List of Latin American Nobel laureates and nominees

NLatin American Nobel laureates From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Nobel Prize is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace, with an associated prize in Economics awarded since 1969.[1] As of October 2025, Nobel Prizes had been awarded to 965 individuals,[2] of whom 21[a] were Latin American recipients (2.12% of the 990 individual recipients).

Nobel Prize laureate Maria Corina Machado giving her medal to President Donald Trump at the White House Oval Office on 15 January 2026.

Latin Americans have received awards in four of the six award categories: seven in Peace (33.3% of the Latin recipients), seven in Literature (33.3%), four in Physiology or Medicine (19%), and three in Chemistry (14.2%). The first Latin American recipient, Carlos Saavedra Lamas, was awarded the Peace Prize in 1936. The most recent, María Corina Machado, was awarded the Peace Prize in 2025.

Among the Latin American laureates, two served as heads of state or government of their respective countries upon receiving the Nobel Prize. Those include Óscar Arias Sánchez of Costa Rica and Juan Manuel Santos of Colombia, who were presidents; both of them were awarded the Peace Prize.

Since the death of Mario Vargas Llosa on 23 April 2025,[3] there are no other living Latin American laureates in the other categories except for five Nobel Peace Prize laureates.

Laureates

More information Category, Medicine ...
Number of Latin American Nobel laureates by country[b]
Category Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Puerto Rico United States Uruguay Venezuela
Medicine 21[c]1 4
Physics
Chemistry 2[d]1 3
Literature 211111[e] 7
Peace 211111 7
Economics
Total 6122123112 21
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More information Year, Image ...
YearImageLaureateBornDiedCitation
Physiology or Medicine
1947 Bernardo Houssay 10 April 1887
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 21 September 1971
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 "for his discovery of the part played by the hormone of the anterior pituitary lobe in the metabolism of sugar"[4]
(awarded jointly with Carl Ferdinand Cori and Gerty Radnitz-Cori)
1960 Peter Medawar[c] 28 February 1915
Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 2 October 1987
London, United Kingdom		 "for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance."[7]
(awarded jointly with Frank Macfarlane Burnet)
1980 Baruj Benacerraf 29 October 1920
Caracas, Venezuela		 2 August 2011
Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, United States		 "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions"[8]
(awarded jointly with Jean Dausset and George Davis Snell)
1984 César Milstein 8 October 1927
Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina		 24 March 2002
Cambridge, England		 "for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies"[9]
(awarded jointly with Niels Kaj Jerne and Georges J. F. Köhler)
Chemistry
1931 Friedrich Bergius[d] 11 October 1884
Wrocław, Poland		 30 March 1949
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 "in recognition of their contributions to the invention and development of chemical high pressure methods"[11]
(awarded jointly with Carl Bosch)
1970 Luis Federico Leloir 6 September 1906
Paris, France		 2 December 1987
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 "for his discovery of sugar nucleotides and their role in the biosynthesis of carbohydrates"[12]
1995 Mario Molina 19 March 1943
Mexico City, Mexico		 7 October 2020
Mexico City, Mexico		 "for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone"[13]
(awarded jointly with Paul J. Crutzen and F. Sherwood Rowland)
Literature
1945 Gabriela Mistral 7 April 1889
Vicuña, Elqui, Chile		 10 January 1957
Hempstead, New York, United States		 "for her lyric poetry which, inspired by powerful emotions, has made her name a symbol of the idealistic aspirations of the entire Latin American world"[14]
1967 Juan Ramón Jiménez[e] 23 December 1881
Moguer, Huelva, Spain		 29 May 1958
San Juan, Puerto Rico[f]		 "for his lyrical poetry, which in Spanish language constitutes an example of high spirit and artistical purity"[17]
1967 Miguel Ángel Asturias 19 October 1899
Guatemala City, Guatemala		 9 June 1974
Madrid, Spain		 "for his vivid literary achievement, deep-rooted in the national traits and traditions of Indian peoples of Latin America"[18]
1971 Pablo Neruda 12 July 1904
Parral, Linares, Chile		 23 September 1973
Santiago, Chile		 "for a poetry that with the action of an elemental force brings alive a continent's destiny and dreams"[19]
1982 Gabriel García Márquez 6 March 1927
Aracataca, Magdalena, Colombia		 17 April 2014
Mexico City, Mexico		 "for his novels and short stories, in which the fantastic and the realistic are combined in a richly composed world of imagination, reflecting a continent's life and conflicts"[20]
1990 Octavio Paz 31 March 1914
Mexico City, Mexico		 19 April 1998
Mexico City, Mexico		 "for impassioned writing with wide horizons, characterized by sensuous intelligence and humanistic integrity"[21]
2010 Mario Vargas Llosa 28 March 1936
Arequipa, Peru		 13 April 2025
Lima, Peru		 "for his cartography of structures of power and his trenchant images of the individual's resistance, revolt, and defeat"[22]
Peace
1936 Carlos Saavedra Lamas 1 November 1878
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 5 May 1959
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 "for his role as father of the Argentine Antiwar Pact of 1933, which he also used as a means to mediate peace between Paraguay and Bolivia in 1935"[23]
1980 Adolfo Pérez Esquivel 26 November 1931
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 (aged 94) "for being a source of inspiration to repressed people, especially in Latin America"[24]
1982 Alfonso García Robles 20 March 1911
Zamora, Michoacán, Mexico		 2 September 1991
Mexico City, Mexico		 "for their work for disarmament and nuclear and weapon-free zones"[25]
(awarded jointly with Alva Myrdal)
1987 Óscar Arias 13 September 1940
Heredia, Costa Rica		 (aged 85) "for his work for lasting peace in Central America"[26]
1992 Rigoberta Menchú 9 January 1959
Laj Chimel, Quiché, Guatemala		 (aged 67) "for her struggle for social justice and ethno-cultural reconciliation based on respect for the rights of indigenous peoples"[27]
2016 Juan Manuel Santos 10 August 1951
Bogotá, Colombia		 (aged 74) "for his resolute efforts to bring the country's more than 50-year-long civil war to an end"[28]
2025 María Corina Machado 7 October 1967
Caracas, Venezuela		 (aged 58) "for her tireless work promoting democratic rights for the people of Venezuela and for her struggle to achieve a just and peaceful transition from dictatorship to democracy"[29]
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Nominees

