List of Oenothera species

Oenothera sect. Angora (Spach) W.L.Wagner & Hoch – western North America in dry, sandy soils in deserts, grasslands, and forest openings, up to 2000 m. elevation.^[2]

• Oenothera arizonica (Munz) W.L.Wagner – California evening primrose (Arizona & Mexico)^[4]
• Oenothera avita (W.M.Klein) W.E.Klein^[5] – California evening primrose
  • O. avita ssp. avita
  • O. avita ssp. californica (S.Watson) W.L.Wagner & Gandhi
  • O. avita ssp. eurekensis (Munz & J.C.Roos) W.E.Klein – Eureka Dunes evening primrose
• Oenothera deltoides Torr. & Frém. – birdcage evening primrose
  • O. deltoides ssp. ambigua (Munz) W.M.Klein
  • O. deltoides ssp. cognata (Jeps.) W.M.Klein
  • O. deltoides ssp. deltoides
  • O. deltoides ssp. howellii (Munz) W.M.Klein - Antioch Dunes evening primrose
  • O. deltoides ssp. piperi (Munz) W.M.Klein
• Oenothera engelmannii (Small) Munz – Engelmann's evening primrose (south-central U.S.)^[6]
• Oenothera neomexicana (Small) Munz – New Mexico evening primrose (Arizona, New Mexico)^[7]
• Oenothera nuttallii Sweet – Nuttall's evening primrose (central North America)^[8]
• Oenothera pallida Lindl. – pale evening primrose, white buttercup (western North America)^[9]
  • O. pallida ssp. gypsophila (Eastw.) Munz & W.M.Klein – whitepole evening primrose^[10]
  • O. pallida ssp. pallida
  • O. pallida ssp. runcinata (Engelm.) Munz & W.M.Klein
  • O. pallida ssp. trichocalyx (Nutt.) Munz & W.M.Klein
• Oenothera wigginsii W.M.Klein – (Baja California in Mexico)^[11]

Oenothera sect. Calylophus (Spach) W. L. Wagner & Hoch – in North American Great Plains and south to central Mexico.

• Oenothera berlandieri (Spach) Steud. – Mexican evening primrose^[12]
  • O. berlandieri ssp. berlandieri
  • O. berlandieri ssp. pinifolia (Engelm.) W. L. Wagner & Hoch
• Oenothera serrulata Nutt. – yellow sundrops^[13]

• Oenothera hartwegii Benth. – Hartweg's sundrops^[14]
  • O. hartwegii ssp. fendleri (A.Gray) W.L.Wagner & Hoch
  • O. hartwegii ssp. filifolia (Eastw.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch
  • O. hartwegii ssp. hartwegii
  • O. hartwegii ssp. maccartii (Shinners) W.L.Wagner & Hoch
  • O. hartwegii ssp. pubescens (A.Gray) W.L.Wagner & Hoch
• Oenothera lavandulifolia Torr. & A.Gray – lavenderleaf sundrops^[15]
• Oenothera toumeyi (A.Gray) Tidestr. – Toumey's sundrops^[16]
• Oenothera tubicula A.Gray – Texas sundrops^[17]
  • O. tubicula ssp. strigulosa (Towner) W.L.Wagner & Hoch
  • O. tubicula ssp. tubicula

Oenothera sect. Contortae W.L.Wagner – Sierra Nevadas of California, extending just into western Nevada.^[18]

• Oenothera xylocarpa Coville – woodyfruit evening primrose^[2]

Oenothera sect. Eremia W.L.Wagner – western North America, with a distribution in the Chihuahuan, Mojave, and Sonoran deserts.^[19]

• Oenothera primiveris A.Gray – desert evening primrose
  • O. primiveris ssp. bufonis (M.E. Jones) Munz – large yellow desert primrose^[20]
  • O. primiveris ssp. primiveris

Oenothera sect. Gaura (L.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch – beeblossom (includes most of the taxa formerly placed in genus Gaura)^[21][22]

