List of Sapindaceae genera
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This is a list of genera in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, which includes the soapberries (Sapindus), maples (Acer), and paullinias, amongst others. As currently circumscribed, the family contains approximatively 1900 species into over 140 genera classified into 4 subfamilies.[1]
The circumscription of Sapindaceae encompasses the former Aceraceae and Hippocastanaceae families as tribes in subfamily Hippocastanoideae. Although the classification at subfamilial level is fairly well-established, the circumscription at tribal and generic level remains only partially resolved, especially in the larger subfamily Sapindoideae, which has led the most recent revision to treat the majority of these genera without placing them in a tribe.[1] Another recent study hints at even more incongruity between traditional circumscription and molecular evidence.[2]
Changes have included the synonymization of Distichostemon with Dodonaea,[3] and Neotina and Tinopsis with Tina.[4] Additionally, not all authors agree about the broad circumscription that ensues from placing Xanthoceras as the sister group to the three traditional families as the resulting Sapindaceae sensu lato, unlike the traditional families, is difficult to characterize.[1][5] As a result, the elevation of Xanthoceroideae to family level was proposed, which would have removed six genera from Sapindaceae and Hippocastanoideae.[5]
This list follows the updated classification of Buerki et al.[6]
Subfamily Dodonaeoideae
Tribe Dodonaeae
(Kunth) DC. (1824). Type genus: Dodonaea Mill.
- Arfeuillea[N 1] Radlkofer (1 Species; Thailand and Laos)
- Averrhoidium Baill.[7] (4 Species; Mexico, Tropical South America)
- Boniodendron Gagnep. (2; southern China and Vietnam)
- Conchopetalum Radlk. (2; Madagascar)
- Cossinia Comm. ex Lam.[8] (3; Mauritius, New Caledonia)
- Diplokeleba N.E.Br.[9] (2 species; South America)
- Diplopeltis Endl.[10] (5 species; Australia)
- Dodonaea Mill.[11] (60+ species; Pantropical)
- Euchorium[N 2] Ekman & Radlk.[12] (1 species; Cuba)
- Euphorianthus[N 3] Radlk.[13] (1; Eastern Malesia)
- Harpullia Roxb.[14] (26; India and China to Australasia)
- Hirania Thulin (1; Somalia)
- Llagunoa Ruiz & Pav.[15] (3-4; Andes)
- Loxodiscus Hook.f.[16] (1; New Caledonia)
- Magonia A.St.-Hil.[17][N 4] (1;[N 5] Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay)
- Majidea J.Kirk ex Oliv.[18] (4-5; Africa and Madagascar)
Tribe Doratoxyleae
Radlk. 1890. Type genus: Doratoxylon Thouars ex Hook.f.
- Doratoxylon Thouars ex Hook.f.[19] (6 species; Mauritius, Madagascar)
- Exothea Macfad.[20] (3; West Indies, Central America)
- Filicium[N 6] Thwaites ex Benth.[19] (3-4; Madagascar, East Africa to India, Sri Lanka)
- Ganophyllum Blume[21] (1-2; Paleotropics)
- Hippobromus Eckl. & Zeyh.[22] (1; Africa)
- Hypelate P.Browne[23] (1; West Indies, Florida)
- Smelophyllum Radlk. (1; Cape Provinces of South Africa)
- Zanha Hiern[24] (23; Southern Africa, Madagascar)
Incertae sedis
- †Wehrwolfea Erwin & Stockey[25] (1; Ypresian, Princeton Chert)
Subfamily Hippocastanoideae
Subfamily Sapindoideae
Tribe Athyaneae
Acev.‐Rodr. (2017). Type genus: Athyana (Griseb.) Radlk.
- Athyana Radlk.[30] (1; Peru, Bolivia, Argentina)
- Diatenopteryx Radlk.[31] (2; Southern South America)
Tribe Blomieae
Buerki & Callm. (2021). Type genus: Blomia Miranda
Tribe Bridgesieae
Acev.‐Rodr. (2017). Type genus: Bridgesia Bertero ex Cambess.
Tribe Cupanieae
Blume (1857). Type genus: Cupania L.