Individuals

The nominees are not publicly named, nor are they told that they are being considered for the prize.[30] All nomination records for a prize are sealed for 50 years from the awarding of the prize.[30] Since its establishment, there have been 156 Latin American nominees[g] from 1901 to 1976.[31]

More information Nominees by country, Category ...
Number of Latin American Nobel nominees
Nominees by country[b]
Category Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Puerto Rico United States Uruguay Venezuela
Medicine 8512311111 24
Physics 3[h]1 4
Chemistry 3[d]1141 10
Literature 1218524111652[e]66 60
Peace 10213722132722131 58
Economics 1 1
Total 34327164824211201951118 157
Nominees by sex
Men 2832715472421191941107 144
Women 61111111 13
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More information Picture, Name ...
Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
Argentina
Physiology or Medicine
Luis Agote 22 September 1868
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 12 November 1954
Turdera, Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1920 Nominated jointly with Émile Jeanbrau (1873–1950) and Richard Lewisohn (1875–1961) by Vicente Izquierdo Sanfuentes (1850–1926).[32]
Ángel Roffo 30 December 30, 1882
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 23 July 1947
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1927, 1937, 1940 [33]
Carlos Robertson Lavalle 1874
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 23 April 1956
La Cumbre, Córdoba, Argentina		 1928[i] Nominated by Fortunato Quesada Larrea (1895–1966).[34]
Pío del Río Hortega 5 May 1882
Portillo, Valladolid, Spain		 1 June 1945
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1929, 1937 [35]
Bernardo Houssay 10 April 1887
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 21 September 1971
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1931, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1946, 1947, 1948 Shared the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Carl Ferdinand Cori and Gerty Radnitz-Cori.[36]
Mariano Rafael Castex 10 June 1886
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 30 June 1968
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1944[i] Nominated by José Belbey (1894–1960).[37]
Luis Federico Leloir 6 September 1906
Paris, France		 2 December 1987
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1956 Awarded the 1970 Nobel Prize in Chemistry[38]
Guillermo Andrés Bosco 3 June 1886
Dolores, Buenos Aires, Argentina		 20 August 1971
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1956 Nominated by Orestes Eduardo Adorni (1892-1958).[39]
Chemistry
Friedrich Bergius[d] 11 October 1884
Wrocław, Poland		 30 March 1949
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1929, 1931 Shared the 1931 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Carl Bosch.[40]
Dorothy Maud Wrinch 12 September 1894
Rosario, Argentina		 11 February 1976
Falmouth, Massachusetts, United States		 1939 [41]
Luis Federico Leloir 9 September 1906
Paris, France		 2 December 1987
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1958, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970 Awarded the 1970 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[38]
Literature
Manuel Gálvez 6 May 1882
Paraná, Entre Ríos, Argentina		 14 November 1962
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1932, 1933, 1934, 1951, 1952 [42]
Carlos María Ocantos 24 August 1860
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 29 March 1949
Madrid, Spain		 1933, 1943 [43]
Enrique Larreta 4 March 1875
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 6 July 1961
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945,[j] 1950 [45]
Jacinto Grau 6 April 1877
Barcelona, Spain		 14 August 1958
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1949 Nominated by Hjalmar Gullberg (1898–1961).[46]
Ezequiel Martínez Estrada 14 September 1895
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 4 November 1964
Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1951 [47]
Ricardo Rojas 16 September 1882
San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina		 29 July 1957
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1954 [48]
Jorge Luis Borges 24 August 1899
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 14 June 1986
Geneva, Switzerland		 1956, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975 [49]
María Raquel Adler c. 1900
Argentine Sea		 28 July 1974
Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1959, 1965 [50]
Arturo Capdevila 14 March 1889
Córdoba, Argentina		 20 December 1967
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1967 [51]
Segismundo Masel 1895
Argentina		 1985
Argentina		 1968, 1974, 1975 Nominated by Antonio de Tornes Ballesteros[who?] (?) each time.[52]
Victoria Ocampo 7 April 1890
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 27 January 1979
Béccar, Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1970, 1974, 1975 [53]
Eduardo Mallea 14 August 1904
Bahia Blanca, Argentina		 12 November 1982
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1974 Nominated by Manuel Durán Gilli (1925–2020).[54]
Peace
Ángela de Oliveira Cézar de Costa c. 1860
Gualeguaychú, Entre Ríos, Argentina		 25 June 1940
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1910, 1911 [55]
Estanislao Zeballos 27 July 1854
Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina		 4 October 1923
Liverpool, England		 1912, 1920, 1923 [56]
Luis María Drago 6 May 1859
Mercedes, Argentina		 9 June 1921
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1914 Nominated by Ernesto Bosch (1863–1951).[57]
Carlos Francisco Melo 1873
Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina		 2 October 1931
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1926 Nominated by Alejandro E. Mereira[who?] (?).[58]
Constancio Cecilio Vigil 4 September 1876
Rocha, Uruguay		 24 September 1954
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1934 Nominated by Ramón Romero[who?] (?).[59]
Carlos Saavedra Lamas 1 November 1878
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 5 May 1959
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1935, 1936, 1937[60] Awarded the 1936 Nobel Peace Prize.[61]
Eva Perón 7 May 1919
Los Toldos, Argentina		 26 July 1952
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1949 Nominated with Juan Perón (1895–1974) by Virgilio Filippo (1896–1969).[62]
Juan Perón 8 October 1895
Lobos, Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1 July 1974
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1949, 1974 President of Argentina (1946–1955; 1973–1974)[63]
Isabel Perón 4 February 1931
La Rioja, Argentina		 (aged 95) 1976 Nominated by Decio B. Naranjo[who?] (?).[64]

