。”（"Tegao Monthly", which represents the position of the Japanese authorities, recorded Lin Dui: "The central figures Lin Dui and Wu Kunhuang have joined groups such as the Anti-Religious Struggle Alliance and the Red Flag Readers' Class since around October last year (1931)." It is true that around July 2006, he contacted the Funding Bureau of the Communist Party of Japan to recruit relatively wealthy Taiwanese students as readers of "Red Flag" and worked hard to raise funds for the cultural assimilation meeting. It is also very likely that Lin Dui and Wu Kunhuang were trying to use this as a party member. Therefore, strict investigation must continue.”）
↑ Liu, Shuqin (2009). Jing ji zhi dao: Taiwan lü ri qing nian de wen xue huo dong yu wen hua kang zheng [〈张文环生平及写作年表〉，收录在《荆棘之道 : 台湾旅日青年的文学活动与文化抗争》]. Taiwan yan jiu cong kan (in Chinese) (Chu ban ed.). Taibei Shi: Lian jing chu ban shi ye gong si. pp. 592–594. ISBN 978-957-08-3389-8. OCLC 428607684.
↑ Liu, Shuqin (2009). Jing ji zhi dao: Taiwan lü ri qing nian de wen xue huo dong yu wen hua kang zheng [《荆棘之道 : 台湾旅日青年的文学活动与文化抗争》]. Taiwan yan jiu cong kan (in Chinese) (Chu ban ed.). Taibei Shi: Lian jing chu ban shi ye gong si. p. 192. ISBN 978-957-08-3389-8. OCLC 428607684.

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