- Alectryon Gaertn.[34] (25; Malesia, Australasia and Micronesia)
- Arytera Blume[35] (c. 28; India, Southeast Asia to Australasia)
- Castanospora F.Muell.[36] (1; Australia)
- Cnesmocarpon Adema[37] (1; Australia, Papua New Guinea)
- Cupania L.[26] (c. 50; Neotropical)
- Cupaniopsis Radlk.[13] (60; Malesia to Australasia)
- Dictyoneura Blume[35] (2–3; Malesia, Philippines, Australia)
- Diploglottis Hook.f.[19] (12; Australia, Papua New Guinea)
- Elattostachys (Blume) Radlk.[38] (c. 20; Malesia, Australasia)
- Eurycorymbus Hand.-Mazz.[39] (1 species; China)
- Gloeocarpus Radlk.[40] (1; Philippines)
- Gongrodiscus Radlk.[13] (3; New Caledonia)
- Gongrospermum Radlk.[40] (3; Philippines)
- Guioa Cav.[41] (c. 64; Southeastern Asia to Australasia)
- Jagera Blume[35] (2; Moluccas, New Guinea, Australia)
- Lecaniodiscus Planch. ex Benth.[42] (2; Tropical Africa)
- Lepiderema Radlk.[38] (8; Australia, New Guinea)
- Lepidocupania Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry (21; western tropical Pacific)[43]
- Lepidopetalum Blume[35] (6; Malesia, Australia)
- Matayba Aubl.[44] (c. 50; Neotropical)
- Mischarytera (Radlk.) H.Turner[45] (3; Australia, Papua New Guinea)
- Mischocarpus (Blume[46] (c. 15; Southeastern Asia to Australia)
- Molinaea Comm. ex Juss.[47] (c. 10; Madagascar and Mascarenes Islands)
- Neoarytera Callm., Buerki, Munzinger & Lowry (4; New Caledonia and Vanuatu)[43]
- Pentascyphus Radlk.[13] (1; French Guiana, Surinam, Brazil)
- Podonephelium Baill.[7] (4; New Caledonia)
- Rhysotoechia Radlk.[38] (c. 14; Australia, Malesia)
- Sarcopteryx Radlk.[38] (12-13; Australia, Moluccas, New Guinea)
- Sarcotoechia Radlk.[13] (c. 11; Australia, Moluccas, New Guinea)
- Scyphonychium Radlk.[31] (1; Brazil, French Guiana)
- Storthocalyx Radlk.[13] (4; New Caledonia)
- Synima Radlk.[13] (2; Australia, New Guinea)
- Tina Schult.[48] (19; Madagascar)
- Toechima Radlk.[38] (c. 8; Australia, New Guinea)
- Trigonachras Radlk.[38] (8; Non-Javanese Malesia & Lesser Sunda)
- Vouarana Aubl.[44] (2; Costa Rica to Brazil)
Tribe Guindilieae
Buerki, Callm. & Acev.‐Rodr. (2021). Type genus: Guindilia Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.
Tribe Haplocoeleae
Buerki & Callm. (2021). Type genus: Haplocoelum Radlk.
- Blighiopsis Van der Veken[50] (1; Central Africa)
- Haplocoelum Radlk.[31] (c. 7; Tropical Africa and Madagascar)
Tribe Koelreuterieae
Radlk. (1890). Type genus: Koelreuteria Laxm.
- Erythrophysa[N 7] E.Mey. ex Arn.[51] (5; South Africa, Madagascar)
- Koelreuteria Laxm.[52] (c. 4; Eastern Asia)
- Stocksia Benth.[53] (1; Near East, Afghanistan)
Tribe Melicocceae
Blume (1847). Type genus: Melicoccus P.Browne
- Dilodendron Radlk.[31] (3; Neotropical)
- Melicoccus P.Browne[23] (10; Dominican Republic, South America)
- Talisia Aubl. (52; Southern Mexico to South America)
- Tripterodendron Radlk.[54] (1; Brazil)
Tribe Nephelieae
Radlk. (1890). Type genus: Nephelium L.
- Aporrhiza Radlk.[31] (4–6; Tropical Africa)
- Blighia K.D.Koenig[55] (3; Tropical Africa)
- Chytranthus Hook.f.[19] (25+; Western tropical Africa)
- Cubilia Blume[35] (1; Malesia)
- Dimocarpus Lour.[56] (6; Southern Asia to Australia)
- Glenniea Hook.f.[19] (8; Paleotropical)
- Haplocoelopsis F.G.Davies[57] (1; Central and East Africa)
- Laccodiscus Radlk.[13] (c. 6; West Africa)
- Litchi Sonn.[58][N 8] (1; Southeastern China to Malesia)
- Nephelium L.[59][N 9] (c. 16; Southeastern Asia to Malesia)
- Otonephelium[N 10] Radlk.[54] (1; Southern India)
- Pancovia Willd.[60] (10–12; West Africa)
- Placodiscus Radlk.[31] (c. 10; Tropical Africa)
- Pometia J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.[61] (2; India and Pacific Islands)
- Radlkofera Gilg[62] (1; Western Africa)
- Xerospermum Blume[35] (2; Bangladesh, Indochina to Eastern Malesia)
Tribe Paullinieae
(Kunth) DC. (1824). Type genus: Paullinia L.