41st President of Argentina (1974–1976)
Economic Sciences
Raúl Prebisch 17 April 1901
San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina		 29 April 1986
Santiago de Chile, Chile		 1971, 1972 [65]
Bolivia
Literature
Adolfo Costa du Rels 19 June 1891
Sucre, Chuquisaca, Bolivia		 May 26, 1980
La Paz, Bolivia		 1973, 1974 Nominated by Humberto Palza (1900–1975) each time.[66]
Peace
Eduardo Anze Matienzo 14 October 1902
Cochabamba, Bolivia		 1979
Bolivia		 1953 Nominated by Ali Radai (1913–1974).[67]
Napoleón Bilbao Rioja 6 August 1902
Cochabamba, Bolivia		 N/a 1973 Nominated by Antonio Jorge Pérez Amuchãstegui (1921–1983) each time.[68]
Brazil
Physiology or Medicine
Carlos Chagas 9 July 1879
Oliveira, Minas Gerais, Brazil		 8 November 1934
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1913, 1921, 1922,[i] 1928[i] [69][70][71]
Antônio Cardoso Fontes 6 October 1879
Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 27 March 1943
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1934 Nominated with Gaston Ramon (1886–1963) by Michel Weinberg (1868–1940).[72]
Adolfo Lutz 18 December 1855
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 6 October 1940
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1938 Nominated by Octávio Coelho de Magalhães (1880–1972).[73]
Manuel de Abreu 4 January 1894
São Paulo, Brazil		 30 January 1962
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1946, 1951, 1953 [74]
Giovanni Di Guglielmo 22 September 1886
São Paulo, Brazil		 19 February 1961
Rome, Italy		 1956 Nominated by Cesare Decio (1885-1957).[75]
Physics
César Lattes 11 July 1924
Curitiba, Brazil		 8 March 2005
Campinas, Brazil		 1949, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1975 [76][77]
David Bohm[h] 20 December 1917
Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States		 27 October 1992
London, England		 1958 [79]
José Leite Lopes 28 October 1918
Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil		 12 June 2006
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1974 Nominated the by Oskar Klein (1894–1977).[80]
Chemistry
Fritz Feigl 15 May 1891
Vienna, Austria		 23 January 1971
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1955, 1957, 1962, 1963, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1972 [81]
Literature
Henrique Coelho Neto 21 February 1864
Caxias, Maranhão, Brazil		 28 November 1934
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1933 [82]
Flávio de Carvalho 10 August 1899
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 4 June 1973
São Paulo, Brazil		 1939 Nominated by Paul Vanorden Shaw (1898–1970).[83]
Manoel Cyrillo Wanderley N/a N/a 1941 Nominated by Francisco de Aquino Correia (1885–1956).[84]
Pietro Ubaldi 18 August 1886
Foligno, Perugia Italy		 29 February 1972
São Paulo, Brazil		 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969 [85]
Erico Verissimo 17 December 1905
Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil		 28 November 1975
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil		 1963, 1968, 1974, 1975 [86]
Alceu Amoroso Lima 11 December 1893
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 14 August 1983
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1965 [87]
Jorge Amado 10 August 1912
Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil		 6 August 2001
Salvador, Bahia, Brazil		 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973 [88]
Carlos Drummond de Andrade 31 October 1902
Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil		 17 August 1987
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1967, 1969, 1974 [89]
Peace
Sebastião de Magalhães Lima 30 May 1850
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 7 December 1928
Lisbon, Portugal		 1909 Nominated by Feio Terenas (1850–1920).[90]
José Paranhos 20 April 1845
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 10 February 1912
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1911 [91]
Érico Coelho 7 March 1849
Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 26 November 1922
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1916 Nominated by Alcindo Guanabara (1865–1918).[92]
Teixeira Mendes 5 January 1855
Caxias, Maranhão, Brazil		 28 June 1927
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1924 Nominated by Joaquim Osório Duque Estrada (1870–1927).[93]
Afrânio de Melo Franco 25 February 1870
Paracatu, Minas Gerais, Brazil		 1 January 1943
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1935, 1937, 1938 [94]
Oswaldo Aranha 15 February 1894
Alegrete, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil		 27 January 1960
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1948 [95]
Henrique Vasconcellos 11 May 1892
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 14 October 1952
Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa		 1952 Nominated by Paulo Martins de Sousa Ramos (1896–1969).[96]
Raul Fernandes 24 October 1877
Valença, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 6 January 1968
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1953, 1954 [97]
Cândido Rondon 5 May 1865
Santo Antônio do Leverger, Mato Grosso, Brazil		 19 April 1958
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1953, 1957 [98]
Josué de Castro 5 September 1908
Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil		 24 September 1973
Paris, France		 1953, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1970, 1973 [99]
Jan Antonín Baťa 7 March 1898
Uherské Hradiště, Czechia		 23 August 1965
São Paulo, Brazil		 1957 Nominated by Felix John Vondracek (1901–1984).[100]
Hélder Câmara 7 February 1909
Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil		 27 August 1999
Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil		 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976 [101]
Cláudio Villas-Bôas 8 December 1916
Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil		 1 March 1998
São Paulo, Brazil		 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1976 [102]