• Oenothera boquillensis (P.H.Raven & D.P.Greg.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch – Rio Grande beeblossom (Texas & Mexico)
• Oenothera suffrutescens (Ser.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch – scarlet beeblossom (western North America)

• Oenothera coloradensis (Rydb.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch (Nebraska, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico)
  • O. coloradensis ssp. coloradensis – Colorado beeblossom or butterfly plant
  • O. coloradensis ssp. neomexicana (Wooton) W.L.Wagner & Hoch – New Mexico beeblossom
• Oenothera demareei (P.H.Raven & D.P.Greg.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch – Demaree's beeblossom
• Oenothera filiformis (Small) W.L.Wagner & Hoch – biennial gaura^[23]
• Oenothera gaura W.L.Wagner & Hoch – (eastern North America, from Ontario to South Carolina and Minnesota to Missouri)
• Oenothera hexandra (Ortega) W.L.Wagner & Hoch
  • O. hexandra ssp. gracilis (Wooton & Standl.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch
  • O. hexandra ssp. hexandra
• Oenothera lindheimeri (Engelm. & A.Gray) W.L.Wagner & Hoch
• Oenothera patriciae W.L.Wagner & Hoch^[3]
• Oenothera simulans (Small) W.L.Wagner & Hoch^[3]
• Oenothera suffulta (Engelmann) W.L.Wagner & Hoch^[3]
  • O. suffulta ssp. suffulta
  • O. suffulta ssp. nealleyi (J. M. Coulter) W.L.Wagner & Hoch
• Oenothera triangulata (Buckley) W.L.Wagner & Hoch^[3]

• Oenothera anomala Curtis – anomalous Oenothera (Mexico)^[2][3]

• Oenothera curtiflora W.L.Wagner & Hoch – lizard tail (North America)^[24]

• Oenothera glaucifolia W.L.Wagner & Hoch – false gaura (southern Great Plains of central North America)^[3]

• Oenothera calcicola (P.H.Raven & D.P.Gregory) W.L.Wagner & Hoch
• Oenothera cinerea (Wooton & Standl.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch – gaura-pilosa^[25]
  • O. cinerea ssp. cinerea
  • O. cinerea ssp. parksii (Munz) W.L.Wagner & Hoch
• Oenothera filipes (Spach) W.L.Wagner & Hoch
• Oenothera mckelveyae (Munz) W.L.Wagner & Hoch
• Oenothera sinuosa W.L.Wagner & Hoch – wavy-leaf gaura^[26]

• Oenothera xenogaura W.L.Wagner & Hoch – (southern North America)^[2]

• Oenothera arida W.L.Wagner & Hoch – (Texas, Mexico)^[2]

Oenothera sect. Gauropsis (Torrey & Frémont) W.L.Wagner – Wyoming, western Nebraska, eastern Colorado, New Mexico, Kansas and the Texas Panhandle in the U.S. High Plains.^[27]

• Oenothera canescens Torr. & Frém. – spotted evening primrose^[28]

Oenothera sect. Hartmannia (Spach) W. L. Wagner & Hoch – Generally in Mexico, Arizona, and Texas. But O. speciosa extends into the U.S. Central Plains, and O. rosea extends to the Caribbean, and northern South America.^[29]

• Oenothera deserticola (Loes.) Munz – (Mexico)^[30]
• Oenothera platanorum P.H.Raven & D.R.Parn. – Fort Huachuca evening primrose^[31]
• Oenothera rosea L'Hér. ex Aiton – pink evening primrose, Rose of Mexico
• Oenothera speciosa Nutt. – showy evening primrose, Mexican primrose, amapola
• Oenothera texensis P.H.Raven & D.R.Parn. – Texas evening primrose^[32]

Oenothera sect. Kleinia Munz – distributed over the Chihuahuan, Sonoran, and southern portions of the Great Basin deserts to the Great Plains, from southern Utah to southeastern Montana and western North Dakota, and northern Mexico.^[33]

• Oenothera albicaulis Pursh – prairie evening-primrose^[34]
• Oenothera coronopifolia Torr. & A.Gray^[35]

