List of Mount Etna eruptions

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Mount Etna viewed from the southwest

This is a list of volcanic eruptions from Mount Etna, an active stratovolcano on the Italian island of Sicily that is currently erupting. These eruptions have taken place from summit craters and flank vents, the latter of which are less frequently active, but typically issue volcanic material at higher rates. The earliest reported eruption took place in 1500 BCE, making volcanism at Mount Etna one of the longest documented on Earth.[1] Most of the documented eruptions from Mount Etna have ranked 1–3 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index, but infrequent VEI-0, VEI-4 and VEI-5 eruptions have also been recorded since 1500 BCE.[2]

Data obtained from the Global Volcanism Program website.[2]

VEI Date Evidence Activity area or unit
2 December 23, 2024 – OngoingReported, seismicitySoutheast Crater, Bocca Nuova
3 September 3, 2013 – June 17, 2022ReportedSoutheast Crater, New Southeast Crater, Northeast Crater, Bocca Nuova, Voragine Crater, Saddle Cone, Cono della Sella
3 August 25, 2010 – April 27, 2013ReportedBocca Nuova, Northeast Crater, New Southeast Crater, Voragine Crater
1 April 8, 2010ReportedSoutheast Crater
2 March 19, 2007 – July 4, 2009ReportedBocca Nuova, Southeast Crater, flank vents
2 July 14 – December 15, 2006ReportedSoutheast Crater, Northeast Crater, flank vents
1 December 16–22, 2005ReportedBocca Nuova
1 September 7, 2004 – March 8, 2005ReportedSoutheast Crater, southeast flank
1 (?) February 12–14, 2004ReportedCentral Crater
3 December 16 (?), 2001 ± 15 days – November 9, 2003ReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater, south flank, northeast rift
3 June 17, 1994 – August 19, 2001ReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater, Southeast Crater, south to northeast flanks
1 August 3 – October 3, 1993ReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater
3 (?) July 3, 1979 – March 30, 1993ReportedCentral Crater, Southeast Crater, Northeast Crater, Valle del Bove, east flank, northeast flank, southeast flank, north-northwest flank, south flank
2 September 19, 1971 – March 16 (?), 1979ReportedCentral Crater, Southeast Crater, Northeast Crater, west flank, north flank, southeast flank, east-northeast flank
2 January 10, 1966 – June 12, 1971ReportedNortheast Crater, Central Crater, southeast flank
3 October 7, 1959 – December 31, 1964ReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater, north-northeast flank
1 March 23 – April 25, 1959ReportedCentral Crater
1 November 16, 1958 ± 15 days – December 16, 1958 ± 15 daysReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater
2 August 25, 1957 – May 3, 1958ReportedNortheast Crater
2 February 5 – May 7, 1957ReportedNortheast Crater
2 April 5, 1955 – April 7, 1956ReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater
2 December 2, 1949 – May 30, 1952ReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater, east flank, northwest flank
3 (?) January 29 – March 10, 1947ReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater, northeast flank
1 February – October 1946ReportedNortheast Crater
1 June 5 ± 4 days – October 1945ReportedNortheast Crater
2 October (?) 1941 – April 26, 1944 ± 4 daysReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater, southwest flank
3 July 7, 1935 – January 27 (?), 1941ReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater
1 January 5 – March 1934ReportedNortheast Crater
2 July 26, 1931 ± 5 days – September 1933ReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater
1 November 1, 1930ReportedNortheast Crater
1 August 2, 1929ReportedNortheast Crater
1 July 31 – November 20, 1928ReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater, east flank
1 January 2 – June 1926ReportedNortheast Crater
2 March 15, 1919 – February 1925ReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater, northeast flank
2 March – December 1 (?), 1918ReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater, north flank
2 June 24 – July 5, 1917 ± 4 daysReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater
2 November 13, 1913 – March 1917ReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater
3 August 1912ReportedCentral Crater
2 August – September 26, 1911 ± 4 daysReportedCentral Crater, Northeast Crater (?), northeast flank
2 December 27, 1910 – February 17, 1911ReportedCentral Crater
2 February 21 – April 18, 1910ReportedCentral Crater, south flank
2 April 29, 1908 – September 28, 1909ReportedCentral Crater, southeast flank (Valle del Bove)