Nominated jointly each time.


[103]
Orlando Villas-Bôas 12 January 1914
Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo, São Paulo, Brazil		 12 December 2002
São Paulo, Brazil
Chile
Physiology or Medicine
Rudolf Kraus 31 October 1868
Mladá Boleslav, Czechia		 15 July 1932
Santiago, Chile		 1916[i] [104]
Literature
Pedro Pablo Figueroa 25 December 1857
Copiapó, Chile		 4 January 1909
Santiago, Chile		 1906[k] Nominated by Leonardo Eliz (1861–1939).[105]
Vicente Huidobro 10 January 1893
Santiago, Chile		 2 January 1948
Catagena, San Antonio, Chile		 1926 Nominated by Enrique Nercasseau Morán (1854–1925).[106]
Egidio Poblete 7 November 1868
Los Andes, Chile		 18 October 1940
Valparaíso, Chile		 1939 Nominated by Miguel Luís Amunátegui Reyes (1862–1949).[107]
Gabriela Mistral 7 April 1889
Vicuña, Elqui, Chile		 10 January 1957
Hempstead, New York, United States		 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945 Awarded the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.[108]
Pablo Neruda 12 July 1904
Parral, Linares, Chile		 23 September 1973
Santiago, Chile		 1956, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971 Awarded the 1971 Nobel Prize in Literature.[109]
Peace
Carlos Ibáñez del Campo 3 November 1877
Linares, Chile		 28 April 1960
Santiago, Chile		 1930 Nominated jointly with Augusto Bernardino Leguía (1863–1932).[110]