Oenothera sect. Kneiffia (Spach) Straley – eastern North America, at elevations up to 1900 m.^[36]

• Oenothera fruticosa L. – narrow-leaved or southern sundrops (eastern North America)^[37]
  • O. fruticosa ssp. fruticosa – (more southern distribution)
  • O. fruticosa ssp. glauca (Michx.) Straley – (more northern distribution)
• Oenothera perennis L. – little evening primrose, perennial sundrops (North America)^[38][39]
• Oenothera pilosella Raf. – prairie sundrops, meadow evening primrose^[40][41]
  • O. pilosella ssp. pilosella – (eastern North America)
  • O. pilosella ssp. sessilis (Pennell) Straley – (AR, LA, TX)
• Oenothera riparia Nutt. – riverbank sundrops^[3][42][43]
• Oenothera spachiana Torr. & A.Gray – Spach's evening-primrose (Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Texas)^[44]

Oenothera sect. Lavauxia (Spach) W. L. Wagner & Hoch – North and South America.

• Oenothera acaulis Cav. − (Chile)^[45]
• Oenothera centaurifolia (Spach) Steud. − (Uruguay, Brazil, Argentina)^[46][47]

• Oenothera acutissima W.L.Wagner – Flaming Gorge evening primrose (Utah, Colorado)^[48]
• Oenothera flava (A. Nelson) Garrett – yellow evening primrose (west & central North America)^[49]
  • O. flava ssp. flava
  • O. flava ssp. taraxacoides (Woot. & Standl.) W.L.Wagner
• Oenothera triloba Nutt. – stemless evening primrose (North America)^[50]

Oenothera sect. Leucocoryne W.L.Wagner & Hoch – from southern Texas, through northern Mexico to the Trans-Volcanic Belt of central Mexico, southward to Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica.^[2]

• Oenothera dissecta A. Gray ex S. Wats. - (Chihuahuan Desert)^[51]
• Oenothera kunthiana Munz - (southern Texas to Costa Rica)^[52]
• Oenothera luciae-julianiae W.L.Wagner - (Mexico)
• Oenothera orizabae W.L.Wagner - (Mexico)
• Oenothera tetraptera Cav. - (Mexico, southern Texas)^[53]

Oenothera sect. Megapterium (Spach) W.L.Wagner & Hoch – distributed in south-central North America.

• Oenothera brachycarpa A.Gray – short-fruit evening primrose (Arizona, Kansas, New Mexico, Nevada, Texas)^[54]
• Oenothera howardii (A. Nelson) W.L.Wagner – Howard's evening primrose (Colorado, Kansas, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming)^[55]
• Oenothera macrocarpa Nutt. – Missouri or big-fruit evening primrose^[56][57]
  • O. macrocarpa ssp. fremontii (S.Watson) W.L.Wagner – Fremont's evening primrose (Kansas, Nebraska)
  • O. macrocarpa ssp. incana (A.Gray) W.L.Wagner – big-fruit evening primrose (Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas)
  • O. macrocarpa ssp. macrocarpa – big-fruit evening primrose (Arkansas, Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Colorado, Tennessee, Texas)
  • O. macrocarpa ssp. mexicana W.L.Wagner – (Mexico)
  • O. macrocarpa ssp. oklahomensis (J.B.S.Norton) W.L.Wagner – Oklahoma evening primrose (Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas)

Oenothera sect. Oenothera – distributed from Canada to Panama.^[58]

• Oenothera clelandii W.Dietr. P.H. Raven & W.L.Wagner – Cleland's evening primrose^[59]
• Oenothera curtissii Small – Curtiss' evening primrose (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, South Carolina)
• Oenothera heterophylla Spach – variable-leaf evening primrose^[60]
  • O. heterophylla ssp. heterophylla – (Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Texas)
  • O. heterophylla ssp. orientalis W.Dietr., P.H.Raven & W.L.Wagner – (AL, Arkansas)
• Oenothera rhombipetala Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray

