List of Jewish states and dynasties
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of dynasties and states that have historically had ties to either ethnic Jews or their religion of Judaism.
States by region
Southern Levant
- Twelve Tribes of Israel, c. 1350-1047 BCE[1]
- Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy), c. 1047–930 BCE[2][page needed]
- Kingdom of Israel (Samaria), c. 930–720 BCE[3]
- Kingdom of Judah, c. 930–587/586 BCE[4][page needed]
- Yehud Medinata, c. 539–332 BCE[5]
- Hasmonean kingdom, c. 140–37 BCE[6]
- Herodian kingdom/tetrarchy, 37 BCE – 100 CE
- Judean provisional government, 66–68 CE
- Bar Kokhba Jewish state, 132–135 CE
- State of Israel, 1948 CE–present[7]
Wider Middle East
- Himyarite Kingdom, Yemen, 390 CE – 525 CE[8]
- Nehardea, Mesopotamia, 18–33 CE (ruled by Anilai and Asinai of the Parthian Empire)
- Adiabene, Mesopotamia, c. 30–115 CE[9]
- Mahoza Kingdom, Mesopotamia, 495–502 CE (established by Mar-Zutra II)
- Banu Nadir, Banu Qurayza and other Jewish tribes of the Khaybar, Saudi Arabia, unknown-628 CE.
Africa
- Kingdom of Simien, Ethiopia c. 960-1137 CE,[10] legendary but Gudit was thought to have reigned 960–1000 CE following the collapse of the Kingdom of Aksum before the rise of the Zagwe dynasty in 1137 CE[11]
Caucasia
- Khazar Kingdom, c. 750–950 CE (semi-nomadic Turkic state in the Caucasus whose ruling royal elite seems to have converted to Judaism, although the extent to which it was adopted by commoners is highly debated)[12][13][14]
- Aba-Sava, Dagestan 1630–1800, a semi-independent Mountain Jewish polity and relatively autonomous Persian vassal located south of Derbent[15]
Siberia
- Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia c. 1934 CE–present, one of the federal subjects of Russia.[16][17][18]
Proposed
- Medieval French Jewish vassal state, 768–900 CE (purportedly established during the Reconquista)
- Brutakhi, early-13th-century Turkic polity whose Jewishness is debatable; possibly either a Khazar remnant state or Jewish splinter state from the Cuman-Kipchak Confederation