19th and 25th President of Chile (1927–1931, 1952–1958)
Alejandro Álvarez 9 February 1868
Santiago, Chile		 19 July 1960
Paris, France		 1932, 1933, 1934 [111]
Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal 4 May 1869
Santiago, Chile		 3 May 1949
Santiago, Chile		 1949 Nominated by Carlos Saavedra Lamas (1878–1959) but died before the only chance to be considered.[112]
Lorenzo Fernández Rodríguez 1887
Chile		 1953
Chile		 1952, 1954, 1958, 1974 [113][114]
Manuel Bianchi Gundián 14 January 1894
Santiago, Chile		 16 December 1982
Santiago, Chile		 1974 [115]
Fernando Ariztía Ruiz 27 May 1925
Santiago, Chile		 25 November 2003
Copiapó, Chile		 1976 [116]
Helmut Frenz 4 February 1933
Allenstein, East Prussia		 13 September 2011
Hamburg, Germany
Colombia
Literature
Germán Pardo García 19 July 1902
Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia		 23 August 1991
Mexico City, Mexico		 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1974, 1975 [117]
Gabriel García Márquez 6 March 1927
Aracataca, Magdalena, Colombia		 17 April 2014
Mexico City, Mexico		 1975 Awarded the 1982 Nobel Prize in Literature.[118]
Peace
Alberto Lleras Camargo 3 July 1906
Bogotá, Colombia		 4 January 1990
Bogotá, Colombia		 1953, 1954 20th President of Colombia (1958–1962)[119]
Fernando Tamayo Tamayo 13 February 1950
Palermo, Boyacá, Colombia		 13 April 2018
Bogotá, Colombia		 1973 Nominated by Norman Borlaug (1914–2009).[120]
Costa Rica
Cuba
Physiology or Medicine
Aristides Agramonte 3 June 1868
Camagüey, Cuba		 19 August 1931
New Orleans, Louisiana, United States		 1903, 1905,[i] 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1917 [121][122]
Carlos Finlay 3 December 1833
Camagüey, Cuba		 20 August 1915
Havana, Cuba		 1905, 1906, 1907, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915 [123]
Literature
Laura Mestre Hevia 6 April 1867
Havana, Cuba		 11 January 1944
Havana, Cuba		 1931 Nominated by Juan Miguel Dihigo Mestre (1866–1952).[124]
Armando Álvarez Pedroso 29 June 1907
Havana, Cuba		 9 September 1990
Dade City, Florida, United States		 1945[l] [125]
Armand Godoy 1 April 1880
Havana, Cuba		 11 March 1964
Lausanne, Switzerland		 1956, 1957, 1960, 1961 [126]
Alejo Carpentier 26 December 1904
Lausanne, Switzerland		 24 April 1980
Paris, France		 1965, 1966, 1967, 1971 [127]
Peace
Moisés Vieites c. 1881
Havana, Cuba		 N/a 1934 Nominated by Pedro Cué Abreu[who?] (?).[128]
Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante 13 April 1865
Havana, Cuba		 24 August 1951
Havana, Cuba		 1948, 1949 [129]
Dominican Republic
Chemistry
Emilio Noelting 8 June 1851
Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic		 6 August 1922
Merano, South Tyrol, Italy		 1920 Nominated by Karol Dziewoński (1876–1943).[130]
Peace
Rafael Trujillo 24 October 1891
San Cristóbal, Dominican Republic		 30 May 1961
Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic		 1936, 1937[131] Nominated jointly with Sténio Vincent (1874–1959) each time.[132]

3rd and 6th President of the Dominican Republic (1930–1938, 1942–1952)
Ecuador
Literature
Víctor Manuel Rendón 5 December 1859
Guayaquil, Ecuador		 9 October 1940
Guayaquil, Ecuador		 1935 Nominated by Celiano Monge Navarrete (1856–1940).[133]
Peace
Carlos Rodolfo Tobar 4 November 1853
Quito, Ecuador		 19 April 1920
Barcelona, Spain		 1909 Nominated by H. Vasques[who?] (?).[134]
Galo Plaza 17 February 1906
New York City, United States		 28 January 1987
Quito, Ecuador		 1965 Nominated by Ralph Bunche (1904–1971).[135]