• Oenothera macrosceles A.Gray – (Chihuahuan Desert)^[2]
• Oenothera maysillesii Munz – (Durango)
• Oenothera organensis Munz – (New Mexico)
• Oenothera stubbei W.Dietr., P.H.Raven & W.L.Wagner – (Nuevo León)

• Oenothera affinis Cambess. – (Bolivia, Brazil, Chile)
• Oenothera arequipensis Munz & I M.Johnst. – (Chile)
• Oenothera bahia-blancae W.Dietr. – (Argentina)
• Oenothera catharinensis Cambess. – (Brazil)
• Oenothera coquimbensis Gay – (Chile)
• Oenothera featherstonei Munz & I.M.Johnst. – (Peru)
• Oenothera indecora Cambess.
  • O. indecora ssp. boliviensis W.Dietr.
  • O. indecora ssp. bonariensis W.Dietr.
  • O. indecora ssp. indecora
• Oenothera mendocinensis Gillies ex Hook. & Arn. – (Argentina)
• Oenothera mollissima L. – (Brazil)
• Oenothera montevidensis W.Dietr. – (Uruguay)
• Oenothera odorata Jacq. – (Argentina, Chile)
• Oenothera parodiana Munz^[61]
  • O. parodiana ssp. brasiliensis W.Dietr. – (Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay)
  • O. parodiana ssp. parodiana – (Argentina)
  • O. parodiana ssp. strigulosa W.Dietr. – (Argentina)
• Oenothera picensis Phil.^[62]
  • O. picensis ssp. bonariensis W.Dietr. – (Argentina)
  • O. picensis ssp. cordobensis W.Dietr. – (Argentina)
  • O. picensis ssp. picensis – (Chile)
• Oenothera ravenii W.Dietr. – (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay)^[63]
  • O. ravenii ssp. argentinae W.Dietr. – (Argentina, Brazil)
  • O. ravenii ssp. chilensis W.Dietr. – (Chile)
  • O. ravenii ssp. ravenii – (Brazil)
• Oenothera stricta Ledeb. ex Link^[64]
  • O. stricta ssp. altissima W.Dietr. – (Argentina)
  • O. stricta ssp. argentinae W.Dietr. – (Argentina)
  • O. stricta ssp. stricta – (Chile)

• Oenothera elongata Rusby – (Bolivia, Peru)
• Oenothera punae Kuntze – (Bolivia)
• Oenothera siambonensis W.Dietr. – (Argentina)
• Oenothera villaricae W.Dietr. – (Argentina, Chile)

• Oenothera longituba W.Dietr. – (Argentina)
• Oenothera nana Griseb. – (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Peru)
• Oenothera pedunculifolia W.Dietr. – (Argentina)
• Oenothera peruana W.Dietr. – (Chile, Peru)
• Oenothera sandiana Hassk. – (Chile, Ecuador)
• Oenothera santarii W.Dietr. – (Argentina)
• Oenothera scabra K.Krause^[65]
  • O. scabra ssp. scabra – (Bolivia, Peru)
  • O. scabra ssp. ucrosensis W.Dietr. – (Peru)
• Oenothera tafiensis W.Dietr.^[66]
  • O. tafiensis ssp. parviflora W.Dietr. – (Argentina)
  • O. tafiensis ssp. tafiensis – (Argentina)
• Oenothera tarijensis W.Dietr. – (Bolivia)
• Oenothera versicolor Lehm. – (Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru)

• Oenothera breedlovei W.Dietr. & W.L.Wagner - (Mexico)
• Oenothera pennellii Munz - (Mexico)
• Oenothera pubescens Willd. ex Spreng. – South American evening primrose (southwestern U.S to western South America)
• Oenothera tamrae W.Dietr. & W.L.Wagner - (Mexico)