2 November 15, 1899 – August 1907Reported
3 July 19 – August 5, 1899ReportedCentral Crater
1 April 26, 1893 – June 1898ReportedCentral Crater
2 June 20 – December 29, 1892ReportedCentral Crater, south flank, Mount Silvestri
2 February 20 – December 1891ReportedCentral Crater
2 May – October 17 (?), 1890ReportedCentral Crater
2 April 13 (on or before), 1888 – August 1889ReportedCentral Crater
1 May 31 – August 1887ReportedCentral Crater
3 1884 – June 7, 1886ReportedCentral Crater, south flank (Mount Gemmellaro)
3 December 23, 1878 – March 31 (on or before), 1883ReportedCentral Crater, south-southwest flank, north-northeast flank, south flank (Mount Leone)
2 August 29–31, 1874ReportedCentral Crater, north flank
2 May 1874ReportedCentral Crater
0 September 26, 1869ReportedEast flank (west wall of Valle del Bove)
3 November 26 (?) – December 8, 1868ReportedCentral Crater
2 January 30 – June 28, 1865ReportedNortheast flank (Mount Sartorius)
2 August 5 ± 4 days – September 19, 1864ReportedCentral Crater
3 (?) May 1, 1863 – July 25 (?), 1863ReportedCentral Crater
2 August 20, 1852 – May 27, 1853ReportedEast flank (Valle del Bove)
2 November 17 – December 16 (?), 1843ReportedCentral Crater, west flank
2 November 18 – December 29 (?), 1842ReportedCentral Crater
2 July 8, 1838 – February 1839ReportedCentral Crater
2 October 31 – November 22, 1832ReportedSouth-southeast flank, west flank, Mount Nunziata
2 December (?) 1820 – 1833ReportedCentral Crater
2 (?) May 27 – August 5, 1819ReportedCentral Crater, Valle del Bove
2 October 27, 1811 – May (?) 1812ReportedEast flank (Valle del Bove)
2 March 27 – April 9, 1809ReportedCentral Crater, north flank, northeast flank
2 January 1, 1803 – 1819 (?)ReportedCentral Crater
2 November 15–18, 1802ReportedCentral Crater, east flank
3 (?) 1793 (?) – 1802 (?)ReportedCentral Crater
3 March 1792 – May 26, 1793 ± 5 daysReportedCentral Crater, west flank, southeast flank
2 February – September 1791ReportedCentral Crater
4 June 4 ± 4 days – August 11, 1787ReportedCentral Crater
2 March – May 10, 1781ReportedCentral Crater
2 April 20 (?) – July (?) 1780ReportedSummit, south flank, south-southwest flank
? 1776ReportedCentral Crater
? May 2, 1767ReportedCentral Crater
2 April 27 – November 6, 1766ReportedSouth flank (Mount Calcarazzi)
3 December 9, 1732 – 1765ReportedCentral Crater, east flank (Valle del Bove), west flank (Mount Nuovo), south flank (Montagnola), northwest flank
2 (?) November 22, 1727 – May 10 (?), 1728ReportedCentral Crater
1 March 8 – May 8, 1702ReportedEast flank (Valle del Bove)
3 (?) December 1693 – November (?) 1694ReportedCentral Crater
1 March 14, 1689ReportedEast flank (Valle del Bove)
1 1688ReportedCentral Crater
2 September 1 – October (?), 1682ReportedEast flank (Valle del Bove)
3 (?) March 11 – July 11 (?), 1669ReportedSouth flank (Monti Rossi)
1 January 1, 1654 – 1656 (?)ReportedCentral Crater
1 January 17, 1651 – July (?) 1653ReportedWest flank, east flank
2 November 20, 1646 – January 17, 1647ReportedNorth-northeast flank, Mount Nero
1 February 20–28, 1643ReportedNorth flank, Monte Pomiciaro
1 December 19 (?), 1634 – April 27, 1638ReportedSoutheast flank, Little Mount Pecorara
2 (?) July 1 (?), 1614 – 1624ReportedNorth-northeast flank, Monti Deserti
2 February 6 – August 15, 1610ReportedSouthwest flank
2 June 28, 1607 – 1608 (?)ReportedSouthwest flank
2 July 1603 – 1610ReportedCentral Crater
? September 9 (?), 1579 – 1580 (?)ReportedSoutheast flank
2 November 1 (?) – December 1566ReportedNortheast flank
2 July (?) 1541Reported
1 July 1540Reported
2 March (?) – July 1537ReportedSummit, south flank
3 March 22 – December (?) 1536ReportedSummit, south flank, north flank, west flank
1 1493 (?) – 1500 (?)Reported
1 September 21, 1447Reported
1 September 25, 1446ReportedEast flank (Valle del Bove)
2 1444ReportedSouth flank (north of Mount Arso)
3 November 8–25 (?), 1408ReportedSummit, south flank (Mount Piniteddu)
2 August 5 (?), 1381 ± 1 daysReportedSouth-southeast flank, Mount Pomiciari, Mount Arsi?
2 1350Reported
2 1333Reported
3 (?) June 28 – August 4, 1329 ± 4 daysReportedSoutheast flank
? 1284 – January (?) 1285ReportedEast flank (Valle del Bove)
2 (?) 1250Reported
? August (?) 1224ReportedSoutheast flank
2 (?) 1194Reported
2 (?) 1164 (?)Reported
2 (?) 1160Reported
2 (?) 1157Reported
? 1063 ± 1 yearsReported
? 0417 (?)Reported
3 (?) February 1–9, 0252ReportedSouth flank (Monpeloso)
? 0100 ± 100 yearsTephrochronologyFV tephra
? 0039 ± 1 yearsReported
? 0010 (?) – 0020 (?)Reported