29th President of Ecuador (1948–1952)
Luis Bossano 19 April 1905
Quito, Ecuador		 5 November 1997
Quito, Ecuador		 1974, 1975 [136]
El Salvador
Peace
Miguel Ángel Araújo 1858
Jucuapa, Usulután, El Salvador		 2 August 1942
San Salvador, El Salvador		 1935 [137]
José Gustavo Guerrero 26 June 1876
San Salvador, El Salvador		 25 October 1958
Nice, Alpes-Maritimes, France		 1948, 1949 [138]
Guatemala
Literature
Miguel Ángel Asturias 19 October 1899
Guatemala City, Guatemala		 9 June 1974
Madrid, Spain		 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967 Awarded the 1967 Nobel Prize in Literature.[139]
Honduras
Literature
Argentina Díaz Lozano 5 December 1909
Santa Rosa de Copán, Honduras		 13 August 1999
Tegucigalpa, Honduras		 1974 [140]
Mexico
Physiology or Medicine
Enrique Paschen 30 December 1860
Tacubaya, Mexico City, Mexico		 22 October 1936
Hamburg, Germany		 1932 [141]
Alexander von Lichtenberg 20 January 1880
Budapest, Hungary		 21 April 1949
Mexico City, Mexico		 1934 Nominated Ralph Michael LeComte (1888–1954).[142]
Arturo Rosenblueth 2 October 1900 in Ciudad Guerrero, Chihuahua, Mexico 20 September 1970 in Mexico City, Mexico 1952 Nominated by Ignacio González Guzmán (1898–1972).[143]
Chemistry
Henry Eyring 20 February 1901
Colonia Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico		 26 December 1981
Salt Lake City, Utah, United States		 1944, 1950, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974 [144]
Guillermo Carvajal-Sandoval 10 February 1926
Ciudad Altamirano, Guerrero, Mexico		 2008
 1974 [145]

Nominated jointly by R. Corona[who?] (?).

[146]


[147]
Carlos Casas Campillo 12 October 1916
Córdoba, Veracruz, Mexico		 6 October 1994
Mexico City, Mexico		 1974
Jesús Romo Armería 9 October 1922
Aguascalientes, Mexico		 14 May 1977
Mexico City, Mexico		 1974
Literature
Rafael Altamira y Crevea 10 February 1866
Alicante, Spain		 1 June 1951
Mexico City, Mexico		 1911, 1912 Nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize too.[148]
Enrique González Martínez 13 April 1871
Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico		 19 February 1952
Mexico City, Mexico		 1949, 1952 [149]
Alfonso Reyes 17 May 1889
Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico		 27 December 1959
Mexico City, Mexico		 1949, 1953, 1956, 1958, 1959 [150]
María Enriqueta Camarillo 19 February 1872
Coatepec, Veracruz, Mexico		 13 February 1968
Mexico City, Mexico		 1951 [151]
Luis Buñuel 22 February 1900
Calanda, Teruel, Spain		 29 July 1983
Mexico City, Mexico		 1968, 1972 [152]
Octavio Paz 31 March 1914
Mexico City, Mexico		 19 April 1998
Mexico City, Mexico		 1974, 1975 Awarded the 1990 Nobel Prize in Literature.[153]
Peace
Rafael Altamira y Crevea 10 February 1866
Alicante, Spain		 1 June 1951
Mexico City, Mexico		 1908, 1909, 1911, 1933, 1951 Nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature too.[148]
Edo Fimmen 18 June 1881
Nieuwer-Amstel, North Holland, Netherlands		 14 December 1942
Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico		 1937 [154]
Miguel Alemán Valdés 29 September 1900
Sayula de Alemán, Veracruz, Mexico		 14 May 1983
Mexico City, Mexico		 1952, 1953 53rd President of Mexico (1946–1952)[155]
Adolfo López Mateos 26 May 1909
Ciudad López Mateos, Mexico		 22 September 1969
Mexico City, Mexico		 1963, 1964 55th President of Mexico (1958–1964)[156]
Alfonso García Robles 20 March 1911
Zamora, Michoacán, Mexico		 2 September 1991
Mexico City, Mexico		 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972 Shared the 1982 Nobel Peace Prize with Alva Myrdal.[157][158]
Robert Schirokauer Hartman 27 January 1910
Berlin, Germany		 20 September 1973
Mexico City, Mexico		 1973 Died before the only chance to be considered.[159]
Luis Echeverría 17 January 1922
Mexico City, Mexico		 8 July 2022
Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico		 1974, 1975, 1976 57th President of Mexico (1970–1976)[160]
Nicaragua
Panama
Physiology or Medicine
William Crawford Gorgas 3 October 1854
Toulminville, Alabama, United States		 3 July 1920
London, England		 1909, 1914, 1915, 1916,[i] 1918,[i] 1919 [161][162][163]
Paraguay
Peru
Physiology or Medicine
Alberto Barton 12 August 1870
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 25 October 1950
Lima, Peru		 1941[i] Nominated by Carlos Enrique Paz Soldán (1885–1972).[164]
Physics
Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo 10 January 1887
Huacllan, Aija, Peru		 20 April 1967
Lima, Peru		 1943 Nominated the only time by C. Granda[who?] (?).[165]
Literature
Francisco García Calderón 8 April 1883
Valparaíso, Chile		 1 July 1953
Lima, Peru		 1934 [166]
Ventura García Calderón 23 February 1886
Paris, France		 27 October 1959
Paris, France		 1934 [167]
Alberto Hidalgo 23 May 1897
Arequipa, Peru		 12 November 1967
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1953, 1966, 1968 [168]
Mario Roques 1 July 1875
Callao, Peru		 8 March 1961
Paris, France		 1959, 1960 Nominated by Ida-Marie Frandon (1907–1997).[169]
José María Arguedas 18 January 1911
Andahuaylas, Peru		 2 December 1969
Jesús María District, Lima, Peru		 1971 Posthumously nominated by Elie Poulenard (1901–1985).[170]
Peace
Augusto Bernardino Leguía 19 February 1863
Lambayeque, Peru		 6 February 1932
Callao, Peru		 1930 Nominated jointly with Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (1877–1960).[171]