- Cardiospermum L.[26] (15; Pantropical)
- Lophostigma Radlk.[63] (2; Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia)
- Paullinia L.[26] (c. 190; Neotropics & Africa)
- Serjania Mill.[11] (c. 230; Neotropics)
- Thinouia Triana & Planch.[64] (c. 12; Central and South America)
- Urvillea Kunth[65] (c. 15; Central and South America)
Tribe Sapindeae
(Kunth) DC. (1824). Type genus: Sapindus L.
- Alatococcus Acev.-Rodr.[66] (1; Brazil)
- Atalaya Blume[35] (12; South Africa, Australia, Malesia)
- Deinbollia Schumach.[67] (c. 38; Southern Africa, Madagascar, Mascarene)
- Eriocoelum Hook.f.[19] (10+; Tropical Africa)
- Hornea Baker[68] (1; Mauritius)
- Lepisanthes Blume[46] (c. 24; Paleotropics, Australia)
- Porocystis Radlk.[31] (2; Brazil, French Guiana)
- Pseudima Radlk.[69] (1; Continental neotropics)
- Sapindus L.[26] (c. 10; Circumtropical)
- Thouinidium radlk.[31] (6;| Central America & Greater Antilles)
- Toulicia Aubl.[44] (12; South America)
- Tristira Radlk.[38] (1;| Philippines, Moluccas, Celebes)
- Zollingeria Kurz[70] (3-4; Indochina, Borneo)
Tribe Schleichereae
Radlk. (1890). Type genus: Schleichera Willd.
- Amesiodendron Hu[71] (1–3; Southern China to Sumatra)
- Paranephelium Miq.[72] (4; Yunnan to Malesia)
- Pavieasia Pierre[73][N 11] (1–3; China)
- Phyllotrichum Thorel ex Lecomte[74] (1; Laos)
- Schleichera Willd.[60] (1; Sri Lanka and India to Malesia)
- Sisyrolepis Radlk.[75] (1; Thailand & Cambodia)
Tribe Stadmanieae
Buerki & Callm. (2021). Type genus: Stadtmannia Lam. ex. Poir.
- Beguea Capuron[76] (1; Madagascar)
- Camptolepis Radlk.[77] (4; East Africa, Madagascar)
- Chouxia Capuron[76] (6; Madagascar)
- Gereaua (Capuron) Buerki & Callm.[78] (1; Madagascar)
- Macphersonia Blume[35] (8; Aldabra, Madagascar, West Tropical Africa)
- Pappea Eckl. & Zeyh.[22] (1; Southern Africa)
- Plagioscyphus Radlk.[31] (c. 10; Madagascar)
- Pseudopteris Baill.[7] (3; Madagascar)
- Stadtmannia Lam.[79] (6; East Tropical Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius)
- Tsingya Capuron[76] (1; Madagascar)
Tribe Thouiniaeae
Blume (1847). Type genus: Thouinia Poit.
- Allophylastrum Acev.-Rodr.[80] (1; Brazil, Guyana)
- Allophylus L.[26](211;[81][N 12] Pantropical)
- Thouinia Poit.[82] (c. 30; West indies, Central America)
Tribe Tristiropsideae
Buerki & Callm. (2021). Type genus: Tristiropsis Radlk.
- Tristiropsis Radlk.[30] (3; Malesia & Australasia)
Tribe Ungnadieae
Buerki & Callm. (2021). Type genus: Ungnadia Endl.
Subfamily Xanthoceratoideae
- Xanthoceras Bunge[85][N 14] (1; China)
Incertae sedis
- Bizonula Pellegr.[86] (1 species; Gabon)
- Chonopetalum Radlk. (1; Equatorial Guinea)
- Gloeocarpus Radlk. (1; tropical Africa)
- Gongrospermum Radlk. (1; tropical Africa)
- Lychnodiscus Radlk.[31] (c. 7; tropical Africa)
- Namataea D.W.Thomas & D.J.Harris (1; Nigeria and Cameroon)
- Omalocarpus Choux (1; Madagascar)
- Porocystis Radlk. (2; Guianas and northern Brazil)
- Pseudopancovia Pellegr.[87] (1; West Equatorial Africa)