Eruptions Before the Common Era

Data obtained from the Global Volcanism Program website.[2]

VEI Date Evidence Activity area or unit
? December 31, 0032 BCE ± 365 daysReported
? July 15, 0036 BCE ± 45 days – 0035 BCEReportedEast flank?
3 (?) March 0044 BCE (?)ReportedFF tephra layer
? 0049 BCEReportedSummit and west flank?
5 0122 BCEReportedSummit (Cratere del Piano caldera) and south flank
? June 0126 BCE (on or before)Reported
? 0135 BCEReported
? December 31, 0141 BCE ± 365 daysReported
? April 15, 0396 BCE (?) ± 45 daysReportedSoutheast flank (Monte Gorna)
? March 15, 0425 BCE ± 15 days – 0424 BCE (?)ReportedSouth flank (Monte Arso)
? August 0479 BCE (?) – 0475 BCE (?)ReportedSouth flank?
? 0695 BCE ± 2 yearsReportedSouth flank? Mount Mompilieri?
? 1050 BCE ± 75 yearsRadiocarbon datingSouth flank (Monte Salto del Cane)
? 1420 BCE ± 75 yearsRadiocarbon datingFL tephra layer
5 (?) 1500 BCE ± 50 yearsReported
? 1980 BCE ± 50 yearsRadiocarbon datingFS tephra
? 2330 BCE ± 100 yearsRadiocarbon dating
? 3050 BCE ± 150 yearsRadiocarbon dating
? 3390 BCE ± 50 yearsRadiocarbon datingTufo varicolori tephra
? 3510 BCE ± 150 yearsRadiocarbon dating
? 4150 BCE ± 150 yearsRadiocarbon dating
? 5150 BCE ± 150 yearsRadiocarbon dating
? 6190 BCE ± 200 yearsRadiocarbon dating

Discredited eruptions

Uncertain eruptions

References

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