40th President of Peru (1919–1930)
Mariano Cornejo Zenteno 28 October 1866
Arequipa, Peru		 25 March 1942
Paris, France		 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940[172] [173]
Puerto Rico[f]
Physiology or Medicine
Bailey Ashford 18 September 1873
Washington, D.C., United States		 1 November 1934
San Juan, Puerto Rico		 1915 [174]
Literature
Juan Ramón Jiménez[e] 24 December 1881
Moguer, Huelva, Spain		 29 May 1958
San Juan, Puerto Rico		 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956 Awarded the 1956 Nobel Prize in Literature.[175]
Evaristo Ribera Chevremont 16 February 1890
San Juan, Puerto Rico		 1 March 1976
San Juan, Puerto Rico		 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973 [176]
Peace
Pablo Casals 29 December 1876
El Vendrell, Tarragona, Spain		 22 October 1973
San Juan, Puerto Rico		 1956, 1958, 1959 [177]
Conchita Cuchí Coll de Carlo 1 September 1907
Santurce, San Juan, Puerto Rico		 March 1981
San Juan, Puerto Rico		 1974, 1976 [178]
United States[b]
Peace
Cesar Chavez March 31, 1927
Yuma, Arizona, United States		 April 23, 1993
San Luis, Arizona, United States		 1971, 1974, 1975, 1976 [179]
Uruguay
Physiology or Medicine
Juan César Mussio-Fournier 7 February 1890
Montevideo, Uruguay		 1 January 1961
Montevideo, Uruguay		 1950 Nominated by Velarde Pérez Fontana (1897–1975).[180]
Chemistry
Domingo Giribaldo 25 January 1860
Pando, Canelones, Uruguay		 9 July 1950
Montevideo, Uruguay		 1949 [181]
Literature
Juan Zorrilla de San Martín 28 December 1855
Montevideo, Uruguay		 3 November 1931
Montevideo, Uruguay		 1926, 1928 [182]
Carlos Vaz Ferreira 15 October 1872
Montevideo, Uruguay		 3 January 1958
Montevideo, Uruguay		 1955 [183]
Jules Supervielle 16 January 1884
Montevideo, Uruguay		 17 May 1960
Paris, France		 1956, 1957, 1960 [184]
Juana de Ibarbourou 8 March 1892
Melo, Cerro Largo, Uruguay		 15 July 1979
Montevideo, Uruguay		 1959, 1960, 1963 [185]
Emilio Oribe 13 April 1893
Melo, Cerro Largo, Uruguay		 24 May 1975
Montevideo, Uruguay		 1970 Nominated by Sarah Bollo (1904–1987).[186]
Federico Morador Otero 5 May 1896
Montevideo, Uruguay		 1977
Uruguay		 1975 Nominated by Eduardo Payssé Reyes (1902–1986).[187]
Peace
Gabriel Terra 1 August 1873
Montevideo, Uruguay		 15 September 1942
Montevideo, Uruguay		 1934 Nominated by Abel José Pérez (1857–1945).[188]