• Oenothera argillicola Mack. – shale-barren evening primrose (MD, PA, VA, WV)^[67]
• Oenothera biennis L. – common evening primrose (North America)
• Oenothera elata Kunth – Hooker's evening primrose (western North America)
  • O. elata ssp. elata – (Mexico, Central America)
  • O. elata ssp. hirsutissima (A.Gray ex S.Watson) W.Dietr. – (western U.S.)
  • O. elata ssp. hookeri (Torr. & A.Gray) W.Dietr. & W.L.Wagner
  • O. elata ssp. texensis W.Dietr. & W.L.Wagner – (Texas)
• Oenothera glazioviana Micheli – red-sepal evening primrose (North America)^[68]
• Oenothera grandiflora L'Hér. – large-flower evening primrose (eastern North America)
• Oenothera jamesii Torr. & A.Gray – trumpet evening primrose (Mexico, KS, OK, TX)^[69]
• Oenothera longissima Rydb. – long-stem evening primrose (southwestern North America)
• Oenothera nutans G.F.Atk. & Bartlett – nodding evening primrose (eastern North America)^[70]
• Oenothera oakesiana (A.Gray) J.W.Robbins ex S.Watson – Oakes' evening primrose (eastern North America)^[71]
• Oenothera parviflora L. – northern evening primrose (North America)
• Oenothera villosa Thunb. – hairy evening primrose (North America)
  • O. villosa ssp. strigosa (Rydb.) W. Dietr. & P.H. Raven
  • O. villosa ssp. villosa
• Oenothera wolfii (Munz) P.H.Raven W.Dietr. & Stubbe – Wolf's evening primrose (California)

• Oenothera drummondii Hook. – beach evening primrose^[72]
  • O. drummondii ssp. drummondii – (Atlantic coast, North Carolina to Mexico)
  • O. drummondii ssp. thalassaphila (Brandegee) W.Dietr. & W.L.Wagner – (southern Baja California coast)
• Oenothera falfurriae W.Dietr. & W.L.Wagner – royal evening primrose (southeastern Texas)^[73]
• Oenothera grandis (Britton) Smyth – showy evening primrose (U.S. & Mexico)
• Oenothera humifusa Nutt. – sea-beach evening primrose (southeast U.S.)
• Oenothera laciniata Hill – cutleaf evening primrose (North & South America)
  • O. laciniata ssp. laciniata
  • O. laciniata ssp. pubescens (Willd. ex Spreng.) Munz – (Ecuador)^[74]
• Oenothera mexicana Spach – Mexican evening primrose (southeastern Texas)^[75]
• Oenothera resicum E.Benavides, JR.Kuethe, A.Ortiz-Alcaraz, JLL DE LA LUZ –(Mexico)^[76]

Oenothera sect. Pachylophus (Spach) W.L.Wagner – western North America.

• Oenothera brandegeei (Munz) P.H.Raven – (near Bahia de los Angeles)^[77]
• Oenothera cavernae Munz – cave-dwelling evening primrose (AZ, NV, UT)
• Oenothera cespitosa Nutt.1813
  • O. cespitosa ssp. cespitosa – tufted evening primrose (western North America)
  • O. cespitosa ssp. crinita (Rydb.) Munz – tufted evening primrose (southwest North America)
  • O. cespitosa ssp. macroglottis (Rydb.) W.L.Wagner, Stockh. & W.M.Klein – tufted evening primrose (CO, NM, UT, WY)
  • O. cespitosa ssp. marginata (Nutt. ex Hook. & Arn.) Munz – tufted evening primrose
  • O. cespitosa ssp. navajoensis W.L.Wagner, Stockh, & W.M.Klein – Navajo evening primrose (AZ, NM, NV, UT)
• Oenothera harringtonii W.L.Wagner, Stockh. & W.M.Klein – Colorado Springs evening primrose (Colorado)
• Oenothera psammophila (A.Nels. & J.F.Macbr.) W.L.Wagner, Stockh. & W.M.Klein – St. Anthony Dunes evening primrose (Idaho)

Oenothera sect. Paradoxus W. L. Wagner – distribution within the Chihuahuan Desert.^[78]

• Oenothera havardii S.Watson − Havard's evening primrose (Arizona, Texas)

Oenothera sect. Peniophyllum (Pennell) Munz – The single species is found in the southeastern U.S.

• Oenothera linifolia Nutt. – thread-leaf evening primrose^[79]