40th President of Uruguay (1931–1938)
Constancio Cecilio Vigil 4 September 1876
Rocha, Uruguay		 24 September 1954
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1934 Nominated by Ramón Romero[who?] (?).[59]
Eugen Relgis 22 March 1895
Iași, Romania		 24 May 1987
Montevideo, Uruguay		 1956 [189]
Venezuela
Physiology or Medicine
August Pi Suñer 12 August 1879
Barcelona, Spain		 12 January 1965
Mexico City, Mexico		 1915, 1920, 1945,[i] 1948, 1949 [190][191]
Literature
Julio Calcaño[m] 4 December 1840
Caracas, Venezuela		 18 August 1918
Caracas, Venezuela		 1908 Nominated by José María Manrique (1846–1907).[192]
Rufino Blanco Fombona 17 June 1874
Caracas, Venezuela		 16 October 1944
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1928, 1929, 1930, 1933, 1935 [193]
Clotilde Crespo de Arvelo September 19, 1887
Los Teques, Venezuela		 20 June 1959
Caracas, Venezuela		 1930 Nominated by Manuel María Villalobos (1858–1929).[194]
Rómulo Gallegos 2 August 1884
Caracas, Venezuela		 5 April 1969
Caracas, Venezuela		 1951, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1966, 1967 President of Venezuela (1948)[195]
Wilhelm Lehmann 4 May 1882
Puerto Cabello, Carabobo, Venezuela		 17 November 1968
Eckernförde, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany		 1960 Nominated by Friedrich Sengle (1909–1994).[196]
Robert Ganzo 22 August 1898
Caracas, Venezuela		 6 April 1995
Boulogne-Billancourt, France		 1970 Nominated by André Lebois (1915–1978).[197]
Peace
Carlos Medina Chirinos 13 January 1884
Maracaibo, Zulia, Venezuela		 8 November 1946
Maracaibo, Zulia, Venezuela		 1926 Nominated by José María González Delgado[who?] (?).[198]
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Organizations

The following list are organizations[n] founded or based in Latin American countries.

More information Picture, Name ...
Picture Name Born Died Years Nominated Notes
Argentina
Peace
South American Universal Peace Association 1907
Buenos Aires, Argentina		 1911 Nominated by Ángela de Oliveira Cézar de Costa (1860–1940).[200]
Brazil
Peace
Brazilian Historic and Geographic Institute October 1838
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil		 1924 Nominated by Clóvis Beviláqua (1859–1944).[201]
Chile
Peace
Committee of Cooperation for Peace in Chile October 1973
Santiago, Chile		 1976 Nominated by American Friends Service Committee.[202]
Cuba
Peace
International Air Transport Association April 1945
Havana, Cuba		 1945 Nominated jointly with ICAO, IFALPA and Howard Kurtz (1907–1997) by Oliver Lissitzyn (1912–1994).[203]
Uruguay
Inter-American Children's Institute July 1924
Montevideo, Uruguay		 1975 Nominated by Edner Brutus (1911–1980).[204]
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See also

Notes

  1. [a]
    Including Peter Medawar, who was born in Brazil, Friedrich Bergius who lived in Argentina, and Juan Ramón Jiménez, who settled and died in Puerto Rico.
  2. [b]
    The United States is included to note the Chicanos – people of Mexican descent who were born in or live in the United States. Likewise, to note other Americans with Latin American descent.
  3. [c]
    Medawar acquired a Brazilian citizenship by birth as dictated by the Brazilian nationality law (jus soli). He left the country, together with his parents, at the age of 14 to finish high school in the United Kingdom. At age 18, he renounced his Brazilian citizenship when he refused to be drafted in the military and after his appeal for exemption was denied. When the Nobel Committee awarded him the Prize, he was acknowledged as a British citizen. It was only after his death when he was recognized also as being a Brazilian Nobel laureate.[5][6]
  4. [d]
    Due to World War II, Bergius fled to Argentina, where he worked as an adviser to the Ministry of Industry. He died in Buenos Aires on 30 March 1949, and is buried in the Cementerio Alemán next to La Chacarita Cemetery. Though, he remained a German citizen, he is regarded as an "honorary Argentinian".[10]
  5. [e]
    Though Jimenez remained a Spanish citizen throughout his life, he is regarded an "honorary Puerto Rican" having lived, worked, and died in San Juan with his wife Zenobia Camprubí, who was of Puerto Rican heritage. He was a Professor of Spanish Literature and Poet-in-Residence at the University of Puerto Rico.[15][16]
  6. [f]
    Territory of the United States of America.
  7. [g]
    Not including the organizations founded or based in Latin American countries.
  8. [h]
    David Bohm applied for and received Brazilian citizenship, but by law, had to give up his US citizenship; he was able to reclaim it only decades later, in 1986, after pursuing a lawsuit.[78]
  9. [i]
    Nomination was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee.
  10. [j]
    Nomination was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee.[44]
  11. [k]
    Nomination was declared invalid by the Nobel committee because the nominator Leonardo Eliz (1861–1939) from the Valparaiso Secondary School was found to be ineligible.
  12. [l]
    Nomination was declared invalid by the Nobel Committee.[44]
  13. [m]
    Calcaño: Tres poetas pesimistas del siglo XIX ("Three Pessimistic Nineteenth Century Poets", 1907)[44]
  14. [n]
    "Organizations" refers to any collective group such as foundations, movements, institutes, societies, nations, federations, ministries, programmes, committees or associations.[199]